Perl：如何通过引用子传递数组元素

Question

我是从 C/C++ 背景来到 Perl 的，进展非常缓慢，所以请多多包涵...

我有一个哈希数组，我想将数组中的一个元素传递给一个子例程（通过引用），在该子例程中该元素将被修改。

use strict;
use warnings;

use Data::Dumper;

my @array;
my %hash;

$hash{'key1'} = 1;
$hash{'key2'} = 2;
$hash{'key3'} = 3;
$hash{'key4'} = 4;
push @array, {%hash};

$hash{'key1'} = 10;
$hash{'key2'} = 20;
$hash{'key3'} = 30;
$hash{'key4'} = 40;
push @array, {%hash};

# Expect:
#   @array[0] like 1,2,3,4
#   @array[1] like 10,20,30,40
print Dumper(@array); 

doChange(\@array[1]); # <<==== THIS IS THE BIT WHERE I NEED ASSISTANCE TO PASS ARRAY ELEMENT BY REFERENCE, IF POSSIBLE

# Expect:
#   @array[0] like 1,2,3,4
#   @array[1] like 100,200,300,400 <<== VALUES HAVE CHANGED
print Dumper(@array);      

sub doChange
{
    my %h = @_; # <<===  THIS IS NOT RIGHT EITHER!?

    $h{'key1'} = 100;
    $h{'key2'} = 200;
    $h{'key3'} = 300;
    $h{'key4'} = 400;
}

Answer 1

这很有趣。

use strict;
use warnings;

use Data::Dumper;

my @array;
my $hash;

$hash = {}; # initialise to a blank hash.
$hash->{'key1'} = 1;
$hash->{'key2'} = 2;
$hash->{'key3'} = 3;
$hash->{'key4'} = 4;
push @array, $hash;

$hash = {};  # initialise to a blank hash.
$hash->{'key1'} = 10;
$hash->{'key2'} = 20;
$hash->{'key3'} = 30;
$hash->{'key4'} = 40;
push @array, $hash;

# Expect:
#   @array[0] like 1,2,3,4
#   @array[1] like 10,20,30,40
print Dumper(\@array);   # Dumper takes a reference.

doChange($array[1]); # pass a pointer (reference) to the hash.

# Expect:
#   @array[0] like 1,2,3,4
#   @array[1] like 100,200,300,400 <<== VALUES HAVE CHANGED
print Dumper(\@array);

sub doChange
{
    my $h = shift; # Get the pointer to your hash.

    $h->{'key1'} = 100;  # mess with it.
    $h->{'key2'} = 200;
    $h->{'key3'} = 300;
    $h->{'key4'} = 400;
}