介绍
树莓派是什么?
树莓派是一个只有信用卡大小的电脑，可以连接你的电视或者键盘. 它是短小精干的PC，你可以用它作一些桌面电脑做的事情, 比如电子表格, 文字处理，玩游戏. 它还能播放高品质视频. 我们希望全世界的小朋友都能用树莓派来学习编程.
我能买树莓派基金会的股份么?
我们是一个慈善机构, 所以你无法买公司股份. 如果你想支持我们, 请买一个树莓派吧.
购买及运输
我在哪能买到?
你可以在Premier Farnell/Element 14 和RS Components买到官方出售的树莓派. 这两个分销商向全球出售.
在天朝, 台湾, 香港和澳门，你可以在Egoman Technology Corp直接购买.
我一次性能买几个?
我们已经解除了一人一个的限制: 随你想买多少个都行.
多少钱一个啊?
A版25美刀，B版35美刀, 还要加上地方税和运费/手续费.
买来都有些什么?
只有一个树莓派板子. 电源或是SD卡之类的都没有，你可以在Farnell或者RS一起买到，还能买到预装好系统的SD卡.
你们是英国公司啊！为什么价格要用美元啊?
我们购买的配件以美元计价, 生产商也以美元计价. 现在货币市场如此动荡, 为了避免不断变更价格，我们最终决定也用美元计价.
会有买一捐一的活动么?
会有的. 我们在筹划这个活动, 当然，如果你愿意，你可以买一个送人.
全球都能买到?
一开始我们就打算向全球发售. 在适当的时候我们会设个分销网络.
最小订购量?
一台.
我想做树莓派的分销商.
我们已经与RS和Farnell签订了独家分销协议; 分销商可以从他们那批量采购(降低运输成本到最低)并销售. 你不需要任何特殊许可去转售, 他们非常乐意卖给分销商. 遗憾的是, 由于我们的定价方式(实际上我们是慈善组织), 你将不会有批量购买的折扣 – 大部分分销商靠卖同时卖高利润的外设等等来赚钱.
概括
树莓派A型和B型有什么区别?
A型内置256M的内存, 1个USB口并且不带有线网接口. B型内置512M的内存, 2个USB口并且带有有线网接口.
树莓派的尺寸What are the dimensions of the Raspberry Pi?
树莓派长85.60mm宽56mm高21mm, 插上SD卡会超出边缘一部分. 重量为45g.
用的什么芯片?
采用的是博通的BCM2835. 其包含了一块支持浮点的ARM1176JZFS CPU, 频率为700Mhz, 和一个支持Videocore 4的GPU. GPU使用H.264硬解, 速率达到40MBits/s, 能处理蓝光质量的视频播放. 还包括一个高速的3D核心, 支持OpenGL ES2.0和OpenVG.
为什么选ARM11?
性价比高.
性能如何?
GPU支持Open GL ES 2.0, OpenVG硬件加速, 和高至1080P 30FPS的H.264硬解.
The GPU is capable of 1Gpixel/s, 1.5Gtexel/s or 24 GFLOPs of general purpose compute and features a bunch of texture filtering and DMA infrastructure.
That is, graphics capabilities are roughly equivalent to Xbox 1 level of performance. Overall real world performance is something like a 300MHz Pentium 2, only with much, much swankier graphics.
可以超频?
Most devices will run happily at 800MHz. In the latest Raspbian distro there is an option to change the overclocking options on first boot and any time afterwards by running “raspi-config” without voiding your warranty. It should be noted that these are experimental settings and not every board will be able to run stably at the highest setting. If you experience issues, try reducing the overclocking settings until stability is restored.
可以搅碎?
Yes. We have conducted extensive virtual simulations. No Raspberry Pis were harmed in the testing.
如何启动?
You have to boot from SD but a USB HD can “take over” after the initial boot. You cannot boot without an SD card.
开关在哪?
To switch on: just plug it in!
To switch off: remove power.
为什么没有实时时钟(RTC)?
The expectation is that non-network connected units will have their clocks updated manually at startup. Adding an RTC is surprisingly expensive, once you’ve factored in batteries, area and componentry and would have pushed us above our target price. You can add one yourself using the GPIO pins if you’re after an interesting electronics project.
卖可组装包么?
No. It would be too expensive for us to provide kits alongside finished boards, which would mean introducing another step in manufacturing; and a kit would be impossible to hand solder. We use special equipment (robots!) to solder on the BGA package and other tiny components.
能自行添加内存么?
No. The RAM is a POP package on top of the SoC, so it’s not removable or swappable.
有硬件文档么?
Broadcom don’t release a full datasheet for the BCM2835, which is the chip at the heart of the Raspberry Pi. We will release a datasheet for the SoC which will cover the hardware exposed on the Raspi board e.g. the GPIOs. We will also release a board schematic later on.
But I want documentation for <hardware X>!
Other documentation may be released in future but this will be at the Foundation’s discretion.
But I demand the documentation for the chip. Give it to me!
To get the full SoC documentation you would need to sign an NDA with Broadcom, who make the chip and sell it to us. But you would also need to provide a business model and estimate of how many chips you are going to sell.
Why doesn’t the Raspberry Pi include <insert name> piece of hardware or <insert name> sort of port?
Our main function is a charitable one – we’re trying to build the cheapest possible computer that provides a certain basic level of functionality, and keeping the price low means we’ve had to make hard decisions about what hardware and interfaces to include.
Can you test it to make sure that it is suitable for <X>?
If you want to use it for something that we haven’t tested, and that it’s not intended for (i.e. anything but the educational work we’re planning for it), then that development work is up to you.
How do I connect a mouse and keyboard?
Model A has one USB port and Model B has 2. Beyond this, mice, keyboards, network adapters and external storage will all connect via a USB hub.
外壳
有外壳么?
现在没有官方的外壳. 2013年会发布自带外壳的教育版本. 论坛上有许多自制外壳的讨论. There are several third party cases available, we suggest stopping by the forums and reading some of the threads about cases you can purchase or build yourself.
能装进Altoids口香糖盒里么?
Doesn’t quite work, I’m afraid – because we don’t round off the edges of the board, it’s a little too big to fit the tin.
图形
我能用什么显示器?
There is composite and HDMI out on the board, so you can hook it up to an old analogue TV, to a digital TV or to a DVI monitor (using a cheap adapter for the DVI). There is no VGA support, but adaptors are available, although these are relatively expensive.
为什么不支持VGA?
The chip specifically supports HDMI. VGA is considered to be an end-of-life technology, so supporting it doesn’t fit with our plans at the moment.
Is there a GPU binary?
Yes. The GPU binary also contains the first stage bootloader.
可以加触摸屏么?
We haven’t experimented with any touchscreens yet, but there’s no electronic reason why it shouldn’t work. There’s lots of discussion about this on the forums. The main issue people are encountering seems to be one of cost; touchscreens are very pricey!
工作温度范围是多少?
The Raspberry Pi is built from commercial chips which are qualified to different temperature ranges; the LAN9512 is specified by the manufacturers being qualified from 0°C to 70°C, while the AP is qualified from -40°C to 85°C. You may well find that the board will work outside those temperatures, but we’re not qualifying the board itself to these extremes.
音频
支持HDMI么?
是的.
What about standard audio in and out?
There’s a standard 3.5mm jack for audio out. You can add any supported USB microphone for audio in.
电源
What are the power requirements?
The device is powered by 5v micro USB. You can read more about it here. Power supplies will be available at launch.
Can I run power Raspberry Pi from batteries as well as from a wall socket?
Yes. The device should run off 4 x AA rechargeable cells, but there may be stability issues as the batteries lose their charge. Using 4 x AA Alkaline cells will result in 6v and it is therefore recommended to use a voltage regulator.
Is power over Ethernet (PoE) possible?
Not in the base device, but it’s been a very commonly requested feature, so we’re examining options for later releases.
软件
用什么操作系统?
We recommend Debian as our default distribution. It’s straightforward to replace the root partition on the SD card with another ARM Linux distro if you want to use something else (there are several available on our downloads page). The OS is stored on the SD card.
有官方编程语言么?
By default, we’ll be supporting Python as the educational language.
Any language which will compile for ARMv6 can be used with the Raspberry Pi, though; so you’re not limited to using Python.
能运行WINE么 (或者Windows, 或者其他x86软件)?
不行.
What Linux distros will be supported at launch?
Fedora, Debian and ArchLinux will be supported from the start. We hope to see support from other distros later. (Because of issues with newer releases of Ubuntu and the ARM processor we are using, Ubuntu can’t commit to support Raspberry Pi at the moment.) You will be able to download distro images from us as soon as the Raspberry Pi is released, and we will also be selling pre-loaded SD cards shortly after release.
能运行Android么?
A version of android can be found in the forum. It is not presently stable enough for everyday use, however work is continuing on it.
Will it run <insert name of program here>?
In general, you need to look to see whether the program you want can be compiled for the ARMv6 architecture. In most cases the answer will be yes. Specific programs are discussed on our forum, so you might want to look there for an answer.
Will it run the new Windows 8 ARM version?
We are not partners with Microsoft, and their support would be required for porting Windows 8.
SD卡和存储设备
We have tried cards up to 32GB and most cards seem to work OK. The Wiki has more information about which makes and models work best. You can also attach a USB stick or USB hard drive for storage. The minimum sized SD card you can use is 2GB, but it is recommended to use at least 4GB if you want to additional programs to the image.
变砖咋办?
You can restore the device by reflashing the SD card.
网络, USB和无线
Does the device support networking? Is there Wi-Fi?
The Model B version of the device includes 10/100 wired Ethernet. There is no Ethernet on the Model A version (which we expect to be taken up mostly by the education market), but Wi-Fi will be available via a standard USB dongle.
Will there be a WiFi option?
Not in the first version, though you can add a dongle. ARM Linux WiFi support can be a bit patchy; there’s a list of tested dongles on the wiki.
Why no Gigabit Ethernet?
The Ethernet is driven via USB 2.0, so the upstream bandwidth would not support Gigabit.
Does the device have support for any form of netbooting or pxe?
No. However, it’s such a low power device that we expect it to be left on much of the time!
How do you connect more than two USB devices?
Use a hub to increase the number of ports. Some keyboards have hubs built in which would work well. It is recommended to use a powered hub.
教育应用
有啥教育用的材料不?
We’re working with partners to get software materials developed, as well as with the open source community. Computing at School are writing a user guide and programming manual, we’re aware of a few books being planned and written around the Raspberry Pi, and others have already started to produce some excellent tutorials including video. We’re also working with partners to use it as a teaching platform for other subjects, including languages, maths and so on.
Once we launch, we hope that the community will help bodies like Computing at School put together teaching material such as lesson plans and resources and push this into schools. In due course, the foundation hopes to provide a system of prizes to give young people something to work towards.
There’s lots of discussion of educational uses and resources in our forums – come and have a chat!
我还有其他问题!
Check the wiki pages at http://elinux.org/RaspberryPiBoard for more information, or ask in the forums, where there are lots of helpful Raspberry Pi owners, users and fans who will be more than happy to help you out. http://www.raspberrypi.org/phpBB3/
名词表
BGA: 球栅阵列. 一种电子产品表面封装类型.
SoC: 片上系统. A computer on a single chip.
GPIO: 通用输入输出接口. A pin that can be programmed to do stuff.
GPU: graphics processing unit. The hardware the handles the graphics.
Distro: a specific package (“flavour”) of Linux and associated software.
Brick: to accidentally render a device inert by making changes to software or firmware.
Pxe: 远程引导技术. 靠网络启动设备.
PoE: 以太网供电. 靠网线给设备供电.
转载于:https://my.oschina.net/funnky/blog/133064