Python，Django：跨应用程序的外键不起作用

Question

Python：3.6.2 Django：1.11.4

我们正在尝试跨应用使用外键。客户和代理都使用地址。我们也在使用内联框架集。如果我将所有这些都放在一个应用程序中，它可以正常工作，包括内联框架集。如果我拆分为多个应用程序，则会出现此错误。请看下面的图片。

Foreignkey error

File "C:/Users/palak/Desktop/mergemodels\apps\sharedmodels\models.py", line         15, in <module>
class Address(models.Model):
File "C:/Users/palak/Desktop/mergemodels\apps\sharedmodels\models.py", line 16, in Address
    agent = models.Foreignkey('apps.agent.Agent')
TypeError: object() takes no parameters

Project folder structure

<BLOCKQUOTE>

应用程序（文件夹）
代理（应用程序）
模型.py
客户（应用程序）
模型.py
共享模型（应用程序）
模型.py

请注意以上文件夹结构的应用程序。

sharedmodels/models.py

from django.db import models
#from apps.agent.models import Agent

class ContactInfo(models.Model):
    mobile_no = models.CharField(max_length=8)
    phone_no = models.CharField(max_length=10)
class Location(models.Model):
    location_name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    city = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True, null=True)
    state = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True, null=True)
class Address(models.Model):
    #agent = models.Foreignkey(Agent)
    address1 = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    address2 = models.CharField(max_length=100)

代理/models.py

from django.db import models
from apps.sharedmodels.models import Location, Address, ContactInfo

class Agent(models.Model):
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=20)
    location = models.ManyToManyField(Location)
    address = models.Foreignkey(Address)
    contactinfo = models.OneToOneField(ContactInfo)

客户/models.py

from django.db import models
#from apps.agent.models import Agent, Address
from apps.sharedmodels.models import ContactInfo, Address

class Customer(models.Model):
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=10)
    #address = models.OneToOneField(Address)
    contactinfo = models.OneToOneField(ContactInfo)
    address = models.Foreignkey(Address)

Settings.py - installapps 部分

# Application definition
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    'apps.customer',
    'apps.agent',
    'apps.sharedmodels',
    'django.contrib.admin',
    'django.contrib.auth',
    'django.contrib.contenttypes',
    'django.contrib.sessions',
    'django.contrib.messages',
    'django.contrib.staticfiles',
]

Answer 1

设置外键为字符串foreignkey

agent = models.Foreignkey('agent.Agent')
#                         ^^^^^^^

sharedmodels/models.py

from django.db import models


class ContactInfo(models.Model):
    mobile_no = models.CharField(max_length=8)
    phone_no = models.CharField(max_length=10)


class Location(models.Model):
    location_name = models.CharField(max_length=50)
    city = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True, null=True)
    state = models.CharField(max_length=20, blank=True, null=True)


class Address(models.Model):
    agent = models.ForeignKey('agent.Agent', related_name='addresses')
    address1 = models.CharField(max_length=100)
    address2 = models.CharField(max_length=100)

代理/models.py

from django.db import models


class Agent(models.Model):
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=20)
    location = models.ManyToManyField('sharedmodels.Location')
    address = models.ForeignKey('sharedmodels.Address', related_name='agents')
    contactinfo = models.OneToOneField('sharedmodels.ContactInfo')


from django.db import models

客户/models.py

class Customer(models.Model):
    first_name = models.CharField(max_length=10)
    contactinfo = models.OneToOneField('sharedmodels.ContactInfo')
    address = models.ForeignKey('sharedmodels.Address')