将一列中的因子类别合并到一个新列中

Question

这是我第一次发布问题。我对 R 很陌生。我一直在寻找答案，但没有找到答案。所以这里。我有一个非常大的数据集（超过 140K obs），一列包含“程序类型”的类别，选项是：

• 联邦机构
• 联邦机构/大学
• 全国调查计划
• LTER
• 大学
• 非营利机构
• 国家机构
• 国家机构/公民监测计划
• 国家机构/大学/公民监测计划
• 部落机构

我想做的是创建一个新列，在其中将一些类别合并在一起。我想要：

• [联邦机构、联邦机构/大学、国家调查计划]转换为联邦机构/大学
• [LTER, University] 转换为 LTER/大学
• [非营利机构] 转换为非营利机构
• [State Agency] 转换为 State Agency
• [State Agency/Citizen Monitoring Program, State Agency/University/Citizen Monitoring Program] 转换为 Citizen Science Monitoring Program
• [部落机构] 转换为部落机构

其中一些将保持不变。我已经尝试过 ifelse 语句，但似乎很难确定原始列中的内容并返回 NA 以进行大量观察。我检查了我所有的拼写，所以不是这样。这是我根据此处某处的另一个答案所尝试的。我的数据集的名称是 TP_state，其他列中的名称是 lagoslakeid。但是，它无法正常工作。任何帮助将不胜感激！

x <- c(TP_state$programtype) 
y <- c(TP_state$lagoslakeid)
df <- data.frame(x,y)
DT <- data.table(df)
DT[, Program_Type := ifelse(x %in% c("Federal Agency", "Federal Agency/University", "National Survey Program"), "Federal Agency/University",
                 ifelse(x %in% c("LTER", "University"), "LTER/University",
                 ifelse(x %in% c("Non-Profit Agency"), "Non-Profit Agency",       
                 ifelse(x %in% c("State Agency"), "State Agency",
                 ifelse(x %in% c("State Agency/University/Citizen Monitoring Program", "State Agency/Citizen Monitoring Program"), "Citizen Monitoring Program", 
                 ifelse(x %in% c("Tribal Agency"), "Tribal Agency", NA))))))]  

Answer 1

我会尝试这样的事情。请告诉我它是否适合您！

for(i in 1:length(df$column_with_factors)){
  if(grepl(pattern = 'federal agency|national survey program', x = df$column[i], ignore.case = TRUE)){
    x <- 'Federal Agency/University'
  } else if(grepl(pattern = '^lter$|^university$', x = df$column[i], ignore.case = TRUE)){
    x <- 'LTER/University'
  } else if(grepl(pattern = 'non-profit agency', x = df$column[i], ignore.case = TRUE)){
    x <- 'Non-profit Agency'
  } else if(grepl(pattern = '^state agency$', x = df$column[i], ignore.case = TRUE)){
    x <- 'State Agency'
  } else if(grepl(pattern = 'state agency/(citizen monitoring program|university/citizen monitoring program)', x = df$column[i], ignore.case = TRUE)){
    x <- 'Citizen Science Monitoring Program'
  } else if(grepl(pattern = 'tribal agency', x = df$column[i], ignore.case = TRUE)){
    x <- 'Tribal Agency'
  } else x <- NA
}

df$column_with_factors <- as.factor(df$column_with_factors)

但这会运行得更快：

df$column_with_factors <- sapply(df$column_with_factors, function(x){
  if(grepl(pattern = 'federal agency|national survey program', x = x, ignore.case = TRUE)){
    x <- 'Federal Agency/University'
  } else if(grepl(pattern = '^lter$|^university$', x = x, ignore.case = TRUE)){
    x <- 'LTER/University'
  } else if(grepl(pattern = 'non-profit agency', x = x, ignore.case = TRUE)){
    x <- 'Non-profit Agency'
  } else if(grepl(pattern = '^state agency$', x = x, ignore.case = TRUE)){
    x <- 'State Agency'
  } else if(grepl(pattern = 'state agency/(citizen monitoring program|university/citizen monitoring program)', x = x, ignore.case = TRUE)){
    x <- 'Citizen Science Monitoring Program'
  } else if(grepl(pattern = 'tribal agency', x = x, ignore.case = TRUE)){
    x <- 'Tribal Agency'
  } else x <- NA
})

df$column_with_factors <- as.factor(df$column_with_factors)

Answer 2

forcats 包非常适合重新编写此类任务。

首先创建一些演示数据...

library(tidyverse)
library(forcats)

df <-
  tibble(
    programtype = c(
      "Federal Agency",
      "Federal Agency",
      "Federal Agency",
      "State Agency/University/Citizen Monitoring",
      "State Agency/University/Citizen Monitoring Program",
      "Federal Agency/University",
      "National Survey Program",
      "LTER",
      "University",
      "Non-Profit Agency",
      "Non-Profit Agency",
      "Non-Profit Agency",
      "Non-Profit Agency",
      "Non-Profit Agency",
      "State Agency",
      "State Agency",
      "State Agency/Citizen Monitoring Program",
      "State Agency/University/Citizen Monitoring Program",
      "Tribal Agency",
      "Tribal Agency",
      "Tribal Agency"
    ),
    ID = 1:21
  )

然后使用fct_recode 替换值...

df %>%
  mutate(
    new_categories = fct_recode(
      programtype,
      "Federal Agency/University" = "Federal Agency",
      "Federal Agency/University" = "Federal Agency/University",
      "Federal Agency/University" = "National Survey Program",
      "LTER/University" = "LTER",
      "LTER/University" = "University",
      "Citizen Science Monitoring Program" = "State Agency/Citizen Monitoring Program",
      "Citizen Science Monitoring Program" = "State Agency/University/Citizen Monitoring"
    )
  )