使用 globbing 模式时 grunt-contrib-concat 的奇怪行为

Question

我正在使用 grunt，我想按特定顺序连接某个目录中的所有 js 文件（这是一个 Angular js 应用程序，所以我想先定义我的模块，然后再进行其他所有操作）。我的 grunt concat 目标看起来像：

concat: {

    mobile: {
        expand: true,
        cwd: "static/javascript/mobile/app/",
        src: ["main-module.js", "**/*-module.js", "**/*.js", "!static/javascript/mobile/dist/*"],
        dest: "static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js"
    }
}

上面的配置似乎应该连接 main-module.js，然后是所有其他 module.js 文件，然后是其他所有文件，省略 dist 文件夹中的所有内容。但是，当使用 --verbose 运行 grunt 时，结果类似于：

Running "concat:mobile" (concat) task
Verifying property concat.mobile exists in config...OK
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/main-module.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/main-module.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/clients/clients-module.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/clients/clients-module.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/reports/reports-module.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/reports/reports-module.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/schedules/schedules-module.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/schedules/schedules-module.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/services/services-module.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/services/services-module.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/clients/addclient-ctrl.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/clients/addclient-ctrl.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/clients/clientprofile-ctrl.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/clients/clientprofile-ctrl.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/clients/clients-ctrl.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/clients/clients-ctrl.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/clients/clients-service.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/clients/clients-service.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/common/directives.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/common/directives.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/common/filters.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/common/filters.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/common/header-ctrl.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/common/header-ctrl.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/common/navbarcollapse-directive.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/common/navbarcollapse-directive.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/dist/ngmobile.concat.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/main-ctrl.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/main-ctrl.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/main-service.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/main-service.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/reports/reports-ctrl.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/reports/reports-ctrl.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/schedules/schedules-ctrl.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/schedules/schedules-ctrl.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/schedules/schedules-service.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/schedules/schedules-service.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/services/addservice-ctrl.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/services/addservice-ctrl.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/services/serviceprofile-ctrl.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/services/serviceprofile-ctrl.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/services/services-ctrl.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/services/services-ctrl.js
Files: static/javascript/mobile/app/services/services-service.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/services/services-service.js
Options: separator="\n", banner="", footer="", stripBanners=false, process=false
Reading static/javascript/mobile/app/main-module.js...OK
Writing static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/main-module.js...ERROR
Warning: Unable to write "static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js/main-module.js" file (Error code: ENOTDIR). Use --force to continue.

Aborted due to warnings.

这告诉我它正在查找我希望它找到的文件，然后尝试将它们写入（复制？）到 dest 中指定的文件路径。我怎么弄错了这么可怕的东西？ :) 如果有人足够关心我头上的最后几根头发，我将非常感谢一些关于我在这里做错了什么的意见。我想将 src 中的所有文件合并到 dest 文件中。

编辑

如果我删除 expand 属性，输出如下所示：

Running "concat:mobile" (concat) task
Verifying property concat.mobile exists in config...OK
Files: main-module.js, clients/clients-module.js, reports/reports-module.js, schedules/schedules-module.js, services/services-module.js, clients/addclient-ctrl.js, clients/clientprofile-ctrl.js, clients/clients-ctrl.js, clients/clients-service.js, common/directives.js, common/filters.js, common/header-ctrl.js, common/navbarcollapse-directive.js, dist/ngmobile.concat.js, main-ctrl.js, main-service.js, reports/reports-ctrl.js, schedules/schedules-ctrl.js, schedules/schedules-service.js, services/addservice-ctrl.js, services/serviceprofile-ctrl.js, services/services-ctrl.js, services/services-service.js -> static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js
Options: separator="\n", banner="", footer="", stripBanners=false, process=false
>> Source file "main-module.js" not found.
>> Source file "clients/clients-module.js" not found.
>> Source file "reports/reports-module.js" not found.
>> Source file "schedules/schedules-module.js" not found.
>> Source file "services/services-module.js" not found.
>> Source file "clients/addclient-ctrl.js" not found.
>> Source file "clients/clientprofile-ctrl.js" not found.
>> Source file "clients/clients-ctrl.js" not found.
>> Source file "clients/clients-service.js" not found.
>> Source file "common/directives.js" not found.
>> Source file "common/filters.js" not found.
>> Source file "common/header-ctrl.js" not found.
>> Source file "common/navbarcollapse-directive.js" not found.
>> Source file "dist/ngmobile.concat.js" not found.
>> Source file "main-ctrl.js" not found.
>> Source file "main-service.js" not found.
>> Source file "reports/reports-ctrl.js" not found.
>> Source file "schedules/schedules-ctrl.js" not found.
>> Source file "schedules/schedules-service.js" not found.
>> Source file "services/addservice-ctrl.js" not found.
>> Source file "services/serviceprofile-ctrl.js" not found.
>> Source file "services/services-ctrl.js" not found.
>> Source file "services/services-service.js" not found.
Writing static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js...OK
File "static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile.concat.js" created.

请注意，上面“文件：...”片段中的第三行列出了我希望它找到的所有文件，但随后说找不到源文件。

编辑 2

下面的马特解决方案解决了这个问题，下面是我更新的代码：

concat: {
    mobile: {
        dest: "static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/ngmobile-concat.js",
        src: (function () {
            var cwd = "static/javascript/mobile/app/";
            var files = ["*-module.js", "**/*-module.js", "**/*.js"];

            files = files.map(function (file) {
                return cwd + file;
            });

            files.push("! static/javascript/mobile/app/dist");

            return files;
        }())
    }
}

Answer 1

我自己使用 Angular 应用程序遇到了这个问题，我考虑了三个选项：

1) 遵循项目github线程上的建议

你并不孤单。在 grunt-contrib-concat github 项目中有一个 long thread 关于这个问题。这与cwd 与dest 的工作方式有关。

A suggested workaround张贴在那里将cwd属性移动到一个函数中，然后产生预期的结果而不是ENOTDIR错误。

src: (function() {
  var cwd = 'src/js/';
  var arr = [];
  // determine file order here and concat to arr
  return arr.map(function(file) { return cwd + file; });
}())

我认为缺点是在 gruntfile 中添加了一个函数，这通常非常简单。如果您不是唯一维护应用程序的人，这可能会令人困惑。

2) 抛弃 cwd 并使用具有 变量语法的静态方法

如果您的 src 和 dest 目录在整个 gruntfile 中是一致的，您可以定义 src 和 dest 目录执行以下操作：

myapp: {
  // configurable paths
  app: "static/javascript/mobile/app/",
  dist: "static/javascript/mobile/app/dist/"
}

...然后您可以删除 cwd 属性并将其配置为看起来更“静态”：

concat: {

    mobile: {
        expand: true,
        src: ["<%= myapp.app %>/main-module.js", "<%= myapp.app %>/**/*-module.js", "<%= myapp.app %>/**/*.js", "!<%= myapp.dist %>/*"],
        dest: "<%= myapp.dist %>/ngmobile.concat.js"
    }
}

对于我的大多数项目，这已经足够了。当我稍后回来并需要进行更改时，它很简单、干燥且易于理解。

当然：配置属性一开始会因为 的混乱而变得有点难以阅读，但我的编辑器中的一些格式可以改进。此外，其他程序员很容易阅读并了解您的意图。

3) 使用像 usemin 这样的插件来为您完成这项工作

如果你也在做缩小，你可以考虑像grunt-usemin这样的插件。

此选项的缺点很明显：usemin 增加了复杂性，因为您现在有另一个插件来管理和配置 并且您需要格式化 HTML 以使用 usemin 功能。 Usemin 配置一开始可能会令人困惑，如果您与团队合作，修改 usemin 配置或 HTML cmets usemin 需要的程序员或设计人员很容易破坏事情。

好处是 usemin 将直接从 HTML 为您生成 grunt 的复制、连接和缩小配置。因此，如果您在 HTML 中添加/删除脚本或更改加载顺序，您无需在 grunt 配置中执行任何操作，因为 usemin 会选择它。

Answer 2

如果设置了 'cwd'，grunt-contrib-concat 只会复制文件，而不是 concat。 这个问题有一个棘手的解决方案。只需添加 'rename' 属性并返回 'dest' 名称，如下所示。

rename: function (dest) {
              return dest;
        },