【发布时间】：2016-08-08 17:31:54
【问题描述】：
我正在通过 Anaconda 在 Python 3.5.2 上运行 OS X El Capitan，并且拥有 spaCy 0.101.0。
我正在尝试使用python -m spacy.en.download 安装 spaCy 英语语言模型。但是，当我这样做时，我收到一条错误消息，上面写着urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:645)>。完整的 Traceback 如下：
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/urllib/request.py", line 1254, in do_open
h.request(req.get_method(), req.selector, req.data, headers)
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/http/client.py", line 1106, in request
self._send_request(method, url, body, headers)
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/http/client.py", line 1151, in _send_request
self.endheaders(body)
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/http/client.py", line 1102, in endheaders
self._send_output(message_body)
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/http/client.py", line 934, in _send_output
self.send(msg)
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/http/client.py", line 877, in send
self.connect()
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/http/client.py", line 1260, in connect
server_hostname=server_hostname)
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/ssl.py", line 377, in wrap_socket
_context=self)
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/ssl.py", line 752, in __init__
self.do_handshake()
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/ssl.py", line 988, in do_handshake
self._sslobj.do_handshake()
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/ssl.py", line 633, in do_handshake
self._sslobj.do_handshake()
ssl.SSLError: [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:645)
During handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/runpy.py", line 184, in _run_module_as_main
"__main__", mod_spec)
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/runpy.py", line 85, in _run_code
exec(code, run_globals)
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/spacy/en/download.py", line 13, in <module>
plac.call(main)
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/plac_core.py", line 328, in call
cmd, result = parser.consume(arglist)
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/plac_core.py", line 207, in consume
return cmd, self.func(*(args + varargs + extraopts), **kwargs)
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/spacy/en/download.py", line 9, in main
download('en', force)
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/spacy/download.py", line 24, in download
package = sputnik.install(about.__title__, about.__version__, about.__models__[lang])
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sputnik/__init__.py", line 37, in install
index.update()
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sputnik/index.py", line 84, in update
index = json.load(session.open(request, 'utf8'))
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/site-packages/sputnik/session.py", line 43, in open
r = self.opener.open(request)
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/urllib/request.py", line 466, in open
response = self._open(req, data)
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/urllib/request.py", line 484, in _open
'_open', req)
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/urllib/request.py", line 444, in _call_chain
result = func(*args)
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/urllib/request.py", line 1297, in https_open
context=self._context, check_hostname=self._check_hostname)
File "/Users/bsherman/anaconda/lib/python3.5/urllib/request.py", line 1256, in do_open
raise URLError(err)
urllib.error.URLError: <urlopen error [SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed (_ssl.c:645)>
【问题讨论】：
-
您是否处于使用 SSL 剥离或 Web 代理的企业环境中？
-
有没有简单的检查方法？
-
这通常取决于所使用的供应商，但您可能会在系统偏好设置 => 网络 => 已连接网络 => 高级设置 => 代理中看到设置的代理。如果选中并填写了任何选项。您的环境有一个代理，并且可能安装了一个证书来剥离 SSL。否则，您可以访问诸如 google 之类的站点并通过单击锁定 => 详细信息 => 查看证书来检查证书信息。对于 Google 我有 Geotrust，您的可能会有所不同，具体取决于是否设置了 SSL 剥离。
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我绝对没有看到代理。我在公司环境中，但我在自己的计算机上拥有 root 访问权限并从头开始设置。
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在浏览器中是否出现证书问题，当您访问：index.spacy.io/models/en-1.1.0/archive.gz