Swift 4 无法读取数据，因为它的格式不正确

Question

我正在开发一个项目来学习如何解析 JSON。我正在尝试将 JSON 解析为 struct。我正在尝试使用接下来的代码来执行此操作，但出现以下错误：

Err 由于格式不正确，无法读取数据。

我做错了什么？我也尝试使用 Alamofire，但没有找到将其解析为 struct 的方法。

func getData(){
    let gitUrl = URL(string: "http://95.46.99.250:9095/api/v1/institution-categories")
    URLSession.shared.dataTask(with: gitUrl!) { (data, response
        , error) in
        let data = data
        print(data)
        do {
            let decoder = JSONDecoder()
            let gitData = try decoder.decode([Root].self, from: data!)

        } catch let err {
            print("\nErr", err.localizedDescription)
        }
        }.resume()
}

结构

struct Root: Codable {
    let  data: [InnerItem]
}
struct InnerItem:Codable {
    let  id: Int?
    let  image: String?
    let  name: String?

    private enum CodingKeys : String, CodingKey {
        case id = "id", image = "image", name = "name"
    }
}

JSON

{
"data": [
    {
        "id": 1,
        "name": "Пабы и бары",
        "image": "http://95.46.99.250:9095/storage/photos/beer@2x.png"
    },
    {
        "id": 2,
        "name": "Кафе",
        "image": "http://95.46.99.250:9095/storage/photos/coffee@3x.png"
    },
    {
        "id": 3,
        "name": "Ночной клуб",
        "image": "http://95.46.99.250:9095/storage/photos/0201f7523bc2028f174710b51379e432.png"
    },
    {
        "id": 4,
        "name": "Ресторан",
        "image": "http://95.46.99.250:9095/storage/photos/restaurants@3x.png"
    },
    {
        "id": 5,
        "name": "Караоке-клуб",
        "image": "http://95.46.99.250:9095/storage/photos/microphone.png"
    },
    {
        "id": 6,
        "name": "Суши-бар",
        "image": "http://95.46.99.250:9095/storage/photos/sushi.png"
    },
    {
        "id": 7,
        "name": "Пиццерии",
        "image": "http://95.46.99.250:9095/storage/photos/pizza.png"
    },
    {
        "id": 8,
        "name": "Кальянная",
        "image": "http://95.46.99.250:9095/storage/photos/c111d1e5ad6b90b61ac36836d220ebba.png"
    },
    {
        "id": 9,
        "name": "Общая",
        "image": "http://95.46.99.250:9095/storage/photos/Group 315@3x.png"
    }
]
}

Answer 1

试试这个

let gitData = try decoder.decode(Root.self, from: data!)

遍历您的数据

for singleData in gitData.data where (singleData.name ?? "") == "Cafe" {
    print(singleData.image)
}

Answer 2

对我来说，“无法读取数据，因为它的格式不正确”的问题。与我尝试使用的特定 XLSX 文件有关。我在 Excel 中创建了一个新的 XLSX 文件，并将其添加到我的项目中，并且成功了！然后我只是将我需要的数据从给我错误的文件中粘贴到新创建的 XLSX 文件中并解析！

    static func load() {
    
    guard let filePath = Bundle.main.path(forResource: "test", ofType: "xlsx", inDirectory: nil) else {
        fatalError("XLSX file not exist")
    }
    
    let file = XLSXFile(filepath: filePath)
    
    do {
                   
        let parseBooks = try? file?.parseWorkbooks()
        
        for eachBook in parseBooks! {
            
            for (name, path) in try file!.parseWorksheetPathsAndNames(workbook: eachBook) {
    
                let worksheet = try file!.parseWorksheet(at: path)
                let sharedStrings = try file!.parseSharedStrings()
                print(sharedStrings)
    
            }
        }
    } catch {
        print("Error: \(error.localizedDescription)")
    }
  }

Answer 3

? 排查coding/decoding 错误

使用codables 时，不要打印.localizedDescription，而是尝试打印error 本身！所以编译器会准确描述问题出在哪里！

do {
    let decoder = JSONDecoder()
    let decoded = try decoder.decode([Root].self, from: data!)
} catch {
    // print(localizedDescription) // <- ⚠️ Don't use this!

    print(String(describing: error)) // <- ✅ Use this for debuging!
}

---

你的情况

它会指出：

• 解码器尝试将根对象解码为Array，但找到了Dictionary。

所以你关注这个问题并看到你应该替换：

decoder.decode([Root].self, from: data!)

与：

decoder.decode(Root.self, from: data!)