如何使用 matplotlib 调整 3D 条形图的条宽

Question

如何调整条形图条的宽度。这篇文章附上了一张图片，显示了实际情况。正如我们可以看到的标签，显示年份，从 2011 年到 2015 年。

我正在寻找一种解决方案来减小沿 y 轴的各个条的宽度。我尝试了许多随机解决方案，这些解决方案可以在线获取，但没有任何效果。

给定的图像实际上是 3D 图形，但由于视图清晰，仅显示了 2D 图片。

请帮忙：

from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import Axes3D
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
from matplotlib import cm

data = np.array([[0,6,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,2,3,0,2,2,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2],
                 [3,3,5,3,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,4,0,0,4,2,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,2,2,2,0,2,0,0],
                 [0,0,7,5,0,10,5,0,0,0,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,0,0,2,4,3,3,2,0,0,0,0,0,3,2,3,2,3,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,0],
                 [0,0,0,4,0,2,3,2,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,2,0,0],
                 [5,0,2,2,0,2,0,0,0,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,3,5,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,2,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0], ])

#data = data.transpose()

row_names = ['Ch','Bi','Ba','Ho','Ja','Pu','N','Ga','Ke','Ma','Me','Ti','Ka','Th','Di','Wa','Ha','My','Tu','Ma','Bi','Ut Ka','Ra','Da','Ch','Ko','B','Bid','Gu','D&N','Ra','Pu','San','Dhu','Jal','Gon','Gand','Alw','Jal','SAS','Gur','Pat','Hos','Lu','Pan','Kur','Jan']


column_names = ["2011","2012","2013","2014","2015"]



fig = plt.figure()
ax = Axes3D(fig)


xpos = np.arange(0,lx,1)    
ypos = np.arange(0,ly,1)
xpos, ypos = np.meshgrid(xpos+0.5, ypos+0.5)

xpos = xpos.flatten()  
ypos = ypos.flatten()
zpos = np.ones(lx*ly)*1e-10

dx = 1. * np.ones_like(zpos)
dy = dx.copy()
dz = data.flatten()
print dz
cs = ['r', 'g', 'b', 'y', 'c'] * ly

values = np.linspace(0.2, 1., xpos.ravel().shape[0])
colors = cm.rainbow(values)

ticksx = np.arange(1, len(row_names)+1,1)
plt.xticks(ticksx, row_names)

z_data = np.random.rand(0,10)

ticksy = np.arange(0.5, len(column_names),1)
plt.yticks(ticksy, column_names)

#ax.tick_params(width=2, colors='r')



ax.w_xaxis.set_ticklabels(row_names,rotation=90,size=12)

ax.w_yaxis.set_ticklabels(column_names,rotation=40,size=12)

ax.bar3d(xpos,ypos,zpos, dx, dy, dz,   alpha=0.7, zsort='max',color=colors)
plt.ion()

plt.show()
raw_input(" " )

更新： 将“dx”值从 1 减少到 0.5，减少了条形宽度，但现在它显示了条形之间的巨大填充，我想完全删除。

最后更新： 我又附上了一张图片。我期待这种 3D 条形图具有减小的条形宽度（完成），并最小化条形之间的间隙。

Answer 1

呼叫签名或bar3d是

ax.bar3d(xpos,ypos,zpos, dx, dy, dz,...)

其中dx 和dy 是条的宽度和深度。因此，通过向dx 提供不同的数组或数字来更改宽度。例如。要拥有 0.5 宽的条，请使用

ax.bar3d(..., dx=0.5, ...)

如果你想改变轴的宽度，你可以查看this question。在这里实现这个解决方案，

ax.bar3d(xpos,ypos,zpos, 1, 1, dz,   alpha=0.7, zsort='max',color=colors)
ax.get_proj = lambda: np.dot(Axes3D.get_proj(ax), np.diag([1,0.4, 1, 1]))

会给出：