值错误：“DoctorPerHospital.doc_id”必须是“DoctorUserProfile”实例

Question

我有一个由 Django 用户模型扩展的 DoctorUserProfile。 我有另一个模型 DoctorPerHospital，它扩展了 DoctorUserProfile 来存储与特定医生相关的数据。

我使用 DRF 创建 API，并创建了一个 API，它将数据添加到 DoctorPerHospital 模型并将当前用户的 DoctorUserProfile 链接到它。 我正面临错误说应该实例 模型.py

class DoctorUserProfile(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(User, null=True, blank=True)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    age = models.CharField(max_length=10)
    gender = models.CharField(max_length=10)
    spec = models.CharField(max_length=50, choices=DOCTOR_TYPE, null=True, blank=True, db_index=True)
    education = models.CharField(max_length=50, choices=DOCTOR_EDU, default=PHY, db_index=True)
    profile_image = VersatileImageField('doctor_images', upload_to="doctor_images/", null=True, blank=True)
    experience = models.CharField(max_length=100, null=True, blank=True)
    speciality = models.ForeignKey(Specialities, on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True, blank=True)

class Meta:
    app_label = 'pwave'

def __str__(self):
    return '%s' % (self.name)



class DoctorPerHospital(models.Model):
    doc_id = models.ForeignKey(DoctorUserProfile, null=True, blank=True)
    hospital = models.ForeignKey(HospitalUserProfile, on_delete=models.CASCADE, null=True, blank=True)
    appointment_cost = models.DecimalField(max_digits=8, decimal_places=2, default=0)
    discount = models.DecimalField(max_digits=8, decimal_places=2, default=0)
    discounted_cost = models.DecimalField(max_digits=8, decimal_places=2, default=0)

class Meta:
    app_label = 'pwave'

def __str__(self):
    return '%s' %(self.doc_id)

序列化器.py

class DoctorInfoSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = DoctorUserProfile
        fields = ('id','user','name','age','gender','spec','education',
            'profile_image','experience','speciality')
        read_only_fields = ('user',)

class DoctorPerHospitalSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):
    class Meta:
        model = DoctorPerHospital
        fields = ('id','doc_id','hospital','appointment_cost','discount','discounted_cost')
        read_only_fields = ('doc_id',)

views.py

class DoctorPerHospitalViewSet(viewsets.ModelViewSet):
    queryset = DoctorPerHospital.objects.all()
    serializer_class = DoctorPerHospitalSerializer

    def create(self, request):
        serializer = self.serializer_class(data=request.data)
        if serializer.is_valid():
            profile = serializer.save()
            current_user = DoctorUserProfile.objects.get(user=request.user)
            print(current_user.id)
            profile.doc_id = current_user.id
            profile.save()
            return Response(serializer.validated_data)
        return Response({
            'status': 'Bad request',
            'message': 'Account could not be created with provided data'
            }, status=status.HTTP_400_BAD_REQUEST)

错误说明如下：

Answer 1

您当前的模型和序列化程序存在几个问题。

首先doc_id 在DoctorPerHospital 模型中被错误命名。它应该是doc，因为 Django ORM 将使用模型实例。请注意，如果它被命名为doc，那么您将有一个额外的字段来表示存储在数据库中的密钥，即doc_id - 即<foreign key field name>_id

接下来，您应该将 DoctorUserProfile 模型的用户 ForeignKey 更改为 OneToOneField，这将确保您的 DoctorUserProfile 和您的 User 之间存在一对一的关系

最后是关于序列化程序的创建。 doc 是 DoctorUserProfile 实例，而 request.user 是 User 实例。您应该使用反向的DoctorUserProfile 用户从User 实例中获取配置文件。