【发布时间】:2014-03-05 21:46:22
【问题描述】:
我正在尝试以 csv 格式下载 Google 趋势数据。对于基本查询,我已经成功了(在 Christoph Riedl 的 blog post 之后)。
问题:默认情况下,从 2004 年 1 月开始返回趋势。我希望它从 2011 年 1 月开始返回趋势。但是,当我向 url 请求添加日期参数时,它会被完全忽略。我不确定如何克服这个问题。
以下是重现问题的代码。
# Just copy/paste this stuff - these are helper functions
require(RCurl)
# This gets the GALX cookie which we need to pass back with the login form
getGALX <- function(curl) {
txt = basicTextGatherer()
curlPerform( url=loginURL, curl=curl, writefunction=txt$update, header=TRUE, ssl.verifypeer=FALSE )
tmp <- txt$value()
val <- grep("Cookie: GALX", strsplit(tmp, "\n")[[1]], val = TRUE)
strsplit(val, "[:=;]")[[1]][3]
return( strsplit( val, "[:=;]")[[1]][3])
}
# Function to perform Google login and get cookies ready
gLogin <- function(username, password) {
ch <- getCurlHandle()
ans <- (curlSetOpt(curl = ch,
ssl.verifypeer = FALSE,
useragent = getOption('HTTPUserAgent', "R"),
timeout = 60,
followlocation = TRUE,
cookiejar = "./cookies",
cookiefile = ""))
galx <- getGALX(ch)
authenticatePage <- postForm(authenticateURL, .params=list(Email=username, Passwd=password, GALX=galx, PersistentCookie="yes", continue="http://www.google.com/trends"), curl=ch)
authenticatePage2 <- getURL("http://www.google.com", curl=ch)
if(getCurlInfo(ch)$response.code == 200) {
print("Google login successful!")
} else {
print("Google login failed!")
}
return(ch)
}
# returns string w/o leading or trailing whitespace
trim <- function (x) gsub("^\\s+|\\s+$", "", x)
get_interest_over_time <- function(res, clean.col.names = TRUE) {
# remove all text before "Interest over time" data block begins
data <- gsub(".*Interest over time", "", res)
# remove all text after "Interest over time" data block ends
data <- gsub("\n\n.*", "", data)
# convert "interest over time" data block into data.frame
data.df <- read.table(text = data, sep =",", header=TRUE)
# Split data range into to only end of week date
data.df$Week <- gsub(".*\\s-\\s", "", data.df$Week)
data.df$Week <- as.Date(data.df$Week)
# clean column names
if(clean.col.names == TRUE) colnames(data.df) <- gsub("\\.\\..*", "", colnames(data.df))
# return "interest over time" data.frame
return(data.df)
}
请在您的浏览器中登录 Google(例如登录 gmail)。在 R 中运行以下内容:
# Username and password
username <- "email@address"
password <- "password"
# Login and Authentication URLs
loginURL <- "https://accounts.google.com/accounts/ServiceLogin"
authenticateURL <- "https://accounts.google.com/accounts/ServiceLoginAuth"
trendsURL <- "http://www.google.com/trends/TrendsRepport?"
# Google authentication
ch <- gLogin( username, password )
authenticatePage2 <- getURL("http://www.google.com", curl=ch)
以下成功返回 2004 年 1 月以来的 google 趋势数据(即无日期参数)
res <- getForm(trendsURL, q="ggplot2, ggplot", content=1, export=1, graph="all_csv", curl=ch)
df <- get_interest_over_time(res)
head(df)
Week ggplot2 ggplot
1 2004-01-10 0 0
2 2004-01-17 0 0
3 2004-01-24 0 0
4 2004-01-31 0 0
5 2004-02-07 0 0
6 2004-02-14 0 0
但是,添加日期参数以返回从 2013 年 1 月开始的趋势将被忽略
res <- getForm(trendsURL, q="ggplot2, ggplot", date = "1/2013 11m", content=1, export=1, graph="all_csv", curl=ch)
df <- get_interest_over_time(res)
head(df)
Week ggplot2 ggplot
1 2004-01-10 0 0
2 2004-01-17 0 0
3 2004-01-24 0 0
4 2004-01-31 0 0
5 2004-02-07 0 0
6 2004-02-14 0 0
注意 1:cat=category 参数也会发生同样的情况。以上只是更容易显示日期。
注意 2:由于 Google 会根据开始日期重新调整数据,因此这不是简单地过滤 data.frame 的情况。我对为什么忽略 date 参数感兴趣。
感谢您的宝贵时间。
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