在python中将值列表转换为时间序列答案

【问题标题】：Convert a list of values to a time series in python在python中将值列表转换为时间序列
【发布时间】：2016-10-20 06:41:52
【问题描述】：

我想转换foll。数据：

jan_1   jan_15  feb_1   feb_15  mar_1   mar_15  apr_1   apr_15  may_1   may_15  jun_1   jun_15  jul_1   jul_15  aug_1   aug_15  sep_1   sep_15  oct_1   oct_15  nov_1   nov_15  dec_1   dec_15
0       0       0       0       0       1       1       2       2       2       2       2       2        3      3       3       3       3       0       0       0       0       0       0

放入长度为365 的数组中，其中每个元素重复到下一个日期，例如0从january 1重复到january 15...

我可以做类似numpy.repeat 之类的事情，但这不知道日期，所以不会考虑到feb_15 和mar_1 之间发生的时间少于15 天。

有什么pythonic解决方案吗？

【问题讨论】：

你的问题不清楚，。 0,1,2是如何确定的，并显示你已经厌倦了。

标签： python datetime numpy pandas time-series

【解决方案1】：

你可以使用resample:

#add last value - 31 dec by value of last column of df 
df['dec_31'] = df.iloc[:,-1]

#convert to datetime - see http://strftime.org/
df.columns = pd.to_datetime(df.columns, format='%b_%d')

#transpose and resample by days
df1 = df.T.resample('d').ffill()
df1.columns = ['col']
print (df1)

          col  
1900-01-01  0
1900-01-02  0
1900-01-03  0
1900-01-04  0
1900-01-05  0
1900-01-06  0
1900-01-07  0
1900-01-08  0
1900-01-09  0
1900-01-10  0
1900-01-11  0
1900-01-12  0
1900-01-13  0
1900-01-14  0
1900-01-15  0
1900-01-16  0
1900-01-17  0
1900-01-18  0
1900-01-19  0
1900-01-20  0
1900-01-21  0
1900-01-22  0
1900-01-23  0
1900-01-24  0
1900-01-25  0
1900-01-26  0
1900-01-27  0
1900-01-28  0
1900-01-29  0
1900-01-30  0
       ..
1900-12-02  0
1900-12-03  0
1900-12-04  0
1900-12-05  0
1900-12-06  0
1900-12-07  0
1900-12-08  0
1900-12-09  0
1900-12-10  0
1900-12-11  0
1900-12-12  0
1900-12-13  0
1900-12-14  0
1900-12-15  0
1900-12-16  0
1900-12-17  0
1900-12-18  0
1900-12-19  0
1900-12-20  0
1900-12-21  0
1900-12-22  0
1900-12-23  0
1900-12-24  0
1900-12-25  0
1900-12-26  0
1900-12-27  0
1900-12-28  0
1900-12-29  0
1900-12-30  0
1900-12-31  0

[365 rows x 1 columns]

#if need serie
print (df1.col)
1900-01-01    0
1900-01-02    0
1900-01-03    0
1900-01-04    0
1900-01-05    0
1900-01-06    0
1900-01-07    0
1900-01-08    0
1900-01-09    0
1900-01-10    0
1900-01-11    0
1900-01-12    0
1900-01-13    0
1900-01-14    0
1900-01-15    0
1900-01-16    0
1900-01-17    0
1900-01-18    0
1900-01-19    0
1900-01-20    0
1900-01-21    0
1900-01-22    0
1900-01-23    0
1900-01-24    0
1900-01-25    0
1900-01-26    0
1900-01-27    0
1900-01-28    0
1900-01-29    0
1900-01-30    0
             ..
1900-12-02    0
1900-12-03    0
1900-12-04    0
1900-12-05    0
1900-12-06    0
1900-12-07    0
1900-12-08    0
1900-12-09    0
1900-12-10    0
1900-12-11    0
1900-12-12    0
1900-12-13    0
1900-12-14    0
1900-12-15    0
1900-12-16    0
1900-12-17    0
1900-12-18    0
1900-12-19    0
1900-12-20    0
1900-12-21    0
1900-12-22    0
1900-12-23    0
1900-12-24    0
1900-12-25    0
1900-12-26    0
1900-12-27    0
1900-12-28    0
1900-12-29    0
1900-12-30    0
1900-12-31    0
Freq: D, Name: col, dtype: int64

#transpose and convert to numpy array
print (df1.T.values)
[[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
  1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
  2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
  2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
  2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
  3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
  3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
  0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0]]

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

IIUC 你可以这样做：

In [194]: %paste
# transpose DF, rename columns
x = df.T.reset_index().rename(columns={'index':'date', 0:'val'})
# parse dates
x['date'] = pd.to_datetime(x['date'], format='%b_%d')
# group resampled DF by the month and resample(`D`) each group 
result = (x.groupby(x['date'].dt.month)
           .apply(lambda x: x.set_index('date').resample('1D').ffill()))
# rename index names
result.index.names = ['month','date']
## -- End pasted text --

In [212]: result
Out[212]:
                  val
month date
1     1900-01-01    0
      1900-01-02    0
      1900-01-03    0
      1900-01-04    0
      1900-01-05    0
      1900-01-06    0
      1900-01-07    0
      1900-01-08    0
      1900-01-09    0
      1900-01-10    0
      1900-01-11    0
      1900-01-12    0
      1900-01-13    0
      1900-01-14    0
      1900-01-15    0
2     1900-02-01    0
      1900-02-02    0
      1900-02-03    0
      1900-02-04    0
      1900-02-05    0
      1900-02-06    0
      1900-02-07    0
      1900-02-08    0
      1900-02-09    0
      1900-02-10    0
      1900-02-11    0
      1900-02-12    0
      1900-02-13    0
      1900-02-14    0
      1900-02-15    0
...               ...
11    1900-11-01    0
      1900-11-02    0
      1900-11-03    0
      1900-11-04    0
      1900-11-05    0
      1900-11-06    0
      1900-11-07    0
      1900-11-08    0
      1900-11-09    0
      1900-11-10    0
      1900-11-11    0
      1900-11-12    0
      1900-11-13    0
      1900-11-14    0
      1900-11-15    0
12    1900-12-01    0
      1900-12-02    0
      1900-12-03    0
      1900-12-04    0
      1900-12-05    0
      1900-12-06    0
      1900-12-07    0
      1900-12-08    0
      1900-12-09    0
      1900-12-10    0
      1900-12-11    0
      1900-12-12    0
      1900-12-13    0
      1900-12-14    0
      1900-12-15    0

[180 rows x 1 columns]

或使用reset_index():

In [213]: result.reset_index().head(20)
Out[213]:
    month       date  val
0       1 1900-01-01    0
1       1 1900-01-02    0
2       1 1900-01-03    0
3       1 1900-01-04    0
4       1 1900-01-05    0
5       1 1900-01-06    0
6       1 1900-01-07    0
7       1 1900-01-08    0
8       1 1900-01-09    0
9       1 1900-01-10    0
10      1 1900-01-11    0
11      1 1900-01-12    0
12      1 1900-01-13    0
13      1 1900-01-14    0
14      1 1900-01-15    0
15      2 1900-02-01    0
16      2 1900-02-02    0
17      2 1900-02-03    0
18      2 1900-02-04    0
19      2 1900-02-05    0

【讨论】：

我认为输出的长度不是 OP 想要的 365。
@jezrael，我不这么认为...... OP 说：每个元素重复到下一个日期，例如0 is repeated from january 1 to january 15
好的，但是这句话以into a array of length 365开头...没问题，如果你是对的，你的答案会被接受。