替换 LockBits 算法中的 Bitmap.GetPixel 用法

Question

我有这个从位图创建区域的函数：

Public Shared Function GetRegion(ByVal sender As Bitmap, ByVal transperancyKey As Color, ByVal tolerance As Integer) As Region

    ' Stores all the rectangles for the region.
    Using path As New GraphicsPath()

        ' Scan the image
        For x As Integer = 0 To (sender.Width - 1)
            For y As Integer = 0 To (sender.Height - 1)
                If Not ColorsMatch(sender.GetPixel(x, y), transperancyKey, tolerance) Then
                    path.AddRectangle(New Rectangle(x, y, 1, 1))
                End If
            Next
        Next

        Return New Region(path)
    End Using

End Function

Public Shared Function ColorsMatch(ByVal color1 As Color, ByVal color2 As Color, ByVal tolerance As Integer) As Boolean
    If (tolerance < 0) Then
        tolerance = 0
    End If

    Return Math.Abs(color1.R - color2.R) <= tolerance AndAlso
           Math.Abs(color1.G - color2.G) <= tolerance AndAlso
           Math.Abs(color1.B - color2.B) <= tolerance
End Function

我想使用Bitmap.LockBits 而不是Bitmap.GetPixel 来提高性能。

目前我所拥有的是下面这个不完整的代码。尝试以与原始函数相同（有效）的方式迭代像素/颜色，我有点困惑。

Public Shared Function GetRegion(ByVal sender As Bitmap, ByVal transperancyKey As Color, ByVal tolerance As Integer) As Region

    ' Stores all the rectangles for the region.
    Using path As New GraphicsPath()

        ' Lock the bitmap's bits.  
        Dim rect As New Rectangle(0, 0, sender.Width, sender.Height)
        Dim bmpData As BitmapData = sender.LockBits(rect, ImageLockMode.ReadWrite, sender.PixelFormat)

        ' Get the address of the first line.
        Dim ptr As IntPtr = bmpData.Scan0

        ' Declare an array to hold the bytes of the bitmap.
        ' Assume PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb (4 bytes per pixel)
        Dim bytes As Integer = Math.Abs(bmpData.Stride) * sender.Height
        ' Note that I'm not sure whether the above is the proper calculation for that assumption.
        Dim rgbValues(bytes - 1) As Byte

        ' Copy the RGB values into the array.
        Marshal.Copy(ptr, rgbValues, 0, bytes)

        ' Scan the image
        For x As Integer = 0 To (sender.Width - 1)
            For y As Integer = 0 To (sender.Height - 1)
                ' ...
            Next
        Next

        ' Unlock the bits.
        bmp.UnlockBits(bmpData)

        Return New Region(path)
    End Using

End Function

我该怎么做？

Answer 1

这样的事情应该可以解决问题。我一次只锁定一个像素行，以避免使用大量内存和大位图，这使得逻辑易于遵循。

Public Shared Function GetRegion(ByVal bm As Bitmap, ByVal transperancyKey As Color, ByVal tolerance As Integer) As Region
    Using path As New GraphicsPath()
        Dim rect As New Rectangle(0, 0, bm.Width, 1)    ' one row high
        Dim pixelData As Int32() = New Int32(0 To bm.Width - 1) {}
        For row As Integer = 0 To (bm.Height - 1)
            ' get the bitmap data as 32bppArgb so that we can read Int32 values
            ' this does not need to match the bm.PixelFormat
            Dim bmData As BitmapData = bm.LockBits(rect, ImageLockMode.ReadOnly, PixelFormat.Format32bppArgb)
            ' copy the pixel data for this row
            Marshal.Copy(bmData.Scan0, pixelData, 0, pixelData.Length)
            bm.UnlockBits(bmData)
            For col As Integer = 0 To (bm.Width - 1)
                Dim px As Color = Color.FromArgb(pixelData(col))
                ' do something with this pixel color
            Next col
            rect.Offset(0, 1)   ' offset to select next row
        Next row

        Return New Region(path)
    End Using
End Function