【发布时间】:2019-12-13 10:53:12
【问题描述】:
对于我的项目,我必须对大型 2D 输入矩阵进行 DFT,对其进行处理,然后使用 IDFT 将其转换回来,并将结果与输入矩阵进行比较。我的问题在于 2D DFT 步骤。我用一个小的简单数据集编写了一个测试,我在main() 中执行它。我将Eigen 库用于矩阵和向量。输出是这样的:
Using testM in a myTransform object:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
calculateDFT took 33 Microseconds
DFT
(6,0)
(-1.5,0.866025)
(-1.5,0.866025)
(15,0)
(-1.5,0.866025)
(-1.5,0.866025)
(24,0)
(-1.5,0.866025)
(-1.5,0.866025)
IDFT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Using testM in a myTransform2D object:
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9
Default myTransform object created
DFT2D
(45,0) (-4.5,-2.59808) (45,-0)
(45,0) (-13.5,-7.79423) (45,-0)
(45,0) (0,-0) (45,-0)
IDFT
27.5 -0.5 -1.5 -8.5 8.5 7.5 -7 10 9
在下面的 sn-ps 中,this->N = this->nRows * this->nCols。测试 1 和测试 2 的结果应该是相同的,但它们明显不同。我一遍又一遍地阅读文档,但仍然找不到出错的原因。 fftw 进行行主要的多维变换,in 填充矩阵的每一行。 transfer_output 函数不对值本身做任何事情,只是将标准数组转换为 Eigen::Matrix。我哪里错了?任何帮助将不胜感激。我也试图在这里找到类似的帖子,但据我所知,没有一个有我的问题。
void test()
{
RowVectorXf test(9);
test << 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9;
// Prep matrix
Map<Matrix<float, 3, 3, RowMajor>> testM(test.data()); // convert test to rowmajor matrix
// Test 1: feed the matrix to a myTransform object and take 1D DFTs and 1D IDFTs
std::cout << "Using testM in a myTransform object:\n" << testM << std::endl;
myTransform testX1D(testM, 0);
testX1D.vectorise();
testX1D.calculateDFT();
testX1D.calculateIDFT();
std::cout << "DFT" << std::endl << testX1D.dft << std::endl;
std::cout << "IDFT" << std::endl << testX1D.idft << std::endl; // works, too.
.. Test 2: Feed the matrix to a myTransform2D object and take the 2D DFT and IDFT.
std::cout << "Using testM in a myTransform2D object:\n" << testM << std::endl;
myTransform2D testX(testM, 0); // 2D version
testX.vectorise(); // stored in testX.m which will hold the same as test but in a colmajor vector.
testX.calculateDFT(); // where it goes wrong?
std::cout << "DFT2D" << std::endl << testX.dft2D << std::endl;
testX.calculateIDFT();
std::cout << "IDFT" << std::endl << testX.idft << std::endl;
}
这就是我在每种情况下使用 fftw 库计算 DFT 的方式(fftwf 因为我使用单精度来节省内存,并且非测试数据的值在 -10000 到 10000 的数量级上,所以我认为这不是问题)。
void myTransform::calculateDFT()
/// Calculates discrete fourier transform of vectorised data `m`.
/** uses the FFTW library (https://fftw.org). The dft is stored in myTransform::dft*/
{
//std::cout << m << std::endl;
fftwf_complex* out;
fftwf_plan p;
out = (fftwf_complex*)fftw_malloc(sizeof(fftwf_complex) * this->nCols);
float* in = new float[static_cast<const float&>(this->nCols)];
p = fftwf_plan_dft_r2c_1d(this->nCols, in, out, FFTW_ESTIMATE);
// calculate DFT for each trace and assign it to a segment of this->dft
unsigned int factor = 0;
auto check = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
for (int k = 0; k < this->nRows; k++)
{
factor = k * this->nCols;
//TODO: if possible, fix this slow in[i] = ... part.
for (int i = 0; i < this->nCols; i++)
{
in[i] = this->m[factor + i];
}
p = fftwf_plan_dft_r2c_1d(this->nCols, in, out, FFTW_ESTIMATE);
fftwf_execute(p);
this->transfer_output(out, k); // does nothing but add the output to a vector dft.
}
delete [] in;
fftwf_free(out);
fftwf_destroy_plan(p);
}
对于 2D DFT 案例:这里我使用fftw.org 中指定的 std::complex。我按照here 的指示分配nRows * (nCols/2 + 1) 单精度浮点数。对于一维情况,这是在一维transfer_output 函数中完成的,其中dft 填充有out[this->nCols - i] 用于i > this->nCols/2
void myTransform2D::calculateDFT()
/// Should calculate the DFT in 2D with fftwf_plan_dft_r2c_2d(n0, n1, *in, *out, flags).
{
std::complex<float>* out;
fftwf_plan p;
out = (std::complex<float>*)fftwf_malloc(sizeof(std::complex<float>) * this->nRows * (this->nCols/2+1)); // Hermitian symmetry for r2c transforms
float* in = new float[this->N];
in = (float*)fftwf_malloc(sizeof(float) * this->N);
p = fftwf_plan_dft_r2c_2d(this->nRows, this->nCols, in, reinterpret_cast<fftwf_complex*>(out), FFTW_ESTIMATE);
// Fill input array
for (int i = 0; i < this->nRows; i++)
{
int factor = i * this->nCols;
for (int j = 0; j < this->nCols; j++)
{
in[factor + j] = this->m[factor + j];
}
}
fftwf_execute(p);
transfer_output(out);
fftwf_free(in);
fftwf_free(out);
fftwf_destroy_plan(p);
}
我使用 IDFT 转换回时域,同样是 1D 和 2D。我不确定 2D 版本是否有效,因为 DFT 出错了。 1D 案例有效,所以我只展示 2D 案例。
void myTransform2D::calculateIDFT()
/// Calculates inverse fourier transform of `this->dft2D`.
/** Also uses the FFTW library. Results might not be perfect as we use floats
instead of doubles because of large data sizes. */
{
float* out = new float[this->N];
std::complex<float>* in;
fftwf_plan pr;
in = (std::complex<float>*)fftwf_malloc(sizeof(std::complex<float>) * this->N);
out = (float*)fftwf_malloc(sizeof(float) * this->N);
pr = fftwf_plan_dft_c2r_2d(this->nRows, this->nCols, reinterpret_cast<fftwf_complex*>(in), out, FFTW_ESTIMATE);
for (int i = 0; i < this->nRows; i++)
{
for (int j = 0; j < this->nCols; j++)
{
in[i * this->nCols + j] = this->dft2D(i, j);
}
}
fftwf_execute(pr);
for (int i = 0; i < this->N; i++)
{
this->idft[i] = out[i] / this->N; // fftw does unnormalized inverse transforms.
}
fftwf_free(out);
fftwf_free(in);
fftwf_destroy_plan(pr);
}
编辑:按照建议删除了一些代码 EDIT2:删除图像,添加内容为文本。
【问题讨论】:
-
@Evg 我删除了一些代码并更新了输出图像。我希望你现在能有所作为:)
-
2D FFT 等价于所有行的 FFT,然后是所有结果列的 FFT。看起来你只做第一部分?
-
二维变换不等同于
M一维变换。 -
@PaulR 我检查了我需要实现的目标,它是一个 2D MxN FFT。感谢您让我想到这一点,我以前没有意识到这一点。
-
@L.vanAgtmaal:没问题——这都是学习经历的一部分。 ;-)
标签: c++ multidimensional-array fft fftw