用于更改系统日期和时间的 Python 模块

Question

如何在 Python 中更改系统日期、时间、时区？有没有可用的模块？

1. 我不想执行任何系统命令
2. 我想要一个通用的解决方案，它应该适用于 Unix 和 Windows。

Answer 1

import sys
import datetime

time_tuple = ( 2012, # Year
                  9, # Month
                  6, # Day
                  0, # Hour
                 38, # Minute
                  0, # Second
                  0, # Millisecond
              )

def _win_set_time(time_tuple):
    import pywin32
    # http://timgolden.me.uk/pywin32-docs/win32api__SetSystemTime_meth.html
    # pywin32.SetSystemTime(year, month , dayOfWeek , day , hour , minute , second , millseconds )
    dayOfWeek = datetime.datetime(time_tuple).isocalendar()[2]
    pywin32.SetSystemTime( time_tuple[:2] + (dayOfWeek,) + time_tuple[2:])


def _linux_set_time(time_tuple):
    import ctypes
    import ctypes.util
    import time

    # /usr/include/linux/time.h:
    #
    # define CLOCK_REALTIME                     0
    CLOCK_REALTIME = 0

    # /usr/include/time.h
    #
    # struct timespec
    #  {
    #    __time_t tv_sec;            /* Seconds.  */
    #    long int tv_nsec;           /* Nanoseconds.  */
    #  };
    class timespec(ctypes.Structure):
        _fields_ = [("tv_sec", ctypes.c_long),
                    ("tv_nsec", ctypes.c_long)]

    librt = ctypes.CDLL(ctypes.util.find_library("rt"))

    ts = timespec()
    ts.tv_sec = int( time.mktime( datetime.datetime( *time_tuple[:6]).timetuple() ) )
    ts.tv_nsec = time_tuple[6] * 1000000 # Millisecond to nanosecond

    # http://linux.die.net/man/3/clock_settime
    librt.clock_settime(CLOCK_REALTIME, ctypes.byref(ts))


if sys.platform=='linux2':
    _linux_set_time(time_tuple)

elif  sys.platform=='win32':
    _win_set_time(time_tuple)

我没有 windows 机器，所以我没有在 windows 上测试它……但你明白了。

Answer 2

tMC 的回答似乎很棒。但是，它不适合我。我发现它需要一些更新，适用于 Linux 和 Windows + python 3。这是我更新的模块：

import sys
from _datetime import datetime

time_tuple = (2012,  # Year
              9,  # Month
              6,  # Day
              0,  # Hour
              38,  # Minute
              0,  # Second
              0,  # Millisecond
              )


def _win_set_time(time_tuple):
    import win32api
    dayOfWeek = datetime(*time_tuple).isocalendar()[2]
    t = time_tuple[:2] + (dayOfWeek,) + time_tuple[2:]
    win32api.SetSystemTime(*t)


def _linux_set_time(time_tuple):
    import subprocess
    import shlex

    time_string = datetime(*time_tuple).isoformat()

    subprocess.call(shlex.split("timedatectl set-ntp false"))  # May be necessary
    subprocess.call(shlex.split("sudo date -s '%s'" % time_string))
    subprocess.call(shlex.split("sudo hwclock -w"))


if sys.platform == 'linux2' or sys.platform == 'linux':
    _linux_set_time(time_tuple)

elif sys.platform == 'win32':
    _win_set_time(time_tuple)

对于 Linux，请阅读以下答案：Set the hardware clock in Python?

Answer 3

我不得不稍微修改一下tMC的win32版本的回答：

def _win_set_time(time_tuple):
    import win32api
    dayOfWeek = datetime(*time_tuple).isocalendar()[2]
    t = time_tuple[:2] + (dayOfWeek,) + time_tuple[2:]
    win32api.SetSystemTime(*t)

例如。当我根据旧时间服务器（时间协议，RFC868）使用它来设置时间时，我正在这样做：

data = s.recv(4)
remote_time = (ord(data[0])<<24) + (ord(data[1])<<16) + (ord(data[2])<<8) + ord(data[3])
remote_time -= 2208988800
_win_set_time(time.gmtime(remote_time)[0:6] + (0,))

Answer 4

这对我有用

• 自动转换为 UTC 时间
• 将字符串转换为日期时间
• 使用日期时间输入
• 可读性更强

def _win_set_time(datetime_obj: datetime):  
    import win32api  
    # http://timgolden.me.uk/pywin32-docs/win32api__SetSystemTime_meth.html  
    # win32api.SetSystemTime(year, month , dayOfWeek , day , hour , minute , second , millisecond )  
    utc_datetime = datetime_obj.astimezone().astimezone(timezone.utc).replace(tzinfo=None)
    day_of_week = utc_datetime.isocalendar()[2]
    win32api.SetSystemTime(utc_datetime.year, utc_datetime.month, day_of_week, 
    utc_datetime.day, utc_datetime.hour, utc_datetime.minute, utc_datetime.second,
    int(utc_datetime.microsecond / 1000))
    
real_time_str = "2020 12 24 13 11 10 321"  
real_time = datetime.strptime(real_time_str, '%Y %m %d %H %M %S %f')  
_win_set_time(real_time)  

Answer 5

现在我认为这是最好的解决方案

import sys,os
def change(s):
    if s == 1:os.system('date -s "2 OCT 2006 18:00:00"')#don't forget to change it , i've used date command for linux 
    elif s == 2:
        try:
          import pywin32
        except ImportError:
          print 'pywin32 module is missing'
          sys.exit(1)
        pywin32.SetSystemTime(year, month , dayOfWeek , day , hour , minute , second , millseconds )# fill all Parameters with int numbers
    else:print 'wrong param'
def check_os():
    if sys.platform=='linux2':change(1)
    elif  sys.platform=='win32':change(2)
    else:print 'unknown system'

暂时是临时解决办法，希望对你有帮助，也看看

http://timgolden.me.uk/pywin32-docs/win32api__SetSystemTime_meth.html

http://timgolden.me.uk/pywin32-docs/win32api__SetLocalTime_meth.html