在列表中打印计算值

Question

我是一名编程初学者（以前从未编程过），我被分配了一项任务（在学校），要编写一个程序，要求用户输入一个或多个形状，然后根据给出的尺寸计算该形状的体积用户。但是，如果用户没有输入“退出”，程序应该不断询问用户形状并继续计算体积，当用户输入“退出”时，程序应该打印出体积列表计算出来的。三种形状分别是立方体、金字塔和椭圆体。

例如，如果用户输入立方体、立方体、金字塔、金字塔、椭圆体然后退出（连同计算体积所需的尺寸），那么程序应该打印出： p>

立方体体积为 4、5

金字塔的体积是 6、7

椭球体积为 8

注意：这些数字只是举例。

我已经成功（有点）让程序注意到错误并让程序反复询问用户形状并计算体积，直到输入“退出”，但是我不知道如何实现“示例列表”类型的答案”，有没有办法做到这一点？

这是我的代码（它可能不是那么好，但它是我现在作为一个初学者所能做的最好的，并且用我们目前所学的东西）：

import math

shapeName = input ("Please enter the shape you want to calculate the volumeof:").upper()

def volumeCube (side):
Volume = 0
Volume = side**3
print ("The Volume of the cube is", Volume)
return;

def volumePyramid (baseSideLength,height):
Volume = 0
Volume = round((1/3)*(baseSideLength**2)*height,1)
print ("The volume of the pyramid is", Volume)
return;

def volumeEllipsoid (radius1,radius2,radius3):
Volume = 0
Volume = round((4/3)*math.pi*radius1*radius2*radius3,1)
print ("The volume of the ellipsoid is", Volume)
return;

while shapeName != "QUIT":
    while shapeName in ["CUBE","PYRAMID","ELLIPSOID","QUIT"]:
        if shapeName == "CUBE":
           side = int(input("Please enter the length of the sides:"))
           volumeCube(side)
           shapeName = input("Please enter the shape you want to calculate the volume of:").upper()
        elif shapeName == "PYRAMID":
           baseSideLength = int(input("Please enter the lengths of the side of the base:"))
           height = int(input("Please enter the height of the pyramid:"))
           volumePyramid(baseSideLength, height)
           shapeName = input("Please enter the shape you want to calculate the volume of:").upper()
        elif shapeName == "ELLIPSOID":
           radius1 = int(input("Please enter the first radius:"))
           radius2 = int(input("Please enter the second radius:"))
           radius3 = int(input("Please enter the third radius:"))
           volumeEllipsoid(radius1, radius2, radius3)
           shapeName = input("Please enter the shape you want to calculate the volume of:").upper()
        elif shapeName == "QUIT" :
           print ("\nYou have come to the end of the session. \nThe volumes calculated for each shape are shown below:")
           volumeCube (side)
           volumePyramid(baseSideLength, height)
           volumeEllipsoid(radius1, radius2, radius3)
           exit()
    else:
       print ("Error")
       shapeName = input("Please enter the shape you want to calculate the volume of:").upper()
else:
   print ("\nyou have come to the end of the session. \nYou have not performed any volume calculations.")

这是我没有创建列表的原始代码，所以我尝试通过更改函数的“立方体”部分来测试它，例如：

def volumeCube (side):
    Volume = 0
    VolumeCubeList = []
    VolumeCubeList.append (side**3)
    print (VolumeCubeList)
    return;

但这只是返回一个答案（例如，如果第一个立方体的边长为 3，第二个立方体的边长为 4，则返回的答案仅为 [64]） 有没有办法来解决这个问题？还有什么我做错了吗？

Answer 1

似乎问题是因为执行以下代码时未定义您的某些变量：

elif shapeName == "QUIT" :
           print ("\nYou have come to the end of the session. \nThe volumes calculated for each shape are shown below:")
           volumeCube (side)
           volumePyramid(baseSideLength, height)
           volumeEllipsoid(radius1, radius2, radius3)
           exit()

现在，为什么它不起作用？

因为，例如，如果用户不想计算 volumePyramid，您仍然调用 volymePyramid(BaseSideLenght, height)，basesideLenght 和 height 从未定义，因为它们从未由用户输入。 （其他形状也一样）

你可以做的是有一个字符串列表，每次计算一个体积时存储一个体积，并在程序结束时显示这个列表；）

这里是如何做到这一点：

import math

shapeName = input ("Please enter the shape you want to calculate the volume of:").upper()

myList = []

def volumeCube (side):
  Volume = 0
  Volume = side**3
  print ("The Volume of the cube is", Volume)
  myList.append("The volume of the cube was "+ str(Volume))
  return;

def volumePyramid (baseSideLength,height):
  Volume = 0
  Volume = round((1/3)*(baseSideLength**2)*height,1)
  print ("The volume of the pyramid is", Volume)
  myList.append("The volume of the pyramid was "+ str(Volume))
  return;

def volumeEllipsoid (radius1,radius2,radius3):
  Volume = 0
  Volume = round((4/3)*math.pi*radius1*radius2*radius3,1)
  print ("The volume of the ellipsoid is", Volume)
  myList.append("The volume of the ellipsoid was " + str(Volume))
  return;

def printArray ():
  for word in myList:
    print(word)

while shapeName != "QUIT":
    while shapeName in ["CUBE","PYRAMID","ELLIPSOID","QUIT"]:
        if shapeName == "CUBE":
           side = int(input("Please enter the length of the sides:"))
           volumeCube(side)
           shapeName = input("Please enter the shape you want to calculate the volume of:").upper()
        elif shapeName == "PYRAMID":
           baseSideLength = int(input("Please enter the lengths of the side of the base:"))
           height = int(input("Please enter the height of the pyramid:"))
           volumePyramid(baseSideLength, height)
           shapeName = input("Please enter the shape you want to calculate the volume of:").upper()
        elif shapeName == "ELLIPSOID":
           radius1 = int(input("Please enter the first radius:"))
           radius2 = int(input("Please enter the second radius:"))
           radius3 = int(input("Please enter the third radius:"))
           volumeEllipsoid(radius1, radius2, radius3)
           shapeName = input("Please enter the shape you want to calculate the volume of:").upper()
        elif shapeName == "QUIT" :
           print ("\nYou have come to the end of the session. \nThe volumes calculated for each shape are shown below:")
           printArray()
           exit()
    else:
       print ("Error")
       shapeName = input("Please enter the shape you want to calculate the volume of:").upper()
else:
   print ("\nyou have come to the end of the session. \nYou have not performed any volume calculations.")