如何解决“无法执行语句；SQL [n/a]；约束 [编号]；”？答案

【问题标题】：How to resolve "could not execute statement; SQL [n/a]; constraint [numbering];"?如何解决“无法执行语句；SQL [n/a]；约束 [编号]；”？
【发布时间】：2014-03-10 18:10:30
【问题描述】：

如何解决“无法执行语句；SQL [n/a]；约束[编号]；”？

org.springframework.dao.DataIntegrityViolationException: 不能执行语句； SQL [不适用]；约束[编号]；嵌套异常是 org.hibernate.exception.ConstraintViolationException: 不能执行语句 org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.SessionFactoryUtils.convertHibernateAccessException(SessionFactoryUtils.java:643) org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaDialect.translateExceptionIfPossible(HibernateJpaDialect.java:106) org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager.doCommit(JpaTransactionManager.java:517) org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.processCommit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:755) org.springframework.transaction.support.AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.commit(AbstractPlatformTransactionManager.java:724) org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.commitTransactionAfterReturning(TransactionAspectSupport.java:475) org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:270) org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:94) org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172) org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:204) com.sun.proxy.$Proxy132.saveListForm(null:-1) sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:-2) sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.executeMethodOn(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:333) org.springframework.data.repository.core.support.RepositoryFactorySupport$QueryExecutorMethodInterceptor.invoke(RepositoryFactorySupport.java:308) org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172) org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor$1.proceedWithInvocation(TransactionInterceptor.java:96) org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionAspectSupport.invokeWithinTransaction(TransactionAspectSupport.java:260) org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionInterceptor.invoke(TransactionInterceptor.java:94) org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172) org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:155) org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172) org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.support.LockModeRepositoryPostProcessor$LockModePopulatingMethodIntercceptor.invoke(LockModeRepositoryPostProcessor.java:92) org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172) org.springframework.aop.interceptor.ExposeInvocationInterceptor.invoke(ExposeInvocationInterceptor.java:91) org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172) org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:204) com.sun.proxy.$Proxy133.saveListForm(null:-1) sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:-2) sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:317) org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:183) org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:150) org.springframework.dao.support.PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.invoke(PersistenceExceptionTranslationInterceptor.java:155) org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172) org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:204) com.sun.proxy.$Proxy134.saveListForm(null:-1) com.qmplus.service.impl.ServiceListFormVersionImpl.save(ServiceListFormVersionImpl.java:93) sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:-2) sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) org.springframework.aop.support.AopUtils.invokeJoinpointUsingReflection(AopUtils.java:317) org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.invokeJoinpoint(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:183) org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:150) org.springframework.security.access.intercept.aopalliance.MethodSecurityInterceptor.invoke(MethodSecurityInterceptor.java:64) org.springframework.aop.framework.ReflectiveMethodInvocation.proceed(ReflectiveMethodInvocation.java:172) org.springframework.aop.framework.JdkDynamicAopProxy.invoke(JdkDynamicAopProxy.java:204) com.sun.proxy.$Proxy135.save(null:-1) com.qmplus.web.controller.ListFormController.save(ListFormController.java:158) com.qmplus.web.controller.ListFormController$$FastClassByCGLIB$$febe95eb.invoke(:-1) org.springframework.cglib.proxy.MethodProxy.invoke(MethodProxy.java:204) org.springframework.aop.framework.CglibAopProxy$DynamicAdvisedInterceptor.intercept(CglibAopProxy.java:627) com.qmplus.web.controller.ListFormController$$EnhancerByCGLIB$$5bb46747.save(:-1) sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:-2) sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57) sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43) java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606) org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:219) org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:132) org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:104) org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandleMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:745) org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:686) org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:80) org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:925) org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:856) org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:936) org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:838) javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:647) org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.service(FrameworkServlet.java:812) javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:728) org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:305) org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210) org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter.doFilterInternal(HiddenHttpMethodFilter.java:77) org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243) org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210) com.github.dandelion.datatables.core.web.filter.DatatablesFilter.doFilter(DatatablesFilter.java:73) org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243) org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210) net.bull.javamelody.MonitoringFilter.doFilter(MonitoringFilter.java:164) org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243) org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210) com.qmplus.web.interceptors.TenantFilter.doFilter(TenantFilter.java:60) org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243) org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210) org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:330) org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor.invoke(FilterSecurityInterceptor.java:118) org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor.doFilter(FilterSecurityInterceptor.java:84) org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342) com.qmplus.web.util.AjaxTimeoutRedirectFilter.doFilter(AjaxTimeoutRedirectFilter.java:47) org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342) org.springframework.security.web.access.ExceptionTranslationFilter.doFilter(ExceptionTranslationFilter.java:113) org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342) org.springframework.security.web.session.SessionManagementFilter.doFilter(SessionManagementFilter.java:103) org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342) org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.doFilter(AnonymousAuthenticationFilter.java:113) org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342) org.springframework.security.web.authentication.rememberme.RememberMeAuthenticationFilter.doFilter(RememberMeAuthenticationFilter.java:146) org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342) org.springframework.security.web.servletapi.SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextHolderAwareRequestFilter.java:54) org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342) org.springframework.security.web.savedrequest.RequestCacheAwareFilter.doFilter(RequestCacheAwareFilter.java:45) org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342) org.springframework.security.web.authentication.www.BasicAuthenticationFilter.doFilter(BasicAuthenticationFilter.java:150) org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342) org.springframework.security.web.authentication.AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.doFilter(AbstractAuthenticationProcessingFilter.java:183) org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342) org.springframework.security.web.authentication.logout.LogoutFilter.doFilter(LogoutFilter.java:105) org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342) org.springframework.security.web.session.ConcurrentSessionFilter.doFilter(ConcurrentSessionFilter.java:125) org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342) org.springframework.security.web.context.SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.doFilter(SecurityContextPersistenceFilter.java:87) org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy$VirtualFilterChain.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:342) org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilterInternal(FilterChainProxy.java:192) org.springframework.security.web.FilterChainProxy.doFilter(FilterChainProxy.java:160) org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.invokeDelegate(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:343) org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy.doFilter(DelegatingFilterProxy.java:260) org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243) org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210) com.github.dandelion.datatables.extras.servlet2.filter.DatatablesFilter.doFilter(DatatablesFilter.java:71) org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243) org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210) org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter.doFilterInternal(CharacterEncodingFilter.java:88) org.springframework.web.filter.OncePerRequestFilter.doFilter(OncePerRequestFilter.java:107) org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243) org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210) net.bull.javamelody.MonitoringFilter.doFilter(MonitoringFilter.java:202) net.bull.javamelody.MonitoringFilter.doFilter(MonitoringFilter.java:180) org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:243) org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210) org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:222) org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:123) org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:502) org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:171) org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:99) org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:953) org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118) org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service（CoyoteAdapter.java:408） org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1023) org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:589) org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:312) java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145) java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615) java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:724)

【问题讨论】：

我知道我在 repo 中忘记了 @Repository

标签： java hibernate

【解决方案1】：

在我的情况下，当我尝试将对象保存在 hibernate 或其他具有 null 属性的对象映射中时，该属性在数据库表中不能为 null。当您尝试保存对象但保存操作不符合表的约束时会发生这种情况。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

Hibernate 尝试插入违反底层数据库完整性约束的数据。

hibernate 持久类和/或映射配置中可能存在错误配置（*.hbm.xml 或持久类中的注释）。

可能您要保存的 bean 的属性与其在数据库中的相关字段类型不兼容（可以解释 constraint [numbering] 部分）。

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

在我的例子中，我从数据库中获取数据，更改了一些列值并在数据库中更新它，但是为了更新，我使用了相同的保存查询，这违反了主键约束，即主键的重复值，所以我写了用于更新列的单独查询，它解决了我的问题..！

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

就我而言，我有一个 OneToOne 关系，我错误地使用了 @Column。我将其更改为@JoinColumn 并添加了@OneToOne 注释并修复了异常。

【讨论】：

【解决方案5】：

总体而言：您坚持违反数据库规则的实体，例如保存具有超过 250 个字符的 varchar 字段的实体，类似这样。

在我的情况下，TestEntityManager 是一个棘手的问题，因为它使用 HSQL 数据库/内存数据库/并且它会保留用户，但是当您尝试找到它时，它会丢弃相同的异常：/

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes= Application.class)
@DataJpaTest
@ActiveProfiles("test")
public class UserServicesTests {

@Autowired
private TestEntityManager testEntityManager;

@Autowired
private UserRepository userRepository;

@Test
public void oops() {
    User user = new User();
    user.setUsername("Toshko");
    //EMAIL IS REQUIRED:
    //user.setEmail("OPS");
    this.testEntityManager.persist(user);

    //HERE COMES TE EXCEPTION BECAUSE THE EMAIL FIELD IN TE DATABASE IS REQUIRED :
    this.userRepository.findUserByUsername("Toshko");

    System.out.println();
}
}

【讨论】：

【解决方案6】：

未来的读者。

我很幸运地解决了这些问题......使用这种方法：

private static final org.slf4j.Logger logger = org.slf4j.LoggerFactory.getLogger(MyDaoObject.class);

@Transactional
public void save(MyObject item) {


    try {
         /* this is whatever code you have already...this is just an example */
        entityManager.persist(item);
        entityManager.flush();
    }
    catch(Exception ex)
    {
        /* below works in conjunction with concrete logging framework */
        logger.error(ex.getMessage(), ex);
        throw ex;
    }
}

现在，slf4j 只是一个门面（接口、适配器）......你需要一个具体的。

在选择 log4j2 时，要持久化

%throwable

所以你不是盲目的，你可以在下面的 URL 看到 %throwable （关于你如何定义 %throwable 以便它显示在日志中。如果你不使用 log4j2 作为具体的，你将不得不找出您的日志记录框架的 %throwable 版本）

https://www.baeldung.com/log4j2-appenders-layouts-filters

%throwable 在记录时将包含 actual SQL 异常。

如果 throwable 让你大惊小怪，你可以这样做（下面不是很好，因为它会进行递归日志调用）

@Transactional
public void save(MyObject item) {


    try {
         /* this is whatever code you have already...this is just an example */
        entityManager.persist(item);
        entityManager.flush();
    catch(Exception ex)
    {
        logger.error(ex.getMessage(), ex);
        //throw ex;
        Throwable thr = ex;
        /* recursive logging warning !!! could perform very poorly, not for production....alternate idea is to use Stringbuilder and log the stringbuilder result */
        while (null != thr) {
            logger.error(thr.getMessage(), thr);
            thr = thr.getCause();
        }
    }
}

【讨论】：

【解决方案7】：

我遇到了同样的错误，但我已通过以下方式解决了该问题：

提供 bean/model 类的所有强制文件
不要贬低唯一约束的概念，在唯一约束中提供唯一值。

【讨论】：

【解决方案8】：

我最后的解决方案是显式添加这样的 JoinColumn 注释：

@JoinColumn(name="mapping_type_id")

如果有id字段，列名通常是表名+“_id”。此外，请记住它应该基于关系的哪个字段，OneToMany 或 ManyToOne。

希望这会有所帮助。

【讨论】：

【解决方案9】：

如果您尝试在 Table 列中插入数字以外的数字，则会收到 Constraint[numbering] 错误。

尝试插入唯一的数字（或）使您的表格列变为字符类型

【讨论】：

【解决方案10】：

在我的情况下，问题是在将 UUID 列添加到给定表之后产生的。

此代码无效：

        @Column
        private UUID uuid;

但是这个确实有效：

        @Column
        @Type(type="uuid-char")
        private UUID uuid;

【讨论】：