将 libxml++ 和 glib 库与适用于 C++ Windows 的 CodeBlocks IDE 链接的问题

Question

我正在使用 Code Blocks IDE 为 Windows 编写 C++ 应用程序。我有兴趣使用以下 XML++ 库：http://libxmlplusplus.sourceforge.net/

它需要 libxml2 和 glibmm-2.4 库。我下载了每个库的源代码，并通过右键单击“构建选项”==>“搜索目录”选项卡==>“编译器”选项卡将所有标题包含到我的项目中。我在那里指定了头文件。我使用 xml++/examples 目录中“examples/dom_parser”的源代码修改了 main.cpp 文件。

现在，我遇到了以下错误消息。我以前从未“链接”或使用过 *.lib、*.dll 文件……但我现在收到以下“未定义引用”错误消息。请让我知道我需要做什么才能构建它。是否有我需要“链接”的特定文件，如果有，这些文件在哪里？我似乎无法在我提取的源文件中找到它们。您能否提供有关要包含哪些文件以及它们可能位于哪些文件夹中的具体说明？我正在使用 CodeBlocks IDE。

谁能在您的 Windows 64 位 PC 上复制该项目并查看它是否能够正确运行？

谢谢。

更新

C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:44: undefined reference to `xmlpp::ContentNode::is_white_space() const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:47: undefined reference to `xmlpp::Node::get_name() const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:49: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::empty() const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:53: undefined reference to `xmlpp::Node::get_namespace_prefix() const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:54: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::empty() const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:55: undefined reference to `Glib::operator<<(std::ostream&, Glib::ustring const&)'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:57: undefined reference to `Glib::operator<<(std::ostream&, Glib::ustring const&)'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:57: undefined reference to `Glib::operator<<(std::ostream&, Glib::ustring const&)'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:57: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::~ustring()'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:69: undefined reference to `xmlpp::ContentNode::get_content() const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:69: undefined reference to `Glib::operator<<(std::ostream&, Glib::ustring const&)'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:69: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::~ustring()'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:74: undefined reference to `xmlpp::ContentNode::get_content() const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:74: undefined reference to `Glib::operator<<(std::ostream&, Glib::ustring const&)'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:74: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::~ustring()'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:79: undefined reference to `xmlpp::ContentNode::get_content() const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:79: undefined reference to `Glib::operator<<(std::ostream&, Glib::ustring const&)'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:79: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::~ustring()'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:87: undefined reference to `xmlpp::Node::get_line() const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:90: undefined reference to `xmlpp::Element::get_attributes() const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:96: undefined reference to `xmlpp::Node::get_namespace_prefix() const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:97: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::empty() const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:98: undefined reference to `xmlpp::Attribute::get_value() const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:98: undefined reference to `xmlpp::Attribute::get_name() const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:98: undefined reference to `Glib::operator<<(std::ostream&, Glib::ustring const&)'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:98: undefined reference to `Glib::operator<<(std::ostream&, Glib::ustring const&)'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:98: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::~ustring()'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:98: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::~ustring()'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:100: undefined reference to `xmlpp::Attribute::get_value() const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:100: undefined reference to `xmlpp::Attribute::get_name() const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:100: undefined reference to `Glib::operator<<(std::ostream&, Glib::ustring const&)'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:100: undefined reference to `Glib::operator<<(std::ostream&, Glib::ustring const&)'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:100: undefined reference to `Glib::operator<<(std::ostream&, Glib::ustring const&)'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:100: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::~ustring()'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:100: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::~ustring()'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:101: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::~ustring()'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:103: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::ustring()'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:103: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::ustring(char const*)'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:103: undefined reference to `xmlpp::Element::get_attribute(Glib::ustring const&, Glib::ustring const&) const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:103: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::~ustring()'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:103: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::~ustring()'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:106: undefined reference to `xmlpp::Attribute::get_value() const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:106: undefined reference to `Glib::operator<<(std::ostream&, Glib::ustring const&)'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:106: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::~ustring()'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:113: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::ustring()'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:113: undefined reference to `xmlpp::Node::get_children(Glib::ustring const&) const'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:113: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::~ustring()'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:118: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::~ustring()'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:57: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::~ustring()'
C:/Users/blah/Desktop/workspace/xmlpp/main.cpp:69: undefined reference to `Glib::ustring::~ustring()'

**2014 年 2 月 11 日更新 - 上午 10:45 **

嗨。谢谢你的建议。我最终下载了以下 (http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/binaries/win32/gtkmm/2.22/) 整个 gtkmm-win32-devel-2.22.0-2.exe 并将其安装到我的 Windows PC 的 C:\gtkmm 中。然后，我通过包含头文件、库文件和 bin 文件来修改我的项目。以下是屏幕截图：

构建后，我现在看到 0 个错误和 0 个警告消息。但是，它似乎崩溃了。我不知道为什么。看来gtk安装使用libxml++ 2.6版。这可以。我从网站下载了 libxml++ 2.6 以查看他们提供的示例。我在 main.cc 中使用了以下源代码。你知道是什么问题吗？

// -*- C++ -*-

/* main.cc
 *
 * Copyright (C) 2002 The libxml++ development team
 *
 * This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
 * modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public
 * License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either
 * version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
 * Library General Public License for more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU Library General Public
 * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free
 * Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Mass Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
 */

#ifdef HAVE_CONFIG_H
#include <config.h>
#endif

#include <libxml++/libxml++.h>

#include <iostream>

void print_indentation(unsigned int indentation)
{
  for(unsigned int i = 0; i < indentation; ++i)
    std::cout << " ";
}

void print_node(const xmlpp::Node* node, unsigned int indentation = 0)
{
  std::cout << std::endl; //Separate nodes by an empty line.

  const xmlpp::ContentNode* nodeContent = dynamic_cast<const xmlpp::ContentNode*>(node);
  const xmlpp::TextNode* nodeText = dynamic_cast<const xmlpp::TextNode*>(node);
  const xmlpp::CommentNode* nodeComment = dynamic_cast<const xmlpp::CommentNode*>(node);

  if(nodeText && nodeText->is_white_space()) //Let's ignore the indenting - you don't always want to do this.
    return;

  Glib::ustring nodename = node->get_name();

  if(!nodeText && !nodeComment && !nodename.empty()) //Let's not say "name: text".
  {
    print_indentation(indentation);
    std::cout << "Node name = " << node->get_name() << std::endl;
    std::cout << "Node name = " << nodename << std::endl;
  }
  else if(nodeText) //Let's say when it's text. - e.g. let's say what that white space is.
  {
    print_indentation(indentation);
    std::cout << "Text Node" << std::endl;
  }

  //Treat the various node types differently:
  if(nodeText)
  {
    print_indentation(indentation);
    std::cout << "text = \"" << nodeText->get_content() << "\"" << std::endl;
  }
  else if(nodeComment)
  {
    print_indentation(indentation);
    std::cout << "comment = " << nodeComment->get_content() << std::endl;
  }
  else if(nodeContent)
  {
    print_indentation(indentation);
    std::cout << "content = " << nodeContent->get_content() << std::endl;
  }
  else if(const xmlpp::Element* nodeElement = dynamic_cast<const xmlpp::Element*>(node))
  {
    //A normal Element node:

    //line() works only for ElementNodes.
    print_indentation(indentation);
    std::cout << "     line = " << node->get_line() << std::endl;

    //Print attributes:
    const xmlpp::Element::AttributeList& attributes = nodeElement->get_attributes();
    for(xmlpp::Element::AttributeList::const_iterator iter = attributes.begin(); iter != attributes.end(); ++iter)
    {
      const xmlpp::Attribute* attribute = *iter;
      print_indentation(indentation);
      std::cout << "  Attribute " << attribute->get_name() << " = " << attribute->get_value() << std::endl;
    }

    const xmlpp::Attribute* attribute = nodeElement->get_attribute("title");
    if(attribute)
    {
      std::cout << "title found: =" << attribute->get_value() << std::endl;

    }
  }

  if(!nodeContent)
  {
    //Recurse through child nodes:
    xmlpp::Node::NodeList list = node->get_children();
    for(xmlpp::Node::NodeList::iterator iter = list.begin(); iter != list.end(); ++iter)
    {
      print_node(*iter, indentation + 2); //recursive
    }
  }
}

int main(int argc, char* argv[])
{
  Glib::ustring filepath;
  if(argc > 1 )
    filepath = argv[1]; //Allow the user to specify a different XML file to parse.
  else
    filepath = "example.xml";

  try
  {
    xmlpp::DomParser parser;
    parser.set_validate();
    parser.set_substitute_entities(); //We just want the text to be resolved/unescaped automatically.
    parser.parse_file(filepath);
    if(parser)
    {
      //Walk the tree:
      const xmlpp::Node* pNode = parser.get_document()->get_root_node(); //deleted by DomParser.
      print_node(pNode);
    }
  }
  catch(const std::exception& ex)
  {
    std::cout << "Exception caught: " << ex.what() << std::endl;
  }

  return 0;
}

Answer 1

libxml2 和 glibmm-2.4 是否已构建？

您可以找到 libxml2 here 的预构建 Windows 二进制文件。我找不到 glibmm 的预构建 Windows 二进制文件，因此您必须下载整个 gtkmm installer 或 build it yourself。

这个过程完成后，你应该有像这样的文件

libxml2.lib
libxml2.a
libxml2.dll

根据您的编译器（GCC 或 MSVC）以及所需的链接方法（静态或动态），您应该选择所需的库文件。

在 Code::Blocks 中，您可以通过“链接器设置”选项卡进行链接，可通过Project -> Build options... -> Linker settings 访问。点击add，选择之前编译好的 使用文件夹浏览器的库文件（libxml2、glibmm-2.4 和 libxml++）。

更新：我能够在我的 Windows 8 64 位 PC 上成功运行该项目。

我从MinGW-builds (GCC 4.8.1) 安装了 MinGW-64。我唯一需要下载的是gtkmm-win64 installer。我选择了“完整安装”。

项目构建设置中的搜索目录为：

C:\gtkmm64\include
C:\gtkmm64\include\libxml++-2.6
C:\gtkmm64\include\glibmm-2.4
C:\gtkmm64\include\glib-2.0
C:\gtkmm64\lib\glibmm-2.4\include
C:\gtkmm64\lib\glib-2.0\include
C:\gtkmm64\lib\libxml++-2.6\include

要链接的导入库是：

C:\gtkmm64\lib\libxml++-2.6.dll.a
C:\gtkmm64\lib\libglibmm-2.4.dll.a
C:\gtkmm64\lib\libglibmm_generate_extra_defs-2.4.dll.a

从gtkmm64\bin文件夹复制到可执行文件位置的DLL是：

libglib-2.0-0.dll
libglibmm-2.4-1.dll
libglibmm_generate_extra_defs-2.4-1.dll
libxml++-2.6-2.dll
libxml2-2.dll

可执行文件成功运行（不包括程序由于某些解析异常而终止的事实）。