如何同时使用 Sum、Cast 和 Partition by 函数？

Question

如何同时使用 Sum、Cast 和 Partition by 函数？

我得到错误。

将 nvarchar 值“693.41”转换为数据时转换失败 输入整数。”

我试过了

SUM(CAST([total price] AS INT)) OVER (PARTITION BY (ProjectType)) as TotalPriceV2

完整查询如下。

SELECT 
    ID,
    [Project Manager], 
    Job#, 
    [Date], 
    [Job Type],
    first_value([Job Name]) OVER (PARTITION BY value_partition ORDER BY ID) CustomerGroup, Value_Partition 
    Customer,
    [Sales Rep1],
    DeliveryType,
    ProjectType,
    [Item Price],
    [Service Price],
    [Total Price],
    SUM(CAST([total price] AS INT)) OVER (PARTITION BY (ProjectType)) as TotalPriceV2
FROM (
    SELECT 
    ID,
    [Project Manager], Job#, [Date], [Job Type], [Job Name],Customer,[Sales Rep1],DeliveryType,ProjectType,[Item Price],[Service Price],[Total Price],
    SUM(CASE WHEN [JOB NAME] IS NULL THEN 0 ELSE 1 END) OVER (ORDER BY ID) AS Value_Partition   
    FROM Testing2
    WHERE 
    [Date] IS NOT NULL AND 
    ([Date]  NOT LIKE '0' OR JOB# NOT LIKE '0' OR [JOB TYPE] NOT LIKE '0')
    AND [Project Manager] NOT LIKE 'ITEM / SERVICE'
) AS X

Answer 1

首先，找出有问题的行。您正在转换为int，所以：

select price
from Testing2
where try_convert(int, price) is null and price is not null;

至少一些值会有小数点（如您的示例中所示）。要查看这是否是唯一的问题，我建议接下来转换为小数：

select price
from Testing2
where try_convert(decimal(20, 4), price) is null and price is not null;

如果这不返回任何内容，则说明您已设置。如果没有，您将需要弄清楚如何解决这些异常。

然后，我将使用 decimals 而不是浮点数来表达计算：

SUM(TRY_CAST([total price] AS DECIMAL(20, 4))) OVER (PARTITION BY (ProjectType)) as TotalPriceV2

货币金额通常应使用定点值而不是近似浮点值来表示。浮点值的问题是信息可能会丢失。以reals 为例：

select cast(1000000 as real) + cast(0.01 as real),
       cast(1000000 as decimal(20, 4)) + cast(0.01 as decimal(20, 4))

Answer 2

整数没有十进制值，它会抛出错误。

如果我使用它，类似于您的示例。

Declare @val nvarchar(10) = '10.24' 

select   cast (@val as int) 

我收到以下错误。

Msg 245, Level 16, State 1, Line 3
Conversion failed when converting the nvarchar value '10.24' to data type int.

现在为了避免这个错误，我可以将数字四舍五入到小数点后 0 位并转换为 Int。另外，如果您使用的是 sql server 2012 或更高版本，我建议使用 Try_Cast 来避免任何实际 nvarchar 值的情况（它会将其转换为 null）。

 Declare @val nvarchar(10) = '10.24' 

select   Try_cast (round(@val,0) as int)   as valuen

输出，我认为这将在您的 sum 函数中起作用。

valuen
10

Answer 3

你为什么不用十进制（16,9）而不是int在内部查询中转换它

SELECT 
    ID,
    [Project Manager], 
    Job#, 
    [Date], 
    [Job Type],
    first_value([Job Name]) OVER (PARTITION BY value_partition ORDER BY ID) CustomerGroup, Value_Partition 
    Customer,
    [Sales Rep1],
    DeliveryType,
    ProjectType,
    [Item Price],
    [Service Price],
    [Total Price],
    SUM([total price]) OVER (PARTITION BY (ProjectType)) as TotalPriceV2
FROM (
    SELECT 
    ID,
    [Project Manager], Job#, [Date], [Job Type], [Job Name],Customer,[Sales Rep1],DeliveryType,ProjectType,[Item Price],[Service Price],cast([Total Price] as decimal(16,9)) as [Total Price],
    SUM(CASE WHEN [JOB NAME] IS NULL THEN 0 ELSE 1 END) OVER (ORDER BY ID) AS Value_Partition   
    FROM Testing2
    WHERE 
    [Date] IS NOT NULL AND 
    ([Date]  NOT LIKE '0' OR JOB# NOT LIKE '0' OR [JOB TYPE] NOT LIKE '0')
    AND [Project Manager] NOT LIKE 'ITEM / SERVICE'
) AS X

Answer 4

如果您将字符串和数字组合作为列值，并且您想对数字求和。对于SQL Server 2012+，您可以使用TRY_CAST 或TRY_CONVERT 来避免任何转换错误。

TRY_CAST (Transact-SQL)

在您的场景中，您没有使用正确的数据类型进行转换，您的值如 693.41 不能转换为 INT，而您应该使用 DECIMAL 数据类型。

还有一个建议，不要使用NOT LIKE，最好在SQL Server 中使用<>，如下所示。

改变

 ([Date]  NOT LIKE '0' OR JOB# NOT LIKE '0' OR [JOB TYPE] NOT LIKE '0')

到

 ([Date] <> '0' OR JOB# <> '0' OR [JOB TYPE] <> '0')

Answer 5

一种可能的解决方案是先将 nvarchar 值转换为十进制，然后再转换为整数：

CAST(CAST([total price] AS FLOAT) AS INT)

但是，如果对您很重要，这样小数部分就会丢失。