numpy 轮廓：TypeError：输入 z 必须是二维数组

Question

我有列表格式的数据。

看起来像这样：

[(x_1, y_1, Z_1),...(x_i, y_j, z_k),...(x_p, y_q, z_r)]

对于每个 x 和 y，都有一个 z。 X、Y、Z的长度分别为p、q、r(=p*q)。

我打算绘制一个以 X 和 Y 为网格，Z 为要绘制的值的等高线图。

我有以下代码（仅代表）：

import csv
import sys
import statistics
import numpy as np
from scipy.interpolate import UnivariateSpline
from matplotlib import pyplot as plt
...........

#format of data = [(x, y, z)......]

#x, y, z are lists

X = [X1,..........,Xp] #length, p 

Y = [Y1,..........,Yq] #length, q

Z = [Z1,..........,Zpq] #length, pq

#np.mesh

X1, Y1 = np.meshgrid(X, Y)

plt.figure()
CS = plt.contour(X1, Y1, Z)
plt.clabel(CS, inline=1, fontsize=10)

我收到以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:/Users/uname/PycharmProjects/waferZoning/contour.py", line 49, in <module>
    CS = plt.contour(X1, Y1, Z)
  File "C:\Users\uname\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\pyplot.py", line 2766, in contour
    ret = ax.contour(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\uname\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\__init__.py", line 1811, in inner
    return func(ax, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\uname\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\axes\_axes.py", line 5640, in contour
    return mcontour.QuadContourSet(self, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\uname\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\contour.py", line 1428, in __init__
    ContourSet.__init__(self, ax, *args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\uname\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\contour.py", line 873, in __init__
    self._process_args(*args, **kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\uname\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\contour.py", line 1445, in _process_args
    x, y, z = self._contour_args(args, kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\uname\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\contour.py", line 1532, in _contour_args
    x, y, z = self._check_xyz(args[:3], kwargs)
  File "C:\Users\uname\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35\lib\site-packages\matplotlib\contour.py", line 1566, in _check_xyz
    raise TypeError("Input z must be a 2D array.")
TypeError: Input z must be a 2D array.

我明白错误是什么，但我无法纠正它。

我不能给出 MWE，但我想我已经把我的问题说得很清楚了。

https://www.dropbox.com/s/33jmfcjzikl4w5g/contour_synthetic.txt?dl=0

Answer 1

你需要有一个z，其长度等于x和y的长度的乘积：

assert len(z) == (len(x) * len(y))

将z 设为二维数组：

z = np.array(z)
z = z.reshape((len(x), len(y)))

这里是一个 MCVE：

x = np.arange(5)
y = np.arange(5)
z = np.arange(25).reshape(5, 5)
x1, y1 = np.meshgrid(x, y)
plt.contour(x1, y1, z)

确保您的数据是这样的结构。