将多维数组中的值排序并存储在 Ruby 中的新数组中

Question

我有以下数组：

votes_array = [["2", "1"], ["2", "4"], ["4", "3"], ["3", "4"], ["1", "N"], ["3", "1"], ["1", "2"], ["4", "1"], ["0", "1"], ["0", "2"], ["1", "3"], ["1", "4"]]

我想创建一个新数组（或哈希），通过第一个选项存储 votes_array 项，以便新数组如下所示：

candidate_votes = [
                   {"id" => "0", "votes" => [["0", "1"],["0","2"]]}, 
                   {"id" => "1", "votes" => [["1", "N"],["1","2"],["1","3"],["1","4"]]},
                   etc,
                   etc]

'votes' 键中的投票顺序并不重要，只是所有的投票都被分成相关的 id。

我已经使用以下代码：

first_preferences = votes_array.map(&:first)
valid_candidates = first_preferences.uniq
valid_candidates.each do |candidate|
   these_votes = votes_array.find_all { |i| i[0] == candidate }
   candidate_votes << {"id" => candidate, "votes" => these_votes}
end  

但想知道是否有更优雅、更清洁或 Rubiyst 的方式？

Answer 1

对于 Ruby 1.8.7+，它是单行的：

candidate_votes = votes_array.group_by {|pair| pair[0]}

漂亮的打印candidate_votes返回

{"0"=>[["0", "1"], ["0", "2"]],
 "1"=>[["1", "N"], ["1", "2"], ["1", "3"], ["1", "4"]],
 "2"=>[["2", "1"], ["2", "4"]],
 "3"=>[["3", "4"], ["3", "1"]],
 "4"=>[["4", "3"], ["4", "1"]]}

Answer 2

这是一个将candidate_votes 创建为哈希的方法。它可能会快一点，因为您只需迭代 votes_array 一次：

candidate_votes = {}
votes_array.each do |id, vote|
  candidate_votes[id] ||= {"id" => id, "votes" => []}
  candidate_votes[id]["votes"] << [id, vote]
end

这将给出如下结果：

candidate_votes = {
                    "0" => {"votes" => [["0", "1"], ["0", "2"]], "id" => "0"},
                    ... etc ...
                  }

Answer 3

我认为您可以使用以下方式更简洁地组织输出：

# Use Enumerable#inject to convert Array to Hash
results = votes_array.inject({ }) do |hash, vote|
  # Create hash entry for candidate if not defined (||=)
  hash[vote[0]] ||= { :votes => [ ] }

  # Add vote to candidate's array of votes
  hash[vote[0]][:votes] << vote[1]

  # Keep hash for next round of inject
  hash
end

# => {"0"=>{:votes=>["1", "2"]}, "1"=>{:votes=>["N", "2", "3", "4"]}, "2"=>{:votes=>["1", "4"]}, "3"=>{:votes=>["4", "1"]}, "4"=>{:votes=>["3", "1"]}}

请注意，在 Ruby 中将符号用于哈希键是有利的，因为对于此类应用程序，它们通常比字符串更有效。