用于多元样条插值的 Python 库答案

【问题标题】：Python Library for Multivariate Spline Interpolation用于多元样条插值的 Python 库
【发布时间】：2023-03-08 17:44:01
【问题描述】：

是否有用于多元插值的 python 库？现在我有三个自变量和一个因变量。我的数据如下所示：

X1=[3,3,3.1,3.1,4.2,5.2,6.3,2.3,7.4,8.4,5.4,3.4,3.4,3.4,...]
X2=[12.1,12.7,18.5,18.3,18.4,18.6,24.2,24.4,24.3,24.5,30.9,30.7,30.3,30.4,6.1,6.2,...]
X3=[0.3,9.2,0.3,9.4,0.1,9.8,0.4,9.3,0.7,9.7,18.3,27.4,0.6,9.44,...]
Y=[-5.890,-5.894,2.888,-3.8706,2.1516,-2.7334,1.4723,-2.1049,0.9167,-1.7281,-2.091,-6.7394,0.8777,-1.7046,...]
and len(X1)=len(X2)=len(X3)=len(Y)=400

我想拟合或插值数据，以便给定任意 x1, x2, x3 值，函数 f(x1,x2,x3) 将产生估计的 y 值。就像给定x1=4.11, x2=10.34, and x3=10.78, 一样，该函数将产生-8.7567(best estimate). 我想该函数将是多项式的。所以也许样条插值是最好的选择？

【问题讨论】：

标签： python scipy interpolation spline

【解决方案1】：

curve_fit 在 scipy.optimize 中工作。在这段代码中，估计是线性函数，但它可能更好。

import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from scipy.optimize import curve_fit

X1=[3,3,3.1,3.1,4.2,5.2,6.3,2.3,7.4,8.4,5.4,3.4,3.4,3.4]
X2=[12.1,12.7,18.5,18.3,18.4,18.6,24.2,24.4,24.3,24.5,30.9,30.7,30.3,30.4]
X3=[0.3,9.2,0.3,9.4,0.1,9.8,0.4,9.3,0.7,9.7,18.3,27.4,0.6,9.44]
Y=[-5.890,-5.894,2.888,-3.8706,2.1516,-2.7334,1.4723,-2.1049,0.9167,-1.7281,-2.091,-6.7394,0.8777,-1.7046]

def fitFunc(x, a, b, c, d):
    return a + b*x[0] + c*x[1] + d*x[2]

fitParams, fitCovariances = curve_fit(fitFunc, [X1, X2, X3], Y)
print(' fit coefficients:\n', fitParams)
# fit coefficients:
#  [-6.11934208  0.21643939  0.26186705 -0.33794415]

然后用fitParams[0] + fitParams[1] * x1 + fitParams[2] * x2 + fitParams[3] * x3估计y。

# get single y
def estimate(x1, x2, x3):
    return fitParams[0] + fitParams[1] * x1 + fitParams[2] * x2 + fitParams[3] * x3

将结果与原始 y 进行比较。

Y_estimated = [estimate(X1[i], X2[i], X3[i]) for i in range(len(X1))]

fig, ax = plt.subplots()
ax.scatter(Y, Y_estimated)

lims = [
    np.min([ax.get_xlim(), ax.get_ylim()]),  # min of both axes
    np.max([ax.get_xlim(), ax.get_ylim()]),  # max of both axes
]

ax.set_xlabel('Y')
ax.set_ylabel('Y_estimated')
ax.plot(lims, lims, 'k-', alpha=0.75, zorder=0)
ax.set_aspect('equal')

参考scipy、stackoverflow-multifit、stackoverflow-plot xy

【讨论】：