查看已经挂载的分区和文件系统类型
[root@VM_101_18212122_centos /]# df -T Filesystem Type 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/vda1 ext3 20641404 13449448 6143440 69% /
fdisk -l 可以显示出所有挂载和未挂载的分区，但不显示文件系统类型
[root@VM_101_18212122_centos /]# fdisk -l // 查看磁盘 Disk /dev/vda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00072b28 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System //设备启动端块ID系统 /dev/vda1 * 1 2611 20970496 83 Linux Disk /dev/vdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes // 这块磁盘没有设备 是因为没有挂载 16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 208050 cylinders Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00000000
fdisk 命令进行建立分区
磁盘分区分为：主分区、扩展分区、逻辑分区；主分区至少有1个，最多4个；扩展分区可以没有，最多1个
主分区+扩展分区 最多不得超过4个，如果需要多个分区可以先建立扩展分区，在扩展分区中划分多个逻辑分区
执行分区步骤可以根据 ：fdisk 命令 Linux下磁盘挂载 这2篇博客文章操作
自定义当前第几块分区注意：Partition number（1-4） ：number 这个数字是指在当前这块硬盘上第几个分区
[root@VM_101_18212122_centos ~]# fdisk /dev/vdb Device contains neither a valid DOS partition table, nor Sun, SGI or OSF disklabel Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0xf3de3926. Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them. After that, of course, the previous content won't be recoverable. Warning: invalid flag 0x0000 of partition table 4 will be corrected by w(rite) WARNING: DOS-compatible mode is deprecated. It's strongly recommended to switch off the mode (command 'c') and change display units to sectors (command 'u'). Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) p Partition number (1-4): 1 // 第一个分区 First cylinder (1-208050, default 1): Using default value 1 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (1-208050, default 208050): +50G Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/vdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 208050 cylinders Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf3de3926 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/vdb1 1 104026 52429072+ 83 Linux Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) e Partition number (1-4): 1 // 这里必须至少从2 开始 Partition 1 is already defined. Delete it before re-adding it. Command (m for help): n Command action e extended p primary partition (1-4) e Partition number (1-4): 2 First cylinder (104027-208050, default 104027): Using default value 104027 Last cylinder, +cylinders or +size{K,M,G} (104027-208050, default 208050): Using default value 208050 Command (m for help): p Disk /dev/vdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 208050 cylinders Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf3de3926 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/vdb1 1 104026 52429072+ 83 Linux /dev/vdb2 104027 208050 52428096 5 Extended Command (m for help): p // 打印磁盘情况 Disk /dev/vdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 208050 cylinders Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf2295fd0 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/vdb1 1 104026 52429072+ 83 Linux /dev/vdb2 104027 208050 52428096 83 Linux Command (m for help): w // 保存 The partition table has been altered! Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table. Syncing disks. [root@VM_101_182121222_centos ~]# fdisk -l Disk /dev/vda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 2610 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x00072b28 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/vda1 * 1 2611 20970496 83 Linux Disk /dev/vdb: 107.4 GB, 107374182400 bytes 16 heads, 63 sectors/track, 208050 cylinders Units = cylinders of 1008 * 512 = 516096 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0xf2295fd0 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/vdb1 1 104026 52429072+ 83 Linux /dev/vdb2 104027 208050 52428096 83 Linux