WCF HTTP/SOAP Webservice - 在错误中返回异常消息

Question

我有一个简单的 WCF HTTP/SOAP Web 服务，服务实现看起来像这样：

public CustomResponse DoSomething(CustomRequest request)
{
    try
    {
        return InternalGubbins.WithErrorHandling.ProcessRequest(request);
    }
    catch
    {
        // Some sort of error occurred that is not gracefully
        // handled elsewhere in the framework
        throw new SoapException("Hmmm, it would seem that the cogs are meshed!", SoapException.ServerFaultCode);
    }
}

现在，如果抛出 SoapException，我希望将异常消息（即Hmmm, it would seem that the cogs are meshed!）返回给调用客户端，而不需要任何额外的异常细节（即堆栈跟踪）。

如果我将 includeExceptionDetailInFaults 设置为 true（服务器上的 web.config），那么带有堆栈跟踪等的完整异常将返回给客户端。但是，如果我将其设置为 false，我会收到一条通用消息：

服务器无法处理 由于内部错误而请求。为了 有关错误的更多信息， 要么打开 IncludeExceptionDetailInFaults（要么 来自 ServiceBehaviorAttribute 或来自 配置 行为）在服务器上，以便 将异常信息发回给 客户端，或根据 Microsoft .NET Framework 3.0 SDK 文档并检查服务器 跟踪日志。

所以问题是，我怎样才能将我的 SoapException 消息返回给调用客户端？即：

<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2003/05/soap-envelope" xmlns:a="http://www.w3.org/2005/08/addressing">
    <s:Header>
        <a:Action s:mustUnderstand="1">http://schemas.microsoft.com/net/2005/12/windowscommunicationfoundation/dispatcher/fault</a:Action>
        <a:RelatesTo>urn:uuid:185719f4-6113-4126-b956-7290be375342</a:RelatesTo>
    </s:Header>
    <s:Body>
        <s:Fault>
            <s:Code>
                <s:Value>s:Receiver</s:Value>
                <s:Subcode>
                    <s:Value xmlns:a="http://schemas.microsoft.com/net/2005/12/windowscommunicationfoundation/dispatcher">a:InternalServiceFault</s:Value>
                </s:Subcode>
            </s:Code>
            <s:Reason>
                <s:Text xml:lang="en-GB">Hmmm, it would seem that the cogs are meshed!</s:Text>
            </s:Reason>
        </s:Fault>
    </s:Body>
</s:Envelope>

Answer 1

我认为您需要在操作上声明一个 FaultContract 并使用 FaultException（SoapException 是 WCF 之前的）。如果它们不属于服务合同的一部分，我相信 WCF 不会将故障发送回客户端。我从未尝试过 SoapException，但肯定抛出一个 FaultException 对我来说一直都很好。

[ServiceContract()]    
public interface ISomeService
{
     [OperationContract]
     [FaultContract(typeof(MyFault))]
     CustomResponse DoSomething(CustomRequest request)
}

public class SomeService
{
    public CustomResponse DoSomething(CustomRequest request)
    {
        ...
        throw new FaultException<MyFault>(new MyFault());
    }
}

Answer 2

如果您不想定义自定义异常类型，那么试试这个

try    
{        
    return InternalGubbins.WithErrorHandling.ProcessRequest(request);    
}    
catch    
{
    throw new FaultException("Hmmm, it would seem that the cogs are meshed.");    
}

这样做会向客户端发送以下响应

<s:Envelope xmlns:s="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
  <s:Header />
  <s:Body>
    <s:Fault>
      <faultcode>s:Client</faultcode>
      <faultstring xml:lang="en-US">Hmmm, it would seem that the cogs are meshed.</faultstring>
    </s:Fault>
  </s:Body>
</s:Envelope>