什么是内斜接计算？

Question

我找到了以下算法来生成多边形轮廓：

void CGlShape::GenerateLinePoly(std::vector<DOUBLEPOINT> &input, int width)
{
 OutlineVec.clear();
 if(input.size() < 2)
 {
  return;
 }


 if(connected)
 {
  input.push_back(input[0]);
  input.push_back(input[1]);
 }


 float w = width / 2.0f;

 //glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);
 for( size_t i = 0; i < input.size()-1; ++i )
 {
  POINTFLOAT cur;
  cur.x = input[i].point[0];
  cur.y = input[i].point[1];


  POINTFLOAT nxt;


  nxt.x = input[i+1].point[0];
  nxt.y = input[i+1].point[1];

  POINTFLOAT b;
  b.x = nxt.x - cur.x;
  b.y = nxt.y - cur.y;

  b = normalize(b);



  POINTFLOAT b_perp;
  b_perp.x = -b.y;
  b_perp.y = b.x;


  POINTFLOAT p0;
  POINTFLOAT p1;
  POINTFLOAT p2;
  POINTFLOAT p3;

  p0.x = cur.x + b_perp.x * w;
  p0.y = cur.y + b_perp.y * w;

  p1.x = cur.x - b_perp.x * w;
  p1.y = cur.y - b_perp.y * w;

  p2.x = nxt.x + b_perp.x * w;
  p2.y = nxt.y + b_perp.y * w;

  p3.x = nxt.x - b_perp.x * w;
  p3.y = nxt.y - b_perp.y * w;

  OutlineVec.push_back(p0.x);
  OutlineVec.push_back(p0.y);
  OutlineVec.push_back(p1.x);
  OutlineVec.push_back(p1.y);
  OutlineVec.push_back(p2.x);
  OutlineVec.push_back(p2.y);

  OutlineVec.push_back(p2.x);
  OutlineVec.push_back(p2.y);
  OutlineVec.push_back(p1.x);
  OutlineVec.push_back(p1.y);
  OutlineVec.push_back(p3.x);
  OutlineVec.push_back(p3.y);



  // only do joins when we have a prv
  if( i == 0 ) continue;


  POINTFLOAT prv;
  prv.x = input[i-1].point[0];
  prv.y = input[i-1].point[1];

  POINTFLOAT a;
  a.x = prv.x - cur.x;
  a.y = prv.y - cur.y;

  a = normalize(a);

  POINTFLOAT a_perp;
  a_perp.x = a.y;
  a_perp.y = -a.x;

  float det = a.x * b.y  - b.x * a.y;
  if( det > 0 )
  {
   a_perp.x = -a_perp.x;
   a_perp.y = -a_perp.y;

   b_perp.x = -b_perp.x;
   b_perp.y = -b_perp.y;
  }

  // TODO: do inner miter calculation

  // flip around normals and calculate round join points
  a_perp.x = -a_perp.x;
  a_perp.y = -a_perp.y;

  b_perp.x = -b_perp.x;
  b_perp.y = -b_perp.y;

  size_t num_pts = 16;

  std::vector< POINTFLOAT> round( 1 + num_pts + 1 );
  POINTFLOAT nc;
  nc.x = cur.x + (a_perp.x * w);
  nc.y = cur.y + (a_perp.y * w);

  round.front() = nc;

  nc.x = cur.x + (b_perp.x * w);
  nc.y = cur.y + (b_perp.y * w);

  round.back() = nc;

  for( size_t j = 1; j < num_pts+1; ++j )
  {
   float t = (float)j/(float)(num_pts+1);
   if( det > 0 )
   {
    POINTFLOAT nin;
    nin = slerp2d( b_perp, a_perp, 1.0f-t );
    nin.x *= w;
    nin.y *= w;

    nin.x += cur.x;
    nin.y += cur.y;

    round[j] = nin;
   }
   else
   {
    POINTFLOAT nin;
    nin = slerp2d( a_perp, b_perp, t );
    nin.x *= w;
    nin.y *= w;

    nin.x += cur.x;
    nin.y += cur.y;

    round[j] = nin;
   }
  }

  for( size_t j = 0; j < round.size()-1; ++j )
  {

   OutlineVec.push_back(cur.x);
   OutlineVec.push_back(cur.y);


   if( det > 0 )
   {
    OutlineVec.push_back(round[j + 1].x);
    OutlineVec.push_back(round[j + 1].y);
    OutlineVec.push_back(round[j].x);
    OutlineVec.push_back(round[j].y);
   }
   else
   {

    OutlineVec.push_back(round[j].x);
    OutlineVec.push_back(round[j].y);

    OutlineVec.push_back(round[j + 1].x);
    OutlineVec.push_back(round[j + 1].y);
   }
  }
 }

}

    POINTFLOAT multiply(const POINTFLOAT &a, float b)
    {
     POINTFLOAT result;
     result.x = a.x * b;
     result.y = a.y * b;
     return result;
    }

    POINTFLOAT normalize(const POINTFLOAT &a)
    {
     return multiply(a, 1.0f/sqrt(a.x*a.x+a.y*a.y));
    }


    POINTFLOAT slerp2d( const POINTFLOAT &v0, 
           const POINTFLOAT &v1, float t )
    {
     float dot = (v0.x * v1.x + v0.y * v1.y);

     if( dot < -1.0f ) dot = -1.0f;
     if( dot > 1.0f ) dot = 1.0f;

     float theta_0 = acos( dot );
     float theta = theta_0 * t;

     POINTFLOAT v2;
     v2.x = -v0.y;
     v2.y = v0.x;

     POINTFLOAT result;
     result.x = v0.x * cos(theta) + v2.x * sin(theta);
     result.y = v0.y * cos(theta) + v2.y * sin(theta);

     return result;
    }

有评论说应该执行内部斜接计算，但我不确定这是什么或应该如何完成。现在这个算法产生圆形边缘，但我想修改它以制作斜接边缘（方形），这怎么能做到？是否涉及内斜接计算？

谢谢

Answer 1

尝试对我的other answer进行此修改：

// v0 and v1 are normalized
// t can vary between 0 and 1
// http://number-none.com/product/Understanding%20Slerp,%20Then%20Not%20Using%20It/
Vector2f slerp2d( const Vector2f& v0, const Vector2f& v1, float t )
{
    float dot = v0.dot(v1);
    if( dot < -1.0f ) dot = -1.0f;
    if( dot > 1.0f ) dot = 1.0f;

    float theta_0 = acos( dot );
    float theta = theta_0 * t;

    Vector2f v2( -v0.y(), v0.x() );

    return ( v0*cos(theta) + v2*sin(theta) );
}


void glPolyline( const vector<Vector2f>& polyline, float width )
{
    if( polyline.size() < 2 ) return;
    float w = width / 2.0f;

    glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);
    for( size_t i = 0; i < polyline.size()-1; ++i )
    {
        const Vector2f& cur = polyline[ i ];
        const Vector2f& nxt = polyline[i+1];

        Vector2f b = (nxt - cur).normalized();
        Vector2f b_perp( -b.y(), b.x() );

        Vector2f p0( cur + b_perp*w );
        Vector2f p1( cur - b_perp*w );
        Vector2f p2( nxt + b_perp*w );
        Vector2f p3( nxt - b_perp*w );

        // first triangle
        glVertex2fv( p0.data() );
        glVertex2fv( p1.data() );
        glVertex2fv( p2.data() );
        // second triangle
        glVertex2fv( p2.data() );
        glVertex2fv( p1.data() );
        glVertex2fv( p3.data() );

        // only do joins when we have a prv
        if( i == 0 ) continue;

        const Vector2f& prv = polyline[i-1];
        Vector2f a = (prv - cur).normalized();
        Vector2f a_perp( a.y(), -a.x() );

        float det = a.x()*b.y() - b.x()*a.y();
        if( det > 0 )
        {
            a_perp = -a_perp;
            b_perp = -b_perp;
        }

        // TODO: do inner miter calculation

        // flip around normals and calculate round join points
        a_perp = -a_perp;
        b_perp = -b_perp;

        size_t num_pts = 1;
        vector< Vector2f > round( 1 + num_pts + 1 );
        for( size_t j = 0; j <= num_pts+1; ++j )
        {
            float t = (float)j/(float)(num_pts+1);
            if( det > 0 )
                round[j] = cur + (slerp2d( b_perp, a_perp, 1.0f-t ) * w);
            else
                round[j] = cur + (slerp2d( a_perp, b_perp, t ) * w);
        }

        ///////////////////////
        // new outer miter code
        float theta = acos( a.dot(b) ) / 2.0;
        float val = w / tan( theta );
        float miter_length = sqrt( w*w + val*val );
        Vector2f miter = ((a_perp+b_perp)*0.5).normalized() * miter_length;

        round[1] = cur + miter;
        // end new outer miter code
        ///////////////////////

        for( size_t j = 0; j < round.size()-1; ++j )
        {
            glVertex2fv( cur.data() );
            if( det > 0 )
            {
                glVertex2fv( round[j+1].data() );
                glVertex2fv( round[j+0].data() );
            }
            else
            {
                glVertex2fv( round[j+0].data() );
                glVertex2fv( round[j+1].data() );
            }
        }
    }
    glEnd();
}

Answer 2

代码在多边形轮廓上放置圆角（斜接），但只在外边缘。

如果您可以将正方形的轮廓概念化为一个大的黑色盒子，其中有一个较小的白色盒子，则此代码将围绕黑色盒子的边缘，而不是白色盒子的边缘
_{(这只是一个思考练习，代码实际上并不是这样工作的）}

这就是slerp 的全部内容；它在垂直于第一条边和第二条边的方向之间进行插值，并沿圆弧添加点。

评论建议有人应该对内部角落做同样的事情。