在 Python 中表示直方图 x 轴内的区间答案

【问题标题】：Represent intervals within the x axis of histogram in Python在 Python 中表示直方图 x 轴内的区间
【发布时间】：2020-11-25 18:31:29
【问题描述】：

我试图通过 Python 中的直方图来表示 percT 列。下面是我的输入文件：

programName,reqMethID,countT,countN,countU,totalcount,percT,percN,percU
chess,1-9,0,1,0,1,0.0,100.0,0.0
chess,1-16,1,1,0,2,50.0,50.0,0.0
chess,1-4,1,2,0,3,33.33,66.67,0.0
chess,2-9,1,3,0,4,25.0,75.0,0.0
chess,2-16,1,4,0,5,20.0,80.0,0.0
chess,2-4,1,5,0,6,16.67,83.33,0.0
chess,3-9,1,6,0,7,14.29,85.71,0.0
chess,3-16,1,7,0,8,12.5,87.5,0.0
chess,3-4,1,8,0,9,11.11,88.89,0.0
chess,4-9,1,9,0,10,10.0,90.0,0.0
chess,4-16,1,10,0,11,9.09,90.91,0.0
chess,4-4,2,10,0,12,16.67,83.33,0.0
chess,5-9,2,11,0,13,15.38,84.62,0.0
chess,5-16,2,12,0,14,14.29,85.71,0.0
chess,5-4,2,13,0,15,13.33,86.67,0.0
chess,6-9,3,13,0,16,18.75,81.25,0.0
chess,6-16,3,14,0,17,17.65,82.35,0.0
chess,6-4,3,15,0,18,16.67,83.33,0.0
chess,7-9,4,15,0,19,21.05,78.95,0.0
chess,7-16,4,16,0,20,20.0,80.0,0.0
chess,7-4,4,17,0,21,19.05,80.95,0.0
chess,8-9,4,18,0,22,18.18,81.82,0.0
chess,8-16,4,19,0,23,17.39,82.61,0.0
chess,8-4,4,20,0,24,16.67,83.33,0.0
chess,1-10,0,1,0,1,0.0,100.0,0.0
chess,1-17,1,1,0,2,50.0,50.0,0.0
chess,2-10,1,2,0,3,33.33,66.67,0.0
chess,2-17,1,3,0,4,25.0,75.0,0.0
chess,3-10,1,4,0,5,20.0,80.0,0.0
chess,3-17,1,5,0,6,16.67,83.33,0.0
chess,4-10,1,6,0,7,14.29,85.71,0.0
chess,4-17,1,7,0,8,12.5,87.5,0.0
chess,5-10,1,8,0,9,11.11,88.89,0.0
chess,5-17,1,9,0,10,10.0,90.0,0.0
chess,6-10,2,9,0,11,18.18,81.82,0.0

这是我在 Python 中用来以直方图方式表示上述数据的代码：

    dataset = pd.read_csv( 'TNUPercentages.txt', sep= ',', index_col=False) 
X_ticks_array=[i for i in range(0, 100, 10)]
plt.xticks(X_ticks_array)


Tdata= dataset['percT']
print(Tdata.head())
plt.hist(Tdata);
plt.xlabel('Percentages of T')
plt.ylabel('Frequency')
plt.show()

问题是我得到了这张图。 x 轴表示percT 列中的值，y 轴表示这些值的频率。问题是很难区分在 x 轴上具有 0 的数据的频率与在 x 轴上具有 5 或在 x 轴上具有 10 的数据的频率。我希望 x 轴有 11 个 bin，每个 bin 代表以下每个间隔： 0, (0-10], (10,20], (20-30], (30-40], (40-50], (50-60],(60-70], (70-80], (80-90], (90-100]，这些区间对应于 percT 列中的值，y 轴应表示数据集中出现此类值的频率。我该怎么做?

【问题讨论】：

标签： python matplotlib histogram

【解决方案1】：

pandas cut 和 value_counts 方法在这里会有所帮助：

fig, ax = pyplot.subplots(figsize=(6, 3.5))
(
    pandas.cut(data['percT'], bins=numpy.arange(0, 100, 10))
        .value_counts()
        .sort_index()
        .plot.bar(ax=ax)
)

【讨论】：

0 需要自己的个人垃圾桶
@user3406764 您可以通过将调用更改为numpy.arange 来在bins 参数中指定。

【解决方案2】：

你的意思是：

bins=np.arange(0, 100, 10)
plt.hist(dataset['percT'], bins=bins, edgecolor='w')
plt.xticks(bins);

输出：

更新：根据评论：

bins=np.arange(-10, 100, 10)

(pd.cut(dataset['percT'], bins=bins, labels=bins[1:])
   .astype(int).value_counts()
   .sort_index()
   .plot.bar(align='edge',width=1, edgecolor='w')
)
plt.xticks(np.arange(len(bins)),bins);

输出：

【讨论】：

在这张图中，我们无法区分以0为数据点的数据量与区间]0,10]

【解决方案3】：

您可以尝试使用seaborn 以获得更好的可视化效果。它本质上是对 matplotlib 的补充。

import seaborn as sns
sns.set_theme()
dataset = pd.read_csv( 'TNUPercentages.txt', sep= ',', index_col=False) 
X_ticks_array=[i for i in range(0, 100, 10)]
plt.xticks(X_ticks_array)


Tdata= dataset['percT']
print(Tdata.head())
sns.distplot(Tdata,bins=np.arange(0, 100, 10))
plt.xlabel('Percentages of T')
plt.ylabel('Frequency')
plt.show()

如果您不想要分布图线，您可以通过执行以下操作来使用背景网格：

import seaborn as sns
sns.set_theme()
dataset = pd.read_csv( 'TNUPercentages.txt', sep= ',', index_col=False) 
X_ticks_array=[i for i in range(0, 100, 10)]
plt.xticks(X_ticks_array)


Tdata= dataset['percT']
print(Tdata.head())
plt.hist(Tdata,bins=np.arange(0, 100, 10))
plt.xlabel('Percentages of T')
plt.ylabel('Frequency')
plt.show()

【讨论】：