由于从identifierForVendor 返回的值可以在删除应用程序时清除,或者如果用户在设置应用程序中重置它,则可以重置,因此您必须自己管理持久化它。
有几种方法可以做到这一点。您可以设置一个分配 uuid 的服务器,然后通过用户登录持久化和获取服务器端,或者您可以在本地创建并将其存储在钥匙串中。
删除应用时不会删除钥匙串中存储的项目。这允许您检查一个 uuid 之前是否已存储,如果是,您可以检索它,如果没有,您可以生成一个新的 uuid 并将其持久化。
这是一种可以在本地进行的方法:
/// Creates a new unique user identifier or retrieves the last one created
func getUUID() -> String? {
// create a keychain helper instance
let keychain = KeychainAccess()
// this is the key we'll use to store the uuid in the keychain
let uuidKey = "com.myorg.myappid.unique_uuid"
// check if we already have a uuid stored, if so return it
if let uuid = try? keychain.queryKeychainData(itemKey: uuidKey), uuid != nil {
return uuid
}
// generate a new id
guard let newId = UIDevice.current.identifierForVendor?.uuidString else {
return nil
}
// store new identifier in keychain
try? keychain.addKeychainData(itemKey: uuidKey, itemValue: newId)
// return new id
return newId
}
这是用于从钥匙串中存储/检索的类:
import Foundation
class KeychainAccess {
func addKeychainData(itemKey: String, itemValue: String) throws {
guard let valueData = itemValue.data(using: .utf8) else {
print("Keychain: Unable to store data, invalid input - key: \(itemKey), value: \(itemValue)")
return
}
//delete old value if stored first
do {
try deleteKeychainData(itemKey: itemKey)
} catch {
print("Keychain: nothing to delete...")
}
let queryAdd: [String: AnyObject] = [
kSecClass as String: kSecClassGenericPassword,
kSecAttrAccount as String: itemKey as AnyObject,
kSecValueData as String: valueData as AnyObject,
kSecAttrAccessible as String: kSecAttrAccessibleWhenUnlocked
]
let resultCode: OSStatus = SecItemAdd(queryAdd as CFDictionary, nil)
if resultCode != 0 {
print("Keychain: value not added - Error: \(resultCode)")
} else {
print("Keychain: value added successfully")
}
}
func deleteKeychainData(itemKey: String) throws {
let queryDelete: [String: AnyObject] = [
kSecClass as String: kSecClassGenericPassword,
kSecAttrAccount as String: itemKey as AnyObject
]
let resultCodeDelete = SecItemDelete(queryDelete as CFDictionary)
if resultCodeDelete != 0 {
print("Keychain: unable to delete from keychain: \(resultCodeDelete)")
} else {
print("Keychain: successfully deleted item")
}
}
func queryKeychainData (itemKey: String) throws -> String? {
let queryLoad: [String: AnyObject] = [
kSecClass as String: kSecClassGenericPassword,
kSecAttrAccount as String: itemKey as AnyObject,
kSecReturnData as String: kCFBooleanTrue,
kSecMatchLimit as String: kSecMatchLimitOne
]
var result: AnyObject?
let resultCodeLoad = withUnsafeMutablePointer(to: &result) {
SecItemCopyMatching(queryLoad as CFDictionary, UnsafeMutablePointer($0))
}
if resultCodeLoad != 0 {
print("Keychain: unable to load data - \(resultCodeLoad)")
return nil
}
guard let resultVal = result as? NSData, let keyValue = NSString(data: resultVal as Data, encoding: String.Encoding.utf8.rawValue) as String? else {
print("Keychain: error parsing keychain result - \(resultCodeLoad)")
return nil
}
return keyValue
}
}
然后你可以有一个用户类来获取标识符:
let uuid = getUUID()
print("UUID: \(uuid)")
如果您将它放在 viewDidLoad 中的测试应用程序中,启动该应用程序并记下控制台中打印的 uuid,删除该应用程序并重新启动,您将拥有相同的 uuid。
如果您愿意,您还可以通过执行以下操作在应用中创建自己的完全自定义 uuid:
// convenience extension for creating an MD5 hash from a string
extension String {
func MD5() -> Data? {
guard let messageData = data(using: .utf8) else { return nil }
var digestData = Data(count: Int(CC_MD5_DIGEST_LENGTH))
_ = digestData.withUnsafeMutableBytes { digestBytes in
messageData.withUnsafeBytes { messageBytes in
CC_MD5(messageBytes, CC_LONG(messageData.count), digestBytes)
}
}
return digestData
}
}
// extension on UUID to generate your own custom UUID
extension UUID {
static func custom() -> String? {
guard let bundleID = Bundle.main.infoDictionary?["CFBundleIdentifier"] as? String else {
return nil
}
let unique = bundleID + NSUUID().uuidString
let hashData = unique.MD5()
let md5String = hashData?.map { String(format: "%02hhx", $0) }.joined()
return md5String
}
}
请注意,要使用 MD5 函数,您必须将以下导入添加到应用程序中的 Objective-C 桥接头:(如果您使用 Xcode )
#import <CommonCrypto/CommonCrypto.h>
如果您的应用没有桥接头,请将其添加到您的项目并确保在构建设置中进行设置:
设置完成后,您可以像这样生成自己的自定义 uuid:
let otherUuid = UUID.custom()
print("Other: \(otherUuid)")
运行应用程序并记录两个输出会生成类似这样的 uuid:
// uuid from first example
UUID: Optional("8A2496F0-EFD0-4723-8C6D-8E18431A49D2")
// uuid from second custom example
Other: Optional("63674d91f08ec3aaa710f3448dd87818")