DirectX 与 VB.NET答案

【问题标题】：DirectX with VB.NETDirectX 与 VB.NET
【发布时间】：2017-03-30 14:24:56
【问题描述】：

是否有一组关于 DirectX（9 或更高版本）的文档，其中显示了在 VB.NET 中使用 DirectX（9 或更高版本）的对象、方法、属性、事件和示例代码？最新的 SDK 包含 C++ 的详细信息，“Windows DiectX 图形文档”文件不包含这些详细信息。

【问题讨论】：

请注意，Microsoft 不再支持托管 DirectX。他们希望我们改用 XNA。有关 XNA 信息，请参阅 Filip 答案。
另一方面，XNA 只支持 DirectX 9。对于 10 和 11，SlimDX 是唯一的方法。

标签： directx

【解决方案1】：

我认为这里最明智的想法是使用 SlimDX（用户维护的非常好的包装器）。请记住，Microsoft 不再支持或更新托管 DirectX。（多年前停止支持）

http://slimdx.org/

去看看吧。它支持到 DirectX11。

【讨论】：

【解决方案2】：

在为托管 DirectX 和 XNA 编码时，您可能想检查一下 VB.NET Managed DirectX Example 和 The zBuffer 是一个非常好的资源！

【讨论】：

【解决方案3】：

直接在 Google 上搜索一下即可在 MSDN 上找到 DirectX developers center。快速浏览一下，可以找到DirectX 9.0 for managed code 的库页面。

【讨论】：

【解决方案4】：

看看 XNA 游戏工作室，它目前支持所有 .NET 语言。 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_XNA 在这里下载 http://www.microsoft.com/download/en/details.aspx?id=23714 它带有示例。

【讨论】：

请记住，Directx9 是比 Direct 9+x 更好的起点

【解决方案5】：

我建议您使用 SharpDX。这很像 SlimDX，但速度更快，并且几乎完全基于头文件创建。您应该能够在 VB 下使用该库，即使它的名称中有“Sharp”指向 C-Sharp。 Afaik 它是您也可以用于 WinRT 的唯一解决方案，它几乎是 1:1 采用 DirectX - 因此您可以使用原始的 MSDN DirectX 文档。它具有DX9、DX10和DX11的能力。

还可以在这里查看，以便在 SlimDX 和 SharpDX 之间做出决定：

SharpDX vs SlimDX for game development?

如果您只想要“托管 DirectX”而不需要更高级别的 API，我强烈建议您至少选择其中之一。

【讨论】：

【解决方案6】：

这是一个在 Visual Studio 2017 中使用 vb.net 和 C++ dll 的示例特点：

VB 中使用 XAML 控件的通用 Windows 项目 (UWP) 交换链面板。
调用标准的win32 dll dll初始化 DirectX，创建一个线程并从 dll 呈现 SwapChainPanel 用 C++ 编写的代码。
在 Visual Studio 2017 中编译

在 Visual Basic 中，将 SwapChainPanel 添加到 MainPage.xaml

<SwapChainPanel x:Name="swapChainPanel1">
        <TextBlock x:Name="txt1" Text="Hello from XAML!"
               HorizontalAlignment="Right"
               VerticalAlignment="Top"
               FontSize="30" />
        <Button Content="Button" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="30" Margin="812,484,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="97" Click="Button_Click"/>
        <Button Content="Button" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Height="79" Margin="851,561,0,0" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="126" Click="Button_Click_1"/>

</SwapChainPanel>

在 MainPage.xaml.vb 中

Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices      ' Required for dll calling. Our C dll is "dhv.dll"


    <DllImport("dhv.dll", CallingConvention:=CallingConvention.StdCall)>
    Private Shared Function D3DInit(ByVal swapChainNative As IntPtr) As UInteger
    End Function

    <DllImport("dhv.dll", CallingConvention:=CallingConvention.StdCall)>
    Private Shared Function D3DRender() As UInteger
    End Function



 Dim SwapChainNative As IntPtr


    Private Sub Tst(ByRef s As SwapChainPanel)              ' this is the Vb implementation of QueryInterface on SwapChainPanel cast as IUnknown. See the DirectX documentation
        Dim inspectableIface As IntPtr
        Dim uuid As New Guid("F92F19D2-3ADE-45A6-A20C-F6F1EA90554B")    ' GUID of ISwapChainPanelNative decalred in <windows.ui.xaml.media.dxinterop.h>

        inspectableIface = System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.GetIUnknownForObject(s)
        System.Runtime.InteropServices.Marshal.QueryInterface(inspectableIface, uuid, SwapChainNative)
    End Sub

    Private Sub Button_Click(sender As Object, e As RoutedEventArgs)
        Dim r As UInt32
        Tst(Me.swapChainPanel1)
        r = D3DInit(SwapChainNative)
        Me.txt1.Text = r 
    End Sub

    Private Sub Button_Click_1(sender As Object, e As RoutedEventArgs)
        D3DRender()
    End Sub

创建一个标准的 Win32 Dll 项目。它将导出两个函数。我使用 .def 文件来定义导出。这适用于 vb。不需要其他指令，例如 extern "C" __declspec (dllexport) BOOL __stdcall D3DInit()。确保它被链接器调用，即 /DEF:".\dhv.def"

LIBRARY   dhv
EXPORTS  
    D3DInit=D3DInit
    D3DRender=D3DRender

头文件Game.h（此代码基于http://www.directxtutorial.com。微软代码臃肿！

#pragma once

using namespace Microsoft::WRL;
using namespace DirectX;

class CGame
{


public:
    ComPtr<ID3D11Device1> dev;              // the device interface
    ComPtr<ID3D11DeviceContext1> devcon;    // the device context interface
    ComPtr<IDXGISwapChain1> swapchain;      // the swap chain interface
    ComPtr<ID3D11RenderTargetView> rendertarget;    

    ComPtr<ID3D11Texture2D> Backbuffer;

    UINT32 Initialize();
    void Update();
    UINT32 Render();
    void InitGraphics();

private:
    float ScreenColour;
    UINT ScreenColourI;

    UINT Width, Height;
    UINT32 * TextureData;

};

还有一个 Game.cpp 文件

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <wrl/client.h>
#include <d3d11_1.h>
#include <DirectXMath.h>
#include <windows.ui.xaml.media.dxinterop.h>
#include "Game.h"

DWORD WINAPI renderThread(LPVOID lpParameter);

CGame* pGame;
ComPtr<ISwapChainPanelNative> pSwapChainNative;

UINT32 __stdcall D3DInit(PULONG ptrSwapChainNative)
{
    UINT r;
    pGame = new CGame;
    pSwapChainNative = reinterpret_cast<ISwapChainPanelNative*> (ptrSwapChainNative);
    r = pGame->Initialize();

    return r;
}
UINT32 __stdcall D3DRender(void)
{

    CreateThread(NULL, NULL, renderThread, NULL, 0, NULL);
    return 0;
}


DWORD WINAPI renderThread(LPVOID lpParameter)
{

    for (int i = 0; i < 500; i++)
    {
        //pGame->Update();
        pGame->Render();
    }
    return 1;
}


// this function initializes and prepares Direct3D for use
UINT32 CGame::Initialize()
{
    HRESULT hr;
    // Define temporary pointers to a device and a device context
    ComPtr<ID3D11Device> dev11;
    ComPtr<ID3D11DeviceContext> devcon11;

    // Create the device and device context objects
    D3D11CreateDevice(
        nullptr,
        D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE,
        nullptr,
        0,
        nullptr,
        0,
        D3D11_SDK_VERSION,
        &dev11,
        nullptr,
        &devcon11);

    // Convert the pointers from the DirectX 11 versions to the DirectX 11.1 versions
    dev11.As(&dev);
    devcon11.As(&devcon);


    // First, convert our ID3D11Device1 into an IDXGIDevice1
    ComPtr<IDXGIDevice1> dxgiDevice;
    dev.As(&dxgiDevice);

    // Second, use the IDXGIDevice1 interface to get access to the adapter
    ComPtr<IDXGIAdapter> dxgiAdapter;
    dxgiDevice->GetAdapter(&dxgiAdapter);

    // Third, use the IDXGIAdapter interface to get access to the factory
    ComPtr<IDXGIFactory2> dxgiFactory;
    dxgiAdapter->GetParent(__uuidof(IDXGIFactory2), &dxgiFactory);


    /*
    // set up the swap chain description
    DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC1 scd = {0};
    scd.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT;    // how the swap chain should be used
    scd.BufferCount = 2;                                  // a front buffer and a back buffer
    scd.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;              // the most common swap chain format
    scd.SwapEffect = DXGI_SWAP_EFFECT_FLIP_SEQUENTIAL;    // the recommended flip mode
    scd.SampleDesc.Count = 1;                             // disable anti-aliasing



    CoreWindow^ Window = CoreWindow::GetForCurrentThread();    // get the window pointer

    hr = dxgiFactory->CreateSwapChainForCoreWindow(
    dev.Get(),                                  // address of the device
    reinterpret_cast<IUnknown*>(Window),        // address of the window
    &scd,                                       // address of the swap chain description
    nullptr,                                    // advanced
    &swapchain);
    */

    DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC1 scd = { 0 };
    scd.Width = 1000;           //BUG setting it arbitarily. Needs cleanup. by Ravi
    scd.Height = 800;
    scd.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_B8G8R8A8_UNORM;           // this is the most common swapchain format
    scd.Stereo = false;
    scd.SampleDesc.Count = 1;                          // don't use multi-sampling
    scd.SampleDesc.Quality = 0;
    scd.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT;
    scd.BufferCount = 2;
    scd.Scaling = DXGI_SCALING_STRETCH;
    scd.SwapEffect = DXGI_SWAP_EFFECT_FLIP_SEQUENTIAL; // we recommend using this swap effect for all applications
    scd.Flags = 0;


    hr = dxgiFactory->CreateSwapChainForComposition(
        dev.Get(),
        &scd,
        nullptr,                                    // allow on any display 
        &swapchain);


    if (FAILED(hr))
    {
        return  204;
    }

    pSwapChainNative->SetSwapChain(swapchain.Get());


    // get a pointer directly to the back buffer
    swapchain->GetBuffer(0, __uuidof(ID3D11Texture2D), &Backbuffer);


    // create a render target pointing to the back buffer
    dev->CreateRenderTargetView(Backbuffer.Get(), nullptr, &rendertarget);


    // Width and Height
    swapchain->GetDesc1(&scd);
    Width = scd.Width;
    Height = scd.Height;


    TextureData = new UINT32[Width * Height];


    // initialize graphics and the pipeline
    InitGraphics();


    return 0;
}

// this function performs updates to the state of the game
void CGame::Update()
{
}

// this function renders a single frame of 3D graphics
UINT32 CGame::Render()
{
    UINT n, i;
    UINT  * psrc;
/*
    // set our new render target object as the active render target
    devcon->OMSetRenderTargets(1, rendertarget.GetAddressOf(), nullptr);

    ScreenColour += 0.005f;
    if (ScreenColour >0.9f)
        ScreenColour = 0.0f;

    // clear the back buffer to a deep blue
    float color[4] = {ScreenColour, ScreenColour, ScreenColour, 1.0f};
    devcon->ClearRenderTargetView(rendertarget.Get(), color);
*/
    psrc = TextureData;
    i = ScreenColourI & 255;

    for (n=0; n<Width*Height; n++)
    {
        *psrc++ = (i<<16) | (i<<8) | i ;
        i++;
        i &= 255;
    }


    ScreenColourI += 1;

    devcon->UpdateSubresource (Backbuffer.Get(), 0, NULL, TextureData, Width*4, 0);

    // switch the back buffer and the front buffer
    swapchain->Present(1, 0);

    return 0;

}

// this function loads and initializes all graphics data
void CGame::InitGraphics()
{
    ScreenColour = 0.0f;
    ScreenColourI = 0;
}

最后别忘了点赞 D3D11.lib

你去吧，VB 窗口是从 DirectX 非托管 dll 以 60Hz 绘制的！

拉维

【讨论】：