UnicodeEncodeError：“charmap”编解码器无法对位置 49-53 中的字符进行编码：字符映射到 <undefined>

Question

这是我创建文件的代码

character = open(namecharacter + '.txt', 'wt')
    character.write('Name: ' + namecharacter + '\n\nClass: ' + category + '\n\nHealth: ♥♥♥♥♥\n\nStrenght: ' + str(strength_new) +
                    '\n\nDefense: ' + str(defense_new) + '\n\nDexterity: ' + str(dexterity_new) +
                    '\n\nRanged Attack: ' + str(ranged_new) + '\n\nMelee Attack: ' +
                    str(melee_new) + '\n\nSpeed: ' + str(speed_new))
    character.close()

然后它给出了这个错误代码：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "F:\Fantasy Board Game\Game Program\DandD style game.py", line 566, in <module>
str(ranged_new) + '\n\nMelee Attack: ' + str(melee_new) + '\n\nSpeed: ' + str(speed_new))
File "C:\Users\Jedidiah\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python35-32\lib\encodings\cp1252.py", line 19, in encode
  return codecs.charmap_encode(input,self.errors,encoding_table)[0]
UnicodeEncodeError: 'charmap' codec can't encode characters in position 49-53: character maps to <undefined>

错误的行是：

str(melee_new) + '\n\nSpeed: ' + str(speed_new))

我知道以前有人问过这个问题，但我真的不明白如何解决它，也不知道为什么会这样。我在代码中的所有变量之前都已声明过，并且都可以在其他代码行中使用。

Answer 1

您尝试打印的♥ 字符在open 使用的默认编码cp1252 中不存在。您可以将要使用的编码作为参数传递，例如：

character = open(namecharacter + '.txt', 'wt', encoding='utf8')

完整示例（确保以声明的 UTF-8 源编码保存文件）：

#coding: utf8

datafmt = '''\
Name:          {namecharacter}
Class:         {category}
Health:        ♥♥♥♥♥
Strength:      {strength_new}
Defense:       {defense_new}
Dexterity:     {dexterity_new}
Ranged Attack: {ranged_new}
Melee Attack:  {melee_new}
Speed:         {speed_new}
'''

player = {'namecharacter' : 'Mark',
          'category' : 'Wizard',
          'strength_new' : 10,
          'defense_new' : 100,
          'dexterity_new' : 15,
          'ranged_new' : 10,
          'melee_new' : 5,
          'speed_new' : 10}

with open(player['namecharacter'] + '.txt', 'w', encoding='utf8') as character:
    character.write(datafmt.format(**player))

输出：

Name:          Mark
Class:         Wizard
Health:        ♥♥♥♥♥
Strength:      10
Defense:       100
Dexterity:     15
Ranged Attack: 10
Melee Attack:  5
Speed:         10