状态更改为活动后，Tkinter 按钮未更改回正确的颜色

Question

我正在制作这个 PDF 工具，我希望在成功导入一个或多个文件之前禁用按钮。这是应用在发布时的样子：

在运行导入文件按钮的回调之后，活动状态如下所示：

我希望按钮的颜色变成栗色而不是原来的灰色。只有将鼠标悬停在它们上方时，它们才会变回栗色。关于如何解决这个问题的任何想法？这是导入按钮的回调：

def import_callback():
    no_files_selected = False
    global files
    files = []
    try:
        ocr_button['state'] = DISABLED
        merge_button['state'] = DISABLED
        status_label.pack_forget()
        frame.pack_forget()
        files = filedialog.askopenfilenames()
        for f in files:
            name, extension = os.path.splitext(f)
            if extension != '.pdf':
                raise
        if not files:
            no_files_selected = True
            raise

        if frame.winfo_children():
            for label in frame.winfo_children():
                label.destroy()
        make_import_file_labels(files)
        frame.pack()

        ocr_button['state'] = ACTIVE
        merge_button['state'] = ACTIVE
    except:
        if no_files_selected:
            status_label.config(text='No files selected.', fg='blue')
        else:
            status_label.config(text='Error: One or more files is not a PDF.', fg='red')
        status_label.pack(expand='yes')


import_button = Button(root, text='Import Files', width=scaled(20), bg='#5D1725', bd=0, fg='white', relief='groove',
                       command=import_callback)
import_button.pack(pady=scaled(50))

Answer 1

我知道这是很久以前提出的问题，所以可能已经为用户解决了。但是由于我遇到了完全相同的问题并且在这里没有看到“最简单”的答案，所以我想我会发布：

只需将状态从“活动”更改为“正常”

ocr_button['state'] = NORMAL
merge_button['state'] = NORMAL

我希望这对未来的用户有所帮助！

Answer 2

据我了解，你想要类似的东西：

...
ocr_button['state'] = DISABLED
ocr_button['background'] = '#*disabled background*'
ocr_button.bind('<Enter>', lambda e:ocr_button.configure(background='#...'))
ocr_button.bind('<Leave>', lambda e:ocr_button.configure(background='#...'))

merge_button['state'] = DISABLED
merge_button['background'] = '#*disabled background*'
merge_button.bind('<Enter>', lambda e:ocr_button.configure(background='#...'))
merge_button.bind('<Leave>', lambda e:ocr_button.configure(background='#...'))
...

...
ocr_button['state'] = ACTIVE
ocr_button['background'] = '#*active background*'
ocr_button.unbind('<Enter>')
ocr_button.unbind('<Leave>')

merge_button['state'] = ACTIVE
merge_button['background'] = '#*active background*'
merge_button.unbind('<Enter>')
merge_button.unbind('<Leave>')
...

如果有任何错误，因为我把它写出来或者有什么不清楚的地方，请告诉我。

更新

以下代码重现了您所说的行为。发生这种情况的原因是 tkinter 如何设计标准行为。如果您考虑style of ttk 小部件，您将对它有更好的理解。所以我建议不要使用state 的自动设计，而是写几行代码来配置你喜欢的按钮，添加和删除命令，改变你喜欢的背景。如果你不想写这几行，你将不得不使用ttk.Button 和映射你喜欢的行为

import tkinter as tk

root = tk.Tk()
def func_b1():
    print('func of b1 is running')
def disable_b1():
    b1.configure(bg='grey', command='')
def activate_b1():
    b1.configure(bg='red', command=func_b1)


b1 = tk.Button(root,text='B1', bg='red',command=func_b1)
b2 = tk.Button(root,text='disable', command=disable_b1)
b3 = tk.Button(root,text='activate',command=activate_b1)

b1.pack()
b2.pack()
b3.pack()

root.mainloop()

Answer 3

我编写了这个简单的应用程序，我认为它可以帮助所有人重现问题。

请注意，单击时按钮的状态为 Active。

#!/usr/bin/python3
import sys
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import messagebox

class Main(ttk.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__()


        self.parent = parent
        self.init_ui()

    def cols_configure(self, w):

        w.columnconfigure(0, weight=0,  minsize=100)
        w.columnconfigure(1, weight=0)
        
        w.rowconfigure(0, weight=0, minsize=50)
        w.rowconfigure(1, weight=0,)
        
        

    def get_init_ui(self, container):
        
        w = ttk.Frame(container, padding=5)
        self.cols_configure(w)
        w.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky=tk.N+tk.W+tk.S+tk.E)

        return w        
          
    def init_ui(self):

        w = self.get_init_ui(self.parent)

        r = 0
        c = 0
        
        b = ttk.LabelFrame(self.parent, text="", relief=tk.GROOVE, padding=5)
   
        self.btn_import = tk.Button(b,
                                    text="Import Files",
                                    underline=1,
                                    command = self.on_import,
                                    bg='#5D1725',
                                    bd=0,
                                    fg='white')
        self.btn_import.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=tk.N+tk.W+tk.E,padx=5, pady=5)
          
        self.parent.bind("<Alt-i>", self.switch)

        r +=1

        self.btn_ocr = tk.Button(b,
                                    text="OCR FIles",
                                    underline=0,
                                    command = self.on_ocr,
                                    bg='#5D1725',
                                    bd=0,
                                    fg='white')

        self.btn_ocr["state"] = tk.DISABLED
        
        self.btn_ocr.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=tk.N+tk.W+tk.E,padx=5, pady=5)

        r +=1

        self.btn_merge = tk.Button(b,
                                    text="Merge Files",
                                    underline=0,
                                    command = self.on_merge,
                                    bg='#5D1725',
                                    bd=0,
                                    fg='white')

        self.btn_merge["state"] = tk.DISABLED
        
        self.btn_merge.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=tk.N+tk.W+tk.E,padx=5, pady=5)
          
        r +=1

        self.btn_reset = tk.Button(b,
                                    text="Reset",
                                    underline=0,
                                    command = self.switch,
                                    bg='#5D1725',
                                    bd=0,
                                    fg='white')
        self.btn_reset.grid(row=r, column=c, sticky=tk.N+tk.W+tk.E,padx=5, pady=5)
          
        
        b.grid(row=0, column=1, sticky=tk.N+tk.W+tk.S+tk.E)


    def on_import(self, evt=None):
        
        self.switch()
        #simulate some import
        self.after(5000, self.switch())
        
        
    def switch(self,):

        state = self.btn_import["state"]
        
        if state == tk.ACTIVE:
            self.btn_import["state"] = tk.DISABLED
            self.btn_ocr["state"] = tk.NORMAL
            self.btn_merge["state"] = tk.NORMAL
            
        else:
            self.btn_import["state"] = tk.NORMAL
            self.btn_ocr["state"] = tk.DISABLED
            self.btn_merge["state"] = tk.DISABLED
            
           
    def on_ocr(self, evt=None):
        state = self.btn_ocr["state"]
        print ("ocr button state is {0}".format(state))
        
        

    def on_merge(self, evt=None):
        state = self.btn_merge["state"]
        print ("merge button state is {0}".format(state))
        
        
    def on_close(self, evt=None):
        self.parent.on_exit()

class App(tk.Tk):
    """Main Application start here"""
    def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        super().__init__()

        self.protocol("WM_DELETE_WINDOW", self.on_exit)
        self.set_style()
        self.set_title(kwargs['title'])
            
        
        Main(self, *args, **kwargs)
       
    def set_style(self):
        self.style = ttk.Style()
        #('winnative', 'clam', 'alt', 'default', 'classic', 'vista', 'xpnative')
        self.style.theme_use("clam")
        

    def set_title(self, title):
        s = "{0}".format('Simple App')
        self.title(s)
        
    def on_exit(self):
        """Close all"""
        if messagebox.askokcancel(self.title(), "Do you want to quit?", parent=self):
            self.destroy()

def main():

    args = []

    for i in sys.argv:
        args.append(i)

    kwargs = {"style":"clam", "title":"Simple App",}

    app = App(*args, **kwargs)

    app.mainloop()


if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()