【发布时间】：2022-01-16 00:51:42
【问题描述】：
我正在尝试使用 wiki.ros.org 上的说明安装 ROS Melodic，但偶然发现了一些问题。
系统软件信息：
操作系统：Kubuntu 21.10
KDE Plasma 版本：5.22.5
KDE 框架版本：5.86.0
Qt 版本：5.15.2
内核版本：5.13.0-19-generic（64 位）
图形平台：X11
问题
我首先按照以下步骤操作 http://wiki.ros.org/melodic/Installation/Ubuntu 后来按照https://varhowto.com/install-ros-melodic-ubuntu-18-04/#Step_1_%E2%80%94_Install_ROS_Melodic_repo 的步骤，都没有成功。
在运行sudo apt update 时，我得到：
Hit:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu impish InRelease
Get:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu impish-updates InRelease [110 kB]
Ign:3 http://packages.ros.org/ros/ubuntu impish InRelease
Get:4 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu impish-backports InRelease [101 kB]
Hit:5 http://packages.ros.org/ros/ubuntu bionic InRelease
Get:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu impish-security InRelease [110 kB]
Err:7 http://packages.ros.org/ros/ubuntu impish Release
404 Not Found [IP: 140.211.166.134 80]
Reading package lists... Done
E: The repository 'http://packages.ros.org/ros/ubuntu impish Release' does not have a Release file.
N: Updating from such a repository can't be done securely, and is therefore disabled by default.
N: See apt-secure(8) manpage for repository creation and user configuration details.
尝试使用此行安装后：
sudo apt install ros-melodic-desktop-full
我得到：
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree... Done
Reading state information... Done
Selected version '1.4.1-0bionic.20211104.025752' (ROS bionic:bionic [amd64]) for 'ros-melodic-desktop-full'
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies.
python-rospkg : Depends: python-yaml but it is not installable
python-rospkg-modules : Depends: python-yaml but it is not installable
Depends: python-catkin-pkg-modules but it is not going to be installed
ros-melodic-actionlib : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-thread1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-actionlib-tutorials : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-thread1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-bondcpp : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-thread1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-camera-calibration-parsers : Depends: libboost-filesystem1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-python1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libyaml-cpp0.5v5 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-camera-info-manager : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-catkin : Depends: python-catkin-pkg (> 0.4.3) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: python-empy but it is not installable
Depends: python-nose but it is not installable
ros-melodic-class-loader : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libpocofoundation50 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-compressed-depth-image-transport : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-core3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-imgcodecs3.2 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-compressed-image-transport : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-core3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-imgcodecs3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-imgproc3.2 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-controller-manager : Depends: libboost-filesystem1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libtinyxml2-6 (>= 5.0.0) but it is not installable
ros-melodic-cv-bridge : Depends: libboost-python1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-regex1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-core3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-imgcodecs3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-imgproc3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: python-opencv but it is not installable
ros-melodic-depth-image-proc : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-core3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-imgproc3.2 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-diagnostic-aggregator : Depends: libboost-filesystem1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-regex1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libtinyxml2-6 (>= 5.0.0) but it is not installable
ros-melodic-diagnostic-common-diagnostics : Depends: python-psutil but it is not installable
ros-melodic-diff-drive-controller : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-dynamic-reconfigure : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-filters : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-gazebo-plugins : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-thread1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libgazebo9 but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libignition-common but it is not installable
Depends: libignition-math4 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-core3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-imgproc3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libprotobuf10 but it is not installable
Depends: libsdformat6 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-gazebo-ros : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-thread1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libgazebo9 but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libignition-common but it is not installable
Depends: libprotobuf10 but it is not installable
Depends: libsdformat6 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-gazebo-ros-control : Depends: libboost-filesystem1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-thread1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libgazebo9 but it is not going to be installed
Depends: libignition-common but it is not installable
Depends: libignition-math4 but it is not installable
Depends: libsdformat6 but it is not installable
Depends: libtinyxml2-6 (>= 5.0.0) but it is not installable
Depends: ros-melodic-control-toolbox but it is not going to be installed
Depends: ros-melodic-transmission-interface but it is not going to be installed
ros-melodic-genmsg : Depends: python-empy but it is not installable
ros-melodic-genpy : Depends: python-yaml but it is not installable
ros-melodic-image-geometry : Depends: libopencv-calib3d3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-core3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-imgproc3.2 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-image-proc : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-core3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-imgproc3.2 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-image-publisher : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-core3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-imgcodecs3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-videoio3.2 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-image-rotate : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-core3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-imgproc3.2 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-image-transport : Depends: libboost-filesystem1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libtinyxml2-6 (>= 5.0.0) but it is not installable
ros-melodic-image-view : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-thread1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-core3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-highgui3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-imgcodecs3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-videoio3.2 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-interactive-marker-tutorials : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: ros-melodic-interactive-markers but it is not going to be installed
ros-melodic-joint-state-controller : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-kdl-parser : Depends: libtinyxml2-6 (>= 5.0.0) but it is not installable
ros-melodic-laser-assembler : Depends: libboost-filesystem1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libtinyxml2-6 (>= 5.0.0) but it is not installable
ros-melodic-laser-filters : Depends: libboost-filesystem1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libtinyxml2-6 (>= 5.0.0) but it is not installable
ros-melodic-laser-geometry : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: python-numpy but it is not installable
ros-melodic-librviz-tutorial : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-nodelet : Depends: libboost-filesystem1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-thread1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libtinyxml2-6 (>= 5.0.0) but it is not installable
ros-melodic-nodelet-tutorial-math : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-pcl-ros : Depends: libboost-filesystem1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libpcl-common1.8 but it is not installable
Depends: libpcl-features1.8 but it is not installable
Depends: libpcl-filters1.8 but it is not installable
Depends: libpcl-io1.8 but it is not installable
Depends: libpcl-search1.8 but it is not installable
Depends: libpcl-segmentation1.8 but it is not installable
Depends: libpcl-surface1.8 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-pluginlib-tutorials : Depends: libboost-filesystem1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libtinyxml2-6 (>= 5.0.0) but it is not installable
ros-melodic-position-controllers : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-python-orocos-kdl : Depends: python-sip-dev but it is not installable
ros-melodic-python-qt-binding : Depends: python-pyqt5 but it is not installable
Depends: python-pyqt5.qtsvg but it is not installable
Depends: python-sip-dev but it is not installable
ros-melodic-qt-dotgraph : Depends: python-pydot but it is not installable
ros-melodic-robot-state-publisher : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-rosbag : Depends: libboost-filesystem1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-program-options1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-regex1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-thread1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: python-gnupg but it is not installable
Depends: python-pycryptodome but it is not installable
Depends: ros-melodic-rosbag-storage but it is not going to be installed
ros-melodic-rosconsole : Depends: libboost-regex1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: liblog4cxx10v5 (>= 0.10.0) but it is not installable
ros-melodic-roscpp : Depends: libboost-chrono1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-filesystem1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-thread1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-roscpp-tutorials : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-thread1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-rosgraph : Depends: python-netifaces but it is not installable
Depends: python-yaml but it is not installable
ros-melodic-roslaunch : Depends: python-paramiko but it is not installable
Depends: python-yaml but it is not installable
ros-melodic-roslib : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-rosmaster : Depends: python-defusedxml but it is not installable
ros-melodic-rospack : Depends: libboost-filesystem1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-program-options1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libtinyxml2-6 (>= 5.0.0) but it is not installable
Depends: python-catkin-pkg-modules but it is not going to be installed
Depends: python-rosdep-modules but it is not going to be installed
ros-melodic-rosparam : Depends: python-yaml but it is not installable
ros-melodic-rospy : Depends: python-numpy but it is not installable
Depends: python-yaml but it is not installable
ros-melodic-rostime : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-roswtf : Depends: python-paramiko but it is not installable
ros-melodic-rqt-bag-plugins : Depends: python-cairo but it is not installable
Depends: python-pil but it is not installable
ros-melodic-rqt-image-view : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-core3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-imgproc3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: ros-melodic-rqt-gui-cpp but it is not going to be installed
ros-melodic-rqt-plot : Depends: python-matplotlib but it is not installable
Depends: python-numpy but it is not installable
ros-melodic-rqt-pose-view : Depends: python-opengl but it is not installable
Depends: ros-melodic-gl-dependency but it is not going to be installed
ros-melodic-rqt-reconfigure : Depends: python-yaml but it is not installable
ros-melodic-rqt-rviz : Depends: libboost-program-options1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: ros-melodic-rqt-gui-cpp but it is not going to be installed
ros-melodic-rqt-top : Depends: python-psutil but it is not installable
ros-melodic-rviz : Depends: libassimp4 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-filesystem1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-program-options1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-thread1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libtinyxml2-6 (>= 5.0.0) but it is not installable
Depends: libyaml-cpp0.5v5 but it is not installable
Depends: ros-melodic-interactive-markers but it is not going to be installed
Depends: ros-melodic-resource-retriever but it is not going to be installed
ros-melodic-rviz-plugin-tutorials : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-thread1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-self-test : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-stage-ros : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-thread1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-stereo-image-proc : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-calib3d3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-core3.2 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-tf : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-thread1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-tf2 : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-tf2-ros : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-thread1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: ros-melodic-tf2-py but it is not going to be installed
ros-melodic-theora-image-transport : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-core3.2 but it is not installable
Depends: libopencv-imgproc3.2 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-turtle-actionlib : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-thread1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-turtle-tf : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-turtle-tf2 : Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
ros-melodic-urdf : Depends: libboost-filesystem1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libboost-system1.65.1 but it is not installable
Depends: libtinyxml2-6 (>= 5.0.0) but it is not installable
ros-melodic-urdfdom-py : Depends: python-yaml but it is not installable
ros-melodic-webkit-dependency : Depends: python-pyqt5.qtwebkit but it is not installable
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
我试图专注于错误
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
但从未找到安装 ROS 的解决方案。我使用 Synaptic 包管理器来修复和删除任何损坏的包，并试图解除每个包以解决问题，但没有任何效果。
有谁知道如何解决这个问题？谢谢！
【问题讨论】：