【发布时间】:2018-02-12 06:28:47
【问题描述】:
我在计算重复调用的转换函数的梯度时遇到问题。
相对于动作计算的梯度是 None 即使损失取决于通过重复转换调用生成的最大值之和选择的选定动作。如果我们将损失函数的值更改为 v 的总和而不是 a,那么我们会收到过渡的梯度。
当我们的损失是根据 a 上的总和计算时,为什么没有为过渡计算梯度?
下面是一段示例代码,您可以在其中复制问题。
import tensorflow as tf
import numpy as np
ACTION_DIM = 1
# random input
x = tf.Variable(np.random.rand(1, 5)) # [b branches, state_dim]
depth = 3
b = 4
v_list, a_list = [], [] # value and action store
# make value estimates 3 steps into the future by predicting intermediate states
for i in range(depth):
reuse = True if i > 0 else False
x = tf.tile(x, [b, 1]) # copy the state to be used for b different actions
mu = tf.layers.dense(x, ACTION_DIM, name='mu', reuse=reuse)
action_distribution = tf.distributions.Normal(loc=mu, scale=tf.ones_like(mu))
a = tf.reshape(action_distribution.sample(1), [-1, ACTION_DIM])
x_a = tf.concat([x, a], axis=1) # concatenate action and state
x = tf.layers.dense(x_a, x.shape[-1], name='transition', reuse=reuse) # next state s'
v = tf.layers.dense(x, 1, name='value', reuse=reuse) # value of s'
v_list.append(tf.reshape(v, [-1, b ** i]))
a_list.append(tf.reshape(a, [-1, b ** i]))
# backup our sum of max values along trajectory
sum_v = [None]*depth
sum_v[-1] = v_list[-1]
for i in reversed(range(depth)):
max_v_i = tf.reduce_max(v_list[i], axis=1)
if i > 0:
sum_v[i-1] = tf.reduce_max(v_list[i-1], axis=1) + max_v_i
max_idx = tf.reshape(tf.argmax(sum_v[0]), [-1, 1])
v = tf.gather_nd(v_list[0], max_idx)
a = tf.gather_nd(a_list[0], max_idx)
loss = -tf.reduce_sum(a)
opt = tf.train.AdamOptimizer()
grads = opt.compute_gradients(loss)
【问题讨论】:
标签: python tensorflow deep-learning reinforcement-learning