从非标准事件创建 Observable（无 EventArgs / EventHandler）

Question

我想为一个定义如下的事件创建一个 Observable：

public event Func<Exception, Task> Closed;

我目前的代码是这样的：

Observable.FromEvent<Func<Exception, Task>, Unit>(h => hub.Closed += h, h=> hub.Closed -= h); 

编译正常，但是抛出了这个运行时异常：

System.ArgumentException: '无法绑定到目标方法，因为 其签名或安全透明度与 委托类型。'

我觉得我做错了。我不习惯从不遵循 EventArgs 模式的事件创建 observables ????

编辑：仅出于说明目的，这是具有经典事件处理外观的完整代码：

class Program
{
    static async Task Main(string[] args)
    {
        var hub = new HubConnectionBuilder().WithUrl("http://localhost:49791/hubs/status")
            .Build();

        hub.On<Status>("SendAction", status => Console.WriteLine($"Altitude: {status.Altitude:F} m"));
        await hub.StartAsync();

        hub.Closed += HubOnClosed;

        while (true)
        {
        }
    }

    private static Task HubOnClosed(Exception arg)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("The connection to the hub has been closed");
        return Task.CompletedTask;
    }
}

Answer 1

您需要转换重载。每次我查到这个东西我都会关闭：

IObservable<TEventArgs> Observable.FromEvent<TDelegate, TEventArgs>(
    Func<Action<TEventArgs>, TDelegate> conversion, 
    Action<TDelegate> addHandler, 
    Action<TDelegate> removeHandler>
)

所以在我们的例子中，TEventArgs 是Exception，TDelegate 是Func<Exception, Task>，所以你需要将Action<Exception> 转换为Func<Exception, Task>>，换句话说：Func<Action<Exception>, Func<Exception, Task>>。我假设转换看起来像这样：a => e => {a(e); return Task.CompletedTask; }。

System.Reactive 需要此转换函数，因为它需要使用适当的委托订阅事件，并以某种方式挂钩您的代码/RX Plumbing 代码。在这种情况下，a(e) 基本上是 RX 管道，然后将异常传递给稍后在反应管道中处理。

完整代码：

class Program
{
    static async Task Main(string[] args)
    {

        Program.Closed += Program.HubOnClosed;
        Observable.FromEvent<Func<Exception, Task>, Exception>(
            a => e => {a(e); return Task.CompletedTask; }, 
            h => Program.Closed += h, 
            h => Program.Closed -= h
        )
            .Subscribe(e =>
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Rx: The connection to the hub has been closed");
            });

        Program.Closed.Invoke(null);
        Program.Closed.Invoke(null);
    }

    private static Task HubOnClosed(Exception arg)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("The connection to the hub has been closed");
        return Task.CompletedTask;
    }

    public static event Func<Exception, Task> Closed;
}

Answer 2

这样的事情可以解决问题吗？

class Program
{
    public event Func<Exception, Task> Closed;

    static void Main(string[] args)
    {
        Program p = new Program();
        IObservable<Unit> closedObservable = Observable.Create<Unit>(
            observer =>
            {
                Func<Exception, Task> handler = ex =>
                {
                    observer.OnNext(Unit.Default);
                    return Task.CompletedTask;
                };

                p.Closed += handler;

                return () => p.Closed -= handler;
            });
    }
}

Observable.Create() 是此类异常情况的有用回退。

顺便说一句，有一个带有非 void 返回委托的事件是非常奇怪的，因为引发事件的代码只会看到最后一个要运行的处理程序的值 - 除非它在某些非空的情况下引发事件标准方式。但是，因为它是库代码，所以你无法控制！

Answer 3

尝试以下方法，不要使用您想要的签名，而是尝试一些东西：

class Program
{
        public delegate void ClosedEventHandler(object sender, Func<Exception, Task> e);
        public ClosedEventHandler Closed { get; set; }    

        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Program hub = new Program();
            hub.Closed = hub.SomethingToDoWhenClosed;    
            Observable
                .FromEventPattern<ClosedEventHandler, Func<Exception, Task>>(
                    h => hub.Closed += h,
                    h => hub.Closed -= h)
                .Subscribe(x =>
                {
                    // this is hit
                });    
            hub.Closed(hub, e => null);
        }

        public void SomethingToDoWhenClosed(object sender, Func<Exception, Task> e)
        {
        }
}