得到 ValueError：尝试将具有不受支持的类型 (<class 'NoneType'>) 的值 (None) 转换为张量

Question

当我在 2021 年 6 月尝试运行一个于 2020 年 12 月创建并运行良好的 colab 笔记本时，我遇到了一个错误。所以我改变了

baseModel = tf.keras.applications.VGG16(weights="imagenet", 
                                     include_top= False,
                                     input_tensor=Input(shape=(224, 224, 3)))

到

baseModel = tf.keras.applications.VGG19(weights="imagenet", 
                                     include_top= False,
                                     input_shape=(224, 224, 3))

但是，当我继续执行 notebook 时，我收到错误“ValueError: Attempt to convert a value (None) with an unsupported type () to a Tensor.”在稍后的阶段。

代码：

import numpy as np
from tqdm import tqdm
import math
import os

import keras
from keras.models import *
from keras.layers import *
from keras.layers.core import Dense, Flatten
from keras.optimizers import Adam
from keras.metrics import categorical_crossentropy
from keras.preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator
from keras.layers.normalization import BatchNormalization
from keras.layers.convolutional import Conv2D
from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix
from keras.applications.densenet import DenseNet121
from keras.callbacks import *
from keras import backend as K
K.clear_session()
import itertools
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import cv2
import matplotlib.cm as cm

from tensorflow.keras.utils import to_categorical
from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelBinarizer,LabelEncoder
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.metrics import classification_report
from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix


import tensorflow as tf
baseModel = tf.keras.applications.VGG19(weights="imagenet", 
                                     include_top= False,
                                     input_shape=(224, 224, 3))

headModel = baseModel.output
headModel = AveragePooling2D(pool_size=(4, 4))(headModel)
headModel = Flatten(name="flatten")(headModel)
headModel = Dense(64, activation="relu")(headModel)
headModel = Dropout(0.4)(headModel)
headModel = Dense(3, activation="softmax")(headModel)
model = Model(inputs=baseModel.input, outputs=headModel)

model.summary()

错误：

---------------------------------------------------------------------------
ValueError                                Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-18-6695ac43a942> in <module>()
      1 headModel = baseModel.output
      2 headModel = AveragePooling2D(pool_size=(4, 4))(headModel)
----> 3 headModel = Flatten(name="flatten")(headModel)
      4 headModel = Dense(64, activation="relu")(headModel)
      5 headModel = Dropout(0.4)(headModel)

5 frames
/usr/local/lib/python3.7/dist-packages/tensorflow/python/framework/constant_op.py in convert_to_eager_tensor(value, ctx, dtype)
     96       dtype = dtypes.as_dtype(dtype).as_datatype_enum
     97   ctx.ensure_initialized()
---> 98   return ops.EagerTensor(value, ctx.device_name, dtype)
     99 
    100 

ValueError: Attempt to convert a value (None) with an unsupported type (<class 'NoneType'>) to a Tensor.

更新导入：

import numpy as np
from tqdm import tqdm
import math
import os

import tensorflow as tf

import tensorflow.keras
from tensorflow.keras.models import *
from tensorflow.keras.layers import *
from tensorflow.keras.layers import Dense, Flatten
from tensorflow.keras.optimizers import Adam
from tensorflow.keras.metrics import categorical_crossentropy
from tensorflow.keras.preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator
from tensorflow.keras.layers import BatchNormalization
from tensorflow.keras.layers import Conv2D
from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix
from tensorflow.keras.applications.densenet import DenseNet121
from tensorflow.keras.callbacks import *
from tensorflow.keras import backend as K
K.clear_session()
import itertools
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import cv2
import matplotlib.cm as cm

from tensorflow.keras.utils import to_categorical
from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelBinarizer,LabelEncoder
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.metrics import classification_report
from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix

Answer 1

正如@Frightera 所建议的，您正在混合使用keras 和tensorflow.keras 导入。尝试使用所有 tensorflow.keras 导入的代码，

import numpy as np
from tqdm import tqdm
import math
import os

from tensorflow.keras.models import *
from tensorflow.keras.layers import *
from tensorflow.keras.optimizers import Adam
from tensorflow.keras.metrics import categorical_crossentropy
from tensorflow.keras.preprocessing.image import ImageDataGenerator
from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix
from tensorflow.keras.applications.densenet import DenseNet121
from tensorflow.keras.callbacks import *
from tensorflow.keras import backend as K
K.clear_session()
import itertools
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import cv2
import matplotlib.cm as cm

from tensorflow.keras.utils import to_categorical
from sklearn.preprocessing import LabelBinarizer,LabelEncoder
from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
from sklearn.metrics import classification_report
from sklearn.metrics import confusion_matrix

import tensorflow as tf

baseModel = tf.keras.applications.VGG19(weights="imagenet", 
                                     include_top= False,
                                     input_shape=(224, 224, 3))

headModel = baseModel.output
headModel = AveragePooling2D(pool_size=(4, 4))(headModel)
headModel = Flatten(name="flatten")(headModel)
headModel = Dense(64, activation="relu")(headModel)
headModel = Dropout(0.4)(headModel)
headModel = Dense(3, activation="softmax")(headModel)
model = Model(inputs=baseModel.input, outputs=headModel)

model.summary()

Answer 2

我对旧代码也有同样的问题。 但是使用较新版本的 python 代码无法正常工作。 但我通过将其更改为最新要求解决了这个问题。

这里是解决方案 https://stackoverflow.com/a/68049002/15345841