Bunch 对象不可调用 - scikit-learn rcv1 数据集答案

【问题标题】：Bunch object not callable - scikit-learn rcv1 datasetBunch 对象不可调用 - scikit-learn rcv1 数据集
【发布时间】：2019-08-14 16:41:00
【问题描述】：

我想拆分 RCV1 内置数据集的训练集和测试集并应用 k-means 算法，但是在尝试拆分数据时，会显示一个错误，说 bundle object not callable

from sklearn.datasets import fetch_rcv1
rcv1 = fetch_rcv1()

x_train = rcv1(subset='train')

【问题讨论】：

标签： scikit-learn dataset train-test-split

【解决方案1】：

确实不是；也不是数据框 - 请参阅docs。 DESCR 属性中包含一些额外信息：

from sklearn.datasets import fetch_rcv1
rcv1 = fetch_rcv1()

print(rcv1.DESCR)

结果：

.. _rcv1_dataset:

RCV1 dataset
------------

Reuters Corpus Volume I (RCV1) is an archive of over 800,000 manually 
categorized newswire stories made available by Reuters, Ltd. for research 
purposes. The dataset is extensively described in [1]_.

**Data Set Characteristics:**

    ==============     =====================
    Classes                              103
    Samples total                     804414
    Dimensionality                     47236
    Features           real, between 0 and 1
    ==============     =====================

:func:`sklearn.datasets.fetch_rcv1` will load the following 
version: RCV1-v2, vectors, full sets, topics multilabels::

    >>> from sklearn.datasets import fetch_rcv1
    >>> rcv1 = fetch_rcv1()

It returns a dictionary-like object, with the following attributes:

``data``:
The feature matrix is a scipy CSR sparse matrix, with 804414 samples and
47236 features. Non-zero values contains cosine-normalized, log TF-IDF vectors.
A nearly chronological split is proposed in [1]_: The first 23149 samples are
the training set. The last 781265 samples are the testing set. This follows 
the official LYRL2004 chronological split. The array has 0.16% of non zero 
values::

    >>> rcv1.data.shape
    (804414, 47236)

``target``:
The target values are stored in a scipy CSR sparse matrix, with 804414 samples 
and 103 categories. Each sample has a value of 1 in its categories, and 0 in 
others. The array has 3.15% of non zero values::

    >>> rcv1.target.shape
    (804414, 103)

``sample_id``:
Each sample can be identified by its ID, ranging (with gaps) from 2286 
to 810596::

    >>> rcv1.sample_id[:3]
    array([2286, 2287, 2288], dtype=uint32)

``target_names``:
The target values are the topics of each sample. Each sample belongs to at 
least one topic, and to up to 17 topics. There are 103 topics, each 
represented by a string. Their corpus frequencies span five orders of 
magnitude, from 5 occurrences for 'GMIL', to 381327 for 'CCAT'::

    >>> rcv1.target_names[:3].tolist()  # doctest: +SKIP
    ['E11', 'ECAT', 'M11']

The dataset will be downloaded from the `rcv1 homepage`_ if necessary.
The compressed size is about 656 MB.

.. _rcv1 homepage: http://jmlr.csail.mit.edu/papers/volume5/lewis04a/


.. topic:: References

    .. [1] Lewis, D. D., Yang, Y., Rose, T. G., & Li, F. (2004). 
           RCV1: A new benchmark collection for text categorization research. 
           The Journal of Machine Learning Research, 5, 361-397.

因此，如果您想坚持原来的训练和测试子集，如上所述，您应该这样做：

X_train = rcv1.data[0:23149,]
X.train.shape
# (23149, 47236)

X_test = rcv1.data[23149:,]
X_test.shape
# (781265, 47236)

对于您的y_train 和y_test，同样使用rcv1.target。

如果您想使用不同的训练和测试分区，请使用：

from sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split
X_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(
        rcv1.data, rcv1.target, test_size=0.33, random_state=42)

相应地调整您的test_size。

【讨论】：