了解 MySQL 中的 MUL、PRI 和 UNI 是什么?
来自MySQL 5.7 文档:
- 如果 Key 是 PRI,则该列是 PRIMARY KEY 或者是多列 PRIMARY KEY 中的列之一。
- 如果 Key 是 UNI,则该列是 UNIQUE 索引的第一列。 (一个 UNIQUE 索引允许多个 NULL 值,但您可以通过检查 Null 字段来判断该列是否允许 NULL。)
- 如果 Key 为 MUL,则该列是非唯一索引的第一列,其中允许在该列中多次出现给定值。
实例
对照组,这个例子既没有PRI、MUL也没有UNI:
mysql> create table penguins (foo INT);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> desc penguins;
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| foo | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
具有一列和一列索引的表具有 MUL:
mysql> create table penguins (foo INT, index(foo));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> desc penguins;
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| foo | int(11) | YES | MUL | NULL | |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
具有主键列的表具有 PRI
mysql> create table penguins (foo INT primary key);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> desc penguins;
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| foo | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
具有唯一键列的表具有 UNI:
mysql> create table penguins (foo INT unique);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> desc penguins;
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| foo | int(11) | YES | UNI | NULL | |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
索引覆盖 foo 和 bar 的表仅在 foo 上具有 MUL:
mysql> create table penguins (foo INT, bar INT, index(foo, bar));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> desc penguins;
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| foo | int(11) | YES | MUL | NULL | |
| bar | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
在两列上有两个独立索引的表每个都有 MUL
mysql> create table penguins (foo INT, bar int, index(foo), index(bar));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> desc penguins;
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| foo | int(11) | YES | MUL | NULL | |
| bar | int(11) | YES | MUL | NULL | |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
索引跨越三列的表在第一列有 MUL:
mysql> create table penguins (foo INT,
bar INT,
baz INT,
INDEX name (foo, bar, baz));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> desc penguins;
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| foo | int(11) | YES | MUL | NULL | |
| bar | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
| baz | int(11) | YES | | NULL | |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
具有引用另一个表主键的外键的表是 MUL
mysql> create table penguins(id int primary key);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> create table skipper(id int, foreign key(id) references penguins(id));
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> desc skipper;
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(11) | YES | MUL | NULL | |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> desc penguins;
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id | int(11) | NO | PRI | NULL | |
+-------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
将它贴在你的新皮质中,并将刻度盘设置为“frappe”。