减少 Xamarin.Android 项目的构建时间答案

【问题标题】：Reduce build time Xamarin.Android project减少 Xamarin.Android 项目的构建时间
【发布时间】：2018-07-11 20:36:34
【问题描述】：

目前，我们的 Android 项目的构建时间非常长。

对于具有以下资产数量的 Xamarin Android 项目，这是（请参阅下面的构建日志）正常构建时间吗？

350 个可绘制对象
210 个布局文件
65 个值的 xml 文件

您对加快构建时间有什么建议吗？这真的很烦人。

PS。我们还有一个问题是，每次我们更改 xml 文件中的某些内容时（例如更改布局文件中的颜色时），我们都需要进行干净的构建。

这是我为 Android 模拟器进行干净的 DEBUG 构建时的构建日志：

Done building project "MyApp.Droid.csproj".

Project Evaluation Performance Summary:
139 ms /Users/stefan/Projects/myapp/Core/CoreApp.Core.csproj 2 calls

Project Performance Summary:
70 ms /Users/stefan/Projects/myapp/Core/CoreApp.Core.csproj 4 calls
166920 ms /Users/stefan/Projects/myapp/Droid/CoreApp.Droid.csproj 1 calls

Target Performance Summary:
* ms GetCopyToOutputDirectoryItems 1 calls
0 ms PrepareResourceNames 1 calls
0 ms BeforeResGen 1 calls
0 ms AfterBuild 1 calls
0 ms RunCodeAnalysis 1 calls
0 ms _XamarinBuildAddDownloadedItems 1 calls
0 ms _XamarinBuildDownload 1 calls
0 ms SetWin32ManifestProperties 1 calls
0 ms RunXamarinPackageAnalysis 1 calls
0 ms BeforeResolveReferences 1 calls
0 ms GenerateManifests 1 calls
0 ms RunXamarinProjectAnalysis 1 calls
0 ms UpdateAndroidResources 1 calls
0 ms _XamarinBuildDownloadMasterTarget 1 calls
0 ms PrepareProjectReferences 1 calls
0 ms ResolveNativeReferences 1 calls
0 ms CreateCustomManifestResourceNames 1 calls
0 ms ResolveReferences 1 calls
0 ms GetFrameworkPaths 1 calls
0 ms ResGen 1 calls
0 ms CoreBuild 1 calls
0 ms PrepareForRun 1 calls
0 ms BeforeBuild 1 calls
0 ms CreateSatelliteAssemblies 1 calls
0 ms AfterResolveReferences 1 calls
0 ms Compile 1 calls
0 ms _CopySourceItemsToOutputDirectory 1 calls
0 ms _LinkAssemblies 1 calls
0 ms PrepareResources 1 calls
0 ms AfterResGen 1 calls
0 ms _ResolveMonoAndroidFramework 1 calls
0 ms UpdateAndroidAssets 1 calls
0 ms BeforeCompile 1 calls
0 ms GetTargetFrameworkProperties 1 calls
0 ms AfterCompile 1 calls
0 ms _UpdateAndroidResources 1 calls
0 ms _SetupDesignTimeBuildForBuild 1 calls
0 ms BuildOnlySettings 1 calls
0 ms BclBuildSetRunningFullBuild 1 calls
0 ms _SetupDesignTimeBuildForIntellisense 1 calls
0 ms _XamarinAndroidSupportVectorDrawableArgs 1 calls
0 ms ResolveSDKReferences 1 calls
0 ms _IncludeInstanceRunReference 1 calls
0 ms _ValidateLinkMode 1 calls
0 ms _CheckTargetFramework 1 calls
0 ms _RoslynPublicSignHack 1 calls
0 ms Build 1 calls
0 ms _EmitXamarinProjectAnalysisResults 1 calls
0 ms _CheckForContent 1 calls
0 ms _EmitXamarinPackageAnalysisResults 1 calls
0 ms ComputeIntermediateSatelliteAssemblies 1 calls
0 ms ExpandSDKReferences 1 calls
0 ms ProcessGoogleServicesJsonChecks 1 calls
0 ms _SetupInstantRun 1 calls
0 ms _SetupApplicationJavaClass 1 calls
0 ms BclBuildGetTargetPath 1 calls
0 ms _SeparateAppExtensionReferences 1 calls
0 ms _SetupDesignTimeBuildForCompile 1 calls
0 ms GetTargetPath 2 calls
0 ms _ReadPropertiesCache 1 calls
0 ms GetInstalledSDKLocations 1 calls
0 ms _SetTargetFrameworkMonikerAttribute 1 calls
0 ms GetNativeManifest 1 calls
0 ms _GetReferenceAssemblyPaths 1 calls
0 ms _CheckForDeletedResourceFile 1 calls
0 ms BclBuildAddProjectReferenceProperties 1 calls
0 ms _CheckForCompileOutputs 1 calls
0 ms _AddMultiDexDependencyJars 1 calls
0 ms _DefineBuildTargetAbis 1 calls
0 ms _CheckInstantRunCondition 1 calls
0 ms _GenerateSatelliteAssemblyInputs 1 calls
0 ms _CheckProjectItems 1 calls
0 ms _ValidateResourceCache 1 calls
0 ms VectorDrawableCheckBuildToolsVersionTask 1 calls
0 ms _CalculateAdditionalResourceCacheDirectories 1 calls
0 ms _SetEmbeddedWin32ManifestProperties 1 calls
1 ms _CreateAdditionalResourceCache 5 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_supportv4 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_transition 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_supportcoreui 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_supportcompat 1 calls
1 ms _CreatePackageWorkspace 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_supportannotations 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_supportfragment 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_firebaseanalytics 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_firebaseiid 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_recyclerviewv7 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_firebasecommon 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_playservicesmaps 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_firebaseanalyticsimpl 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_supportvectordrawable 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_supportmediacompat 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_playservicesanalytics 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_playservicesbase 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_playservicestasks 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_playservicesads 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_playservicesgass 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_supportcoreutils 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_playservicesanalyticsimpl 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_playservicesadslite 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_playservicestagmanagerv4impl 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_customtabs 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_playservicesgcm 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_playservicesbasement 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_playservicesclearcut 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_design 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_playservicesiid 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_cardviewv7 1 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_appcompatv7 1 calls
1 ms GenerateTargetFrameworkMonikerAttribute 1 calls
1 ms _SplitProjectReferencesByFileExistence 2 calls
1 ms _GenerateCompileInputs 1 calls
1 ms _GetAdditionalResourcesFromAssemblies 1 calls
1 ms _GetMonoPlatformJarPath 1 calls
1 ms _CheckForInvalidConfigurationAndPlatform 1 calls
1 ms _StripEmbeddedLibraries 1 calls
1 ms _CompileDex 1 calls
1 ms CoreResGen 1 calls
1 ms AssignProjectConfiguration 1 calls
1 ms _GetLibraryImports 1 calls
1 ms GetTargetPathWithTargetPlatformMoniker 2 calls
1 ms _XbdRestoreItems_animatedvectordrawable 1 calls
2 ms CheckAbiAndMinSDK 1 calls
2 ms _ExtractLibraryProjectImports 1 calls
2 ms _GetAddOnPlatformLibraries 1 calls
2 ms CreateManifestResourceNames 1 calls
2 ms SplitResourcesByCulture 1 calls
2 ms _ComputeAndroidAssetsPaths 1 calls
2 ms _CheckDuplicateJavaLibraries 1 calls
4 ms _ValidateAndroidPackageProperties 1 calls
4 ms GetReferenceAssemblyPaths 1 calls
4 ms _CreatePropertiesCache 1 calls
4 ms BclBuildValidateNugetPackageReferences 1 calls
5 ms _CreateIntermediateAssembliesDir 1 calls
5 ms _AddDebugStaticResources 1 calls
6 ms PrepareForBuild 1 calls
9 ms _XamarinAndroidBuildResourceRestore 1 calls
10 ms AssignTargetPaths 2 calls
11 ms _ResolveMonoAndroidSdks 1 calls
12 ms _WriteResolvedAssemblies 1 calls
13 ms _PrepareAssemblies 1 calls
13 ms BclBuildDetermineReferencesToRedirect 1 calls
14 ms _CopyConfigFiles 1 calls
16 ms _ConvertPdbFiles 1 calls
16 ms _GeneratePackageManagerJava 1 calls
20 ms _AddStaticResources 1 calls
26 ms _CollectConfigFiles 1 calls
30 ms _GetPrimaryCpuAbi 1 calls
35 ms _CollectPdbFiles 1 calls
36 ms _XamarinAndroidBuildAarRestore 1 calls
37 ms _CollectMdbFiles 1 calls
39 ms _DetermineJavaLibrariesToCompile 1 calls
42 ms CopyFilesToOutputDirectory 1 calls
67 ms _CollectMonoAndroidOutputs 1 calls
69 ms _GenerateCompileDependencyCache 1 calls
81 ms ImplicitlyExpandDesignTimeFacades 1 calls
84 ms _GenerateAndroidAssetsDir 1 calls
87 ms FindReferenceAssembliesForReferences 1 calls
93 ms _GetProjectReferenceTargetFrameworkProperties 2 calls
103 ms _ComputeAndroidResourcePaths 1 calls
105 ms ResolveProjectReferences 1 calls
122 ms _BuildAdditionalResourcesCache 1 calls
128 ms _CheckTargetFrameworks 1 calls
148 ms _XamarinAndroidBuildAarProguardConfigs 1 calls
195 ms _BuildLibraryImportsCache 1 calls
204 ms _CopyMdbFiles 1 calls
218 ms _ResolveSatellitePaths 1 calls
236 ms _FindJavaStubFiles 1 calls
245 ms ResolveAssemblyReferences 1 calls
259 ms IncrementalClean 1 calls
265 ms _FindCompiledJavaFiles 1 calls
384 ms _CleanGetCurrentAndPriorFileWrites 1 calls
402 ms _AdjustJavacVersionArguments 1 calls
449 ms _SetLatestTargetFrameworkVersion 1 calls
616 ms _ResolveAssemblies 1 calls
2325 ms _CopyFilesMarkedCopyLocal 1 calls
3294 ms _CopyIntermediateAssemblies 1 calls
3582 ms CoreCompile 1 calls
3708 ms _LinkAssembliesNoShrink 1 calls
4267 ms _GenerateAndroidResourceDir 1 calls
5510 ms _ResolveLibraryProjectImports 1 calls
6131 ms _GenerateJavaDesignerForComponent 1 calls
15153 ms _CompileJava 1 calls
15530 ms _GenerateJavaStubs 1 calls
27014 ms _CreateBaseApk 1 calls
34145 ms _CompileToDalvikWithDx 1 calls
41166 ms _UpdateAndroidResgen 1 calls
(* = timing was not recorded because of reentrancy)

Task Performance Summary:
* ms MSBuild 4 calls
0 ms GetFrameworkPath 1 calls
0 ms CheckProjectItems 1 calls
0 ms GetAppSettingsDirectory 1 calls
0 ms CalculateAdditionalResourceCacheDirectories 1 calls
0 ms VectorDrawableCheckBuildToolsVersionTask 1 calls
0 ms ResolveNonMSBuildProjectOutput 1 calls
0 ms GetReferenceAssemblyPaths 2 calls
0 ms GetAndroidDefineConstants 1 calls
1 ms AssignCulture 1 calls
1 ms ReadAdditionalResourcesFromAssemblyCache 1 calls
1 ms GetExtraPackages 2 calls
1 ms ReadLinesFromFile 1 calls
1 ms CreateTemporaryDirectory 2 calls
1 ms GetMonoPlatformJar 1 calls
1 ms GetJavaPlatformJar 1 calls
1 ms AssignProjectConfiguration 1 calls
1 ms CreateCSharpManifestResourceName 1 calls
1 ms ReadImportedLibrariesCache 1 calls
1 ms XmlPeek 1 calls
1 ms GetAndroidPackageName 1 calls
2 ms ReadLibraryProjectImportsCache 1 calls
2 ms GetAddOnPlatformLibraries 1 calls
2 ms CheckDuplicateJavaLibraries 1 calls
2 ms MakeDir 6 calls
2 ms CollectLibraryAssets 1 calls
3 ms AssignTargetPath 10 calls
3 ms Message 17 calls
4 ms ValidatePackageReferences 1 calls
5 ms FindAppConfigFile 1 calls
6 ms RemoveDirFixed 2 calls
8 ms ConvertDebuggingFiles 1 calls
8 ms XamarinBuildAndroidResourceRestore 1 calls
9 ms CreateResgenManifest 1 calls
9 ms CreateAndroidResourceStamp 1 calls
11 ms ConvertToAbsolutePath 1 calls
12 ms CreateProperty 70 calls
13 ms CopyConfigFiles 1 calls
13 ms CollectPdbFiles 1 calls
15 ms GeneratePackageManagerJava 1 calls
16 ms CopyResource 4 calls
17 ms Delete 3 calls
18 ms Hash 1 calls
19 ms CopyGeneratedJavaResourceClasses 2 calls
20 ms GetFilesThatExist 2 calls
23 ms CopyIfChanged 1 calls
30 ms GetPrimaryCpuAbi 1 calls
36 ms XamarinBuildAndroidAarRestore 1 calls
38 ms DetermineJavaLibrariesToCompile 1 calls
78 ms CopyMdbFiles 1 calls
81 ms WriteLinesToFile 6 calls
104 ms AndroidComputeResPaths 2 calls
121 ms GetAdditionalResourcesFromAssemblies 1 calls
128 ms CheckTargetFrameworks 1 calls
142 ms RemoveUnknownFiles 2 calls
146 ms XamarinBuildAndroidAarProguardConfigs 1 calls
195 ms GetImportedLibraries 1 calls
198 ms RemoveDuplicates 2 calls
212 ms FindUnderPath 5 calls
272 ms Touch 13 calls
402 ms AdjustJavacVersionArguments 1 calls
405 ms GenerateResourceDesigner 1 calls
448 ms ResolveSdks 1 calls
461 ms ResolveAssemblyReference 2 calls
595 ms ResolveAssemblies 1 calls
627 ms CreateItem 263 calls
3579 ms Csc 1 calls
3695 ms LinkAssemblies 1 calls
5509 ms ResolveLibraryProjectImports 1 calls
8166 ms GenerateJavaStubs 1 calls
9682 ms Copy 9 calls
15079 ms CreateMultiDexMainDexClassList 1 calls
15150 ms Javac 1 calls
19063 ms CompileToDalvik 1 calls
33129 ms Aapt 3 calls
48058 ms ConvertResourcesCases 3 calls
(* = timing was not recorded because of reentrancy)

Build succeeded.

Time Elapsed 00:02:46.92

构建配置如下：

<PropertyGroup Condition=" '$(Configuration)|$(Platform)' == 'MyApp-Debug|AndroidEmulator' ">
                <MonoAndroidResourcePrefix>Resources;Resources-MyApp</MonoAndroidResourcePrefix>
                <MonoAndroidAssetsPrefix>Assets;Assets-myapp</MonoAndroidAssetsPrefix>
                <AndroidResgenFile>Resources-MyApp\ResourceMyApp.designer.cs</AndroidResgenFile>
                    <AndroidExplicitCrunch>false</AndroidExplicitCrunch>
                <DebugSymbols>true</DebugSymbols>
                <DebugType>full</DebugType>
                <Optimize>false</Optimize>
                <OutputPath>bin\MyApp-Debug\AndroidEmulator</OutputPath>
                <DefineConstants>TRACE;MyApp;DEBUG</DefineConstants>
                <ErrorReport>prompt</ErrorReport>
                <WarningLevel>4</WarningLevel>
                <ConsolePause>false</ConsolePause>
                <EmbedAssembliesIntoApk>false</EmbedAssembliesIntoApk>
                <RunCodeAnalysis>true</RunCodeAnalysis>
                <AndroidEnableMultiDex>true</AndroidEnableMultiDex>
                <AndroidLinkMode>None</AndroidLinkMode>
                <AndroidUseSharedRuntime>true</AndroidUseSharedRuntime>
                <AndroidSupportedAbis>x86</AndroidSupportedAbis>
                <JavaMaximumHeapSize>2G</JavaMaximumHeapSize>
            </PropertyGroup>

【问题讨论】：

拥有这么多资产，是的，其次，如果清理和构建对您来说很忙，我建议您重新构建。

标签： xamarin build msbuild xamarin.android visual-studio-mac

【解决方案1】：

目前，我们的 Android 项目的构建时间非常长。

这对于包含Xamarin.Forms 和所有相应支持库的Xamarin.Android 应用程序来说是相当正常的。正如您在Performance Summary 中看到的，我们看到资源解析大约需要 33 秒（aapt），java 编译大约需要 15 秒（javac），dex 编译大约需要 19 秒。

如果您想进一步深入研究，可以使用Diagnostic Build Output 并在命令行上手动调用这些命令，看看它们需要多长时间。其中大部分是由 Android SDK 构建工具完成的工作，这在某种程度上是一个瓶颈。

以下 Android Studio 文档中也有一些很棒的技巧，也可以应用于Xamarin.Android 项目：

https://developer.android.com/studio/build/optimize-your-build.html

我们还有一个问题，每次我们更改 xml 文件中的某些内容（例如更改布局文件中的颜色时）时，我们都需要进行干净的构建 --->“ConvertResourcesCases”任务意外失败

以下是解决此问题的一些建议：

确保您拥有放置项目的文件夹的完全权限。
- 如果您使用的是 Mac，请确保您的文件在文件属性下“取消阻止”。
- 如果您使用的是 Windows，请右键单击您的文件夹，选择 Properties，选择 Security 并授予“完全控制权限”。
确保根文件夹路径中没有任何非英文字符。

您对加快构建时间有什么建议吗？

在项目设置中启用Fast Deployment。

您可以通过添加以下内容在.csproj 中启用新的Fast Deployment 功能：

<AndroidFastDeploymentType>Assemblies:Dexes</AndroidFastDeploymentType>

此过程加快了构建/部署/调试周期，因为如果仅更改程序集，则不会重新安装程序包。请注意：

仅当$(EmbedAssembliesIntoApk) MSBuild 属性为 False 时才有效，您可以找到它here。

您可以在此处找到有关加快构建时间的更多详细信息：

Tips and tricks on how to speed up the time it takes to compile a Xamarin app.

【讨论】：

您对经常发生的问题有任何想法，一些新代码直到重新构建解决方案才更新。它改为使用旧代码和值

【解决方案2】：

对于具有以下资产数量的 Xamarin Android 项目，这是（请参阅下面的构建日志）正常构建时间吗？

是的，是的。即使在原生 Android 中，使用如此多的资产进行构建也需要很多时间。

您对加快构建时间有什么建议吗？

是的，您可以参考this 来优化您的构建。

每次我们更改 xml 文件中的内容时都进行干净的构建

尝试保存文件并等待几秒钟。

【讨论】：