使用google-api-python-client获取您授权的sheets API客户端，您可以通过service.spreadsheets().get方法请求电子表格数据：
def get_sheet_colors(service, wbId: str, ranges: list):
params = {'spreadsheetId': wbId,
'ranges': ranges,
'fields': 'sheets(data(rowData(values(effectiveFormat/backgroundColor,formattedValue)),startColumn,startRow),properties(sheetId,title))'}
return service.spreadsheets().get(**params).execute()
desiredA1NotationRanges = ['\'Some Arbitrary Sheet 1\'!A1:K', '\'Some Other Arbitary Sheet\'!B2:D4']
all_data = get_sheet_colors(get_authed_service_somehow(), mySpreadsheetId, desiredA1NotationRanges))
# all_data is a dict with keys determined by the fields in the request
# (i.e. "sheets") and the output of the API method used (aka consult your API reference)
下面的代码使用上面的 API 响应并制作了两个数组，一个带有背景颜色，一个带有单元格值，并通过为行和列添加前缀来确保行和列索引是可移植的，以确保数据从单元格 A1 开始，即使您请求了“C3:J5”之类的范围。这是作为将 REST 资源转换为更熟悉的类型的示例提供的，并不打算在一般意义上有用。
dataset = []
default_bg = {'red': 1, 'green': 1, 'blue': 1}
# all_data['sheets'] is a list of sheet resources (per the API spec.)
for sheet in all_data['sheets']:
# The sheet resource is a dict with keys determined by what we requested in fields
# (i.e. properties (->sheetId, ->title), data)
print('Sheet name is {title} with grid id {sheetId}'.format_map(sheet["properties"]))
# each range in data will only contain startRow and/or startColumn if they are not 0
# (i.e. if you grab A1:___, you won't have startRow or startColumn)
for range in sheet['data']:
rowData = range.get('rowData', [])
if not rowData:
continue
offsets = {'row': range.get('startRow', 0),
'col': range.get('startColumn', 0)}
rangeBGs = [default_bg] * offsets['row']
rangeValues = [''] * offsets['row']
for row in rowData:
colData = row['values']
newBGs = [default_bg] * offsets['col']
newVals = [''] * offsets['col']
for col in colData:
try:
newBGs.append(col['effectiveFormat']['backgroundColor'])
except KeyError:
newBGs.append(default_bg) # Shouldn't get called (all cells have a background)
try:
newVals.append(col['formattedValue']) # Always a string if present.
except KeyError:
newVals.append('') # Not all cells have a value.
rangeBGs.append(newBGs)
rangeValues.append(newVals)
dataset.append({'sheetId': sheet['properties']['sheetId'],
'sheetName': sheet['properties']['title'],
'backgrounds': rangeBGs,
'values': rangeValues})
# dataset is now a list with elements that correspond to the requested ranges,
# and contain 0-base row and column indexed arrays of the backgrounds and values.
# One could add logic to pop elements from the ranges if the entire row has no values.
# Color in A1 of 1st range:
r1 = dataset[0]
print(f'Cell A1 color is {r1["backgrounds"][0][0]} and has value {r1["values"][0][0]}')
print(f'Cell D2 color is {r1["backgrounds"][3][1]} and has value {r1["values"][3][1]}')
参考资料：