可以从任何代码对象(以及扩展模块/内置)进行调用:从exec、execfile、从模块名称空间(在导入期间)、从类定义内、从方法/类方法内/ staticmethod,来自修饰函数/方法,来自嵌套函数,...... - 所以一般来说没有“调用函数”,很难用它做任何好事。
堆栈帧及其代码对象是您可以获得的最通用的 - 并检查属性。
这个找到很多情况下的调用函数:
import sys, inspect
def get_calling_function():
"""finds the calling function in many decent cases."""
fr = sys._getframe(1) # inspect.stack()[1][0]
co = fr.f_code
for get in (
lambda:fr.f_globals[co.co_name],
lambda:getattr(fr.f_locals['self'], co.co_name),
lambda:getattr(fr.f_locals['cls'], co.co_name),
lambda:fr.f_back.f_locals[co.co_name], # nested
lambda:fr.f_back.f_locals['func'], # decorators
lambda:fr.f_back.f_locals['meth'],
lambda:fr.f_back.f_locals['f'],
):
try:
func = get()
except (KeyError, AttributeError):
pass
else:
if func.__code__ == co:
return func
raise AttributeError("func not found")
# Usage
def f():
def nested_func():
print get_calling_function()
print get_calling_function()
nested_func()
class Y:
def meth(self, a, b=10, c=11):
print get_calling_function()
class Z:
def methz(self):
print get_calling_function()
z = Z()
z.methz()
return z
@classmethod
def clsmeth(cls):
print get_calling_function()
@staticmethod
def staticmeth():
print get_calling_function()
f()
y = Y()
z = y.meth(7)
z.methz()
y.clsmeth()
##y.staticmeth() # would fail
它发现:
<function f at 0x012E5670>
<function nested_func at 0x012E51F0>
<bound method Y.meth of <__main__.Y instance at 0x01E41580>>
<bound method Z.methz of <__main__.Z instance at 0x01E63EE0>>
<bound method Z.methz of <__main__.Z instance at 0x01E63EE0>>
<bound method classobj.clsmeth of <class __main__.Y at 0x01F3CF10>>
但是,它可能会找不到函数,或者找到错误的函数,例如,当在不同范围内的多个同名函数上使用相同的装饰器时,会找到错误的装饰器生成的包装器。