从 Dockerfile 构建 Docker 映像的问题

Question

我的任务是使用 ubuntu:18.10 从我自己的 Dockerfile 创建一个 docker 容器，并在该容器中运行 pdflatex。我的系统是MacOs，我的Dockerfile是这样的：

FROM ubuntu:18.10

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install texlive-fonts-recommended \
    texlive-generic-recommended \
    texlive-latex-extra \
    texlive-fonts-extra \
    dvipng \
    texlive-latex-recommended \
    texlive-base \
    texlive-pictures \
    texlive-lang-cyrillic \
    texlive-science \
    cm-super \
    texlive-generic-extra

CMD ["bash"]

我在终端中输入这一行，同时在 Dockerfile 所在的目录中：

docker build .

我得到的输出是这样的：

[+] Building 1.7s (5/5) FINISHED                                                
 => [internal] load build definition from Dockerfile                       0.0s
 => => transferring dockerfile: 455B                                       0.0s
 => [internal] load .dockerignore                                          0.0s
 => => transferring context: 2B                                            0.0s
 => [internal] load metadata for docker.io/library/ubuntu:18.10            0.0s
 => CACHED [1/2] FROM docker.io/library/ubuntu:18.10                       0.0s
 => ERROR [2/2] RUN apt-get update && apt-get install texlive-fonts-recom  1.6s
------                                                                          
 > [2/2] RUN apt-get update && apt-get install texlive-fonts-recommended     texlive-generic-recommended     texlive-latex-extra     texlive-fonts-extra     dvipng     texlive-latex-recommended     texlive-base     texlive-pictures     texlive-lang-cyrillic     texlive-science     cm-super     texlive-generic-extra:   
#5 1.239 Ign:1 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic InRelease                
#5 1.291 Ign:2 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-updates InRelease
#5 1.343 Ign:3 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-backports InRelease
#5 1.366 Ign:4 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-security InRelease
#5 1.394 Err:5 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic Release
#5 1.394   404  Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.142 80]
#5 1.447 Err:6 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-updates Release
#5 1.447   404  Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.142 80]
#5 1.482 Err:7 http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-security Release
#5 1.482   404  Not Found [IP: 91.189.91.39 80]
#5 1.497 Err:8 http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-backports Release
#5 1.498   404  Not Found [IP: 91.189.88.142 80]
#5 1.507 Reading package lists...
#5 1.537 E: The repository 'http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic Release' does not have a Release file.
#5 1.538 E: The repository 'http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-updates Release' does not have a Release file.
#5 1.539 E: The repository 'http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-security Release' does not have a Release file.
#5 1.540 E: The repository 'http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu cosmic-backports Release' does not have a Release file.
------
executor failed running [/bin/sh -c apt-get update && apt-get install texlive-fonts-recommended     texlive-generic-recommended     texlive-latex-extra     texlive-fonts-extra     dvipng     texlive-latex-recommended     texlive-base     texlive-pictures     texlive-lang-cyrillic     texlive-science     cm-super     texlive-generic-extra]: exit code: 100

据我了解，安装 pdflatex 包时出现问题，但我不明白错误是什么以及如何解决。你能告诉我该怎么做吗？

Answer 1

默认存储库已弃用。

将 /etc/apt/sources.list 中的存储库 *.ubuntu.com 替换为 old-releases.ubuntu.com 并使用以下内容（这是整个 Dockerfile）：

FROM ubuntu:18.10

RUN sed -i 's/archive.ubuntu.com/old-releases.ubuntu.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list
RUN sed -i 's/security.ubuntu.com/old-releases.ubuntu.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y texlive-fonts-recommended \
    texlive-generic-recommended \
    texlive-latex-extra \
    texlive-fonts-extra \
    dvipng \
    texlive-latex-recommended \
    texlive-base \
    texlive-pictures \
    texlive-lang-cyrillic \
    texlive-science \
    cm-super \
    texlive-generic-extra

CMD ["bash"]

请注意，我在apt-get install 命令中添加了-y，因为我想自动同意安装。