用一个新窗口替换一个窗口 - Python tkinter

Question

我正在 Pythonn tkinter 中创建一个问答游戏。我正在使用我的原始窗口，在程序的开头称为window。然后，如果用户单击 START 按钮，window 将被替换为 window2，并且在 App 类中创建的按钮将显示在 window2 上。当我这样做时，它会引发以下错误：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\Meirom\PycharmProjects\quiz\main.py", line 45, in <module>
    class App:
  File "C:\Users\Meirom\PycharmProjects\quiz\main.py", line 47, in App
    def __init__(self, button1=MyButton(window2, 50, 200),
NameError: name 'window2' is not defined

我的代码：

from tkinter import *
from itertools import count


window = Tk()
window.title("Python Quiz")
width = window.winfo_screenwidth()
height = window.winfo_screenheight()
window.geometry("%dx%d" % (width, height))


def open_new_window():
    window2 = Toplevel(window)
    window2.title("Python Quiz")
    width2 = window2.winfo_screenwidth()
    height2 = window2.winfo_screenheight()
    window2.geometry("%dx%d" % (width2, height2))
    window.destroy()

open_new_window()


def start_command():
    destroy_list = [welcome, quit_button]

    for i in destroy_list:
        i.destroy()

    destroy_start()


def destroy_start():
    start_button.destroy()
    call = App()
    print(call.questions())
    open_new_window()


class MyButton(Button):
    def __init__(self, parent, x, y, **kwargs):
        super().__init__(parent, kwargs, activebackground="lightblue")
        self.place(x=x, y=y)


class App:
    counter = count(0)
    def __init__(self, button1=MyButton(window2, 50, 200),
                 button2 = MyButton(window2, 150, 200),
                 button3 = MyButton(window2, 250, 200),
                 button4 = MyButton(window2, 350, 200)):
        self.button1 = button1.configure(command=lambda: self.button1)
        self.button2 = button2.configure(command=lambda: self.button2)
        self.button3 = button3.configure(command=lambda: self.button3)
        self.button4 = button4.configure(command=lambda: self.button4)
        self.counter = next(self.counter)
        self.button1 = button1
        self.button2 = button2
        self.button3 = button3
        self.button4 = button4

        if self.counter > 5:
            return

    def questions(self):
        questions_list = ["What is the data type of the following object?: 3.5",
                          "What is a correct syntax to output \"Hello World\" in Python?",
                          "How do you insert COMMENTS in Python code?",
                          "Which one is NOT a legal variable name?",
                          "How do you create a variable with the NUMERIC value 5?",
                          "What is the output of the following code?",
                          "What is the output of the following code?",
                          "What is the output of the following code?",
                          "What is the output of the following code?"]

        answers = [["float", "int", "str", "bool"],
                   ["printf(\"Hello World\")", "print(Hello World)", "print(\"Hello World\")", "print\"(Hello)\""],
                   ["\\ COMMENT", "// COMMENT", "/* COMMENT */", "# COMMENT"],
                   ["MyVar", "my-var", "_myVar", "my_var"],
                   ["x == 5", "x = int(5)", "x = 5", "Options 2 and 3 are both correct"],
                   [955, 3692, -1, 105],
                   ["The sum is 6", "The sum is 4", "The sum is 5", "The sum is 22"],
                   ["True", "yes", "False", "no"],
                   ["100 97 180 99 101", "100 180 101", "97 99", "None of\nthe above"]]

        correct_answers = [0, 2, 3, 1, 3, 1, 2, 3, 0]

        question_num.configure("Question #%d" % self.counter)
        question_num.place(x=230, y=20)
        questions_label.configure(questions_list[self.counter - 1])
        self.button1.configure(text=answers[self.count - 1][0])
        self.button2.configure(text=answers[self.count - 1][1])
        self.button3.configure(text=answers[self.count - 1][2])
        self.button4.configure(text=answers[self.count - 1][3])

        if self.counter > 5:
            question_read = open("question%d.txt" % self.counter, "r")
            code_label.configure(text=question_read.readlines())
            question_read.close()
            code_label.place(x=230, y=100)

        return correct_answers[self.counter - 1]


welcome = Label(window, text="Welcome the Python Quiz!", font=("Arial Rounded MT Bold", 50))
welcome.place(x=230, y=20)

start_button = Button(window, text="START", bg="lime", font=("Arial Rounded MT Bold", 50), width=7,
                              command=start_command)
start_button.place(x=470, y=220)

quit_button = Button(window, text="QUIT", bg="red", font=("Arial Rounded MT Bold", 50), width=7,
                             command=lambda: quit())
quit_button.place(x=470, y=370)
question_label = Label(window, font=("Arial Rounded MT Bold", 30))
question_num = Label(window)
code_label = Label(window)


mainloop()

程序中使用的文本文件的内容：

question6.txt：

def max_num(num1, num2, num3):
  if num1 >= num2 and num1 >= num3:
    print(num1)
  elif num2 >= num1 and num2 >= num3:
    print(num2)
  else:
    print(num3)

max_num(3692,955,105)

question7.txt：

def count_digit (num):
    sum= 0
    while num>=1:
         sum=sum+num%10
         num=num//10
    print("The sum is: " + str(sum))

count_digit(63625)

question8.txt：

def is_there_char(str):
    if str.find("!") == -1:
        print("no")
    else:
        print("yes")

is_there_char("pink")

question9.txt：

my_dict = {
  "32233344": 100,
  "08098509": 97,
  "22222299": 180,
  "23563346" : 99,
  "22224444" : 101
}
for key in my_dict:
    if my_dict [key] >90:
        print(my_dict[key])

我该如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

在您的班级应用程序中，您引用 window2 def __init__(self, button1=MyButton(window2, 50, 200), 但它没有全局定义，它只存在于 open_new_window() 中。