首先我们需要添加一块磁盘：
[[email protected] ~]# reboot 重启，使得系统读取磁盘
[[email protected] ~]# ls /dev/sd* 查看SCSI设备
/dev/sda /dev/sda1 /dev/sda2 /dev/sdb
[[email protected] ~]# fdisk –l 查看硬盘情况
Disk /dev/sda: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x00002ec3
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 616447 307200 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 616448 4810751 2097152 82 Linux swap / Solaris
/dev/sda3 4810752 41943039 18566144 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
[[email protected] ~]# fdisk /dev/sdb 给新添加的磁盘分区
Welcome to fdisk (util-linux 2.23.2).
Changes will remain in memory only, until you decide to write them.
Be careful before using the write command.
Device does not contain a recognized partition table
Building a new DOS disklabel with disk identifier 0x6c2ce855.
Command (m for help): n 新建分区
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p 默认选择
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1 选择第一个分区
First sector (2048-41943039, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-41943039, default 41943039): +10G 指定分区大小
Partition 1 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set
Command (m for help): n 再次新建一个分区
Partition type:
p primary (1 primary, 0 extended, 3 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (2-4, default 2): 默认选择第二个分区
First sector (20973568-41943039, default 20973568):
Using default value 20973568
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (20973568-41943039, default 41943039): 回车即可
Using default value 41943039
Partition 2 of type Linux and of size 10 GiB is set
Command (m for help): p 打印磁盘分区信息
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x6c2ce855
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 20973567 10485760 83 Linux
/dev/sdb2 20973568 41943039 10484736 83 Linux
Command (m for help): t 更改分区类型
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 1 选择第一个分区
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e 修改为8e类型
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): t 更改分区类型
Partition number (1,2, default 2): 2 选择第一个分区
Hex code (type L to list all codes): 8e 修改为8e类型
Changed type of partition 'Linux' to 'Linux LVM'
Command (m for help): p 打印磁盘分区信息
Disk /dev/sdb: 21.5 GB, 21474836480 bytes, 41943040 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk label type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x6c2ce855
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 20973567 10485760 8e Linux LVM
/dev/sdb2 20973568 41943039 10484736 8e Linux LVM
Command (m for help): w 保存退出
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
[[email protected] ~]# pvcreate /dev/sdb{1,2} 创建物理卷
Physical volume "/dev/sdb1" successfully created.
Physical volume "/dev/sdb2" successfully created.
[[email protected] ~]# pvdisplay 查看物理卷
[[email protected] ~]# vgcreate zz /dev/sdb1 /dev/sdb2 创建物理卷组
Volume group "zz" successfully created
[[email protected] ~]# vgdisplay 查看物理卷组
[[email protected] ~]# lvcreate -L 5G -n sb zz 创建逻辑卷
Logical volume "sb" created.
[[email protected] ~]# lvdisplay /dev/zz/sblvdisplay /dev/zz/sb 查看逻辑卷
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/zz/sb
LV Name sb
VG Name zz
LV UUID fFHyw1-Tbu1-zVxP-GOZM-t9D4-sHx8-5qRYSp
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2020-04-10 00:22:13 +0800
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 5.00 GiB
Current LE 1280
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:2
Failed to find logical volume "zz/sblvdisplay"
[[email protected] ~]# lvextend -L +2G /dev/zz/sb 逻辑卷扩容
Size of logical volume zz/sb changed from 5.00 GiB (1280 extents) to 7.00 GiB (1792 extents).
Logical volume zz/sb successfully resized.
[[email protected] ~]# lvdisplay /dev/zz/sb 查看逻辑卷
--- Logical volume ---
LV Path /dev/zz/sb
LV Name sb
VG Name zz
LV UUID fFHyw1-Tbu1-zVxP-GOZM-t9D4-sHx8-5qRYSp
LV Write Access read/write
LV Creation host, time localhost.localdomain, 2020-04-10 00:22:13 +0800
LV Status available
# open 0
LV Size 7.00 GiB
Current LE 1792
Segments 1
Allocation inherit
Read ahead sectors auto
- currently set to 8192
Block device 253:2
[[email protected] ~]# mkfs.ext4 /dev/zz/sb 格式化成为ext4格式
mke2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
458752 inodes, 1835008 blocks
91750 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=1879048192
56 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8192 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736, 1605632
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (32768 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
[[email protected] ~]# mkdir /abc 创建一个配额目录
[[email protected] ~]# mount /dev/zz/sb /abc/ 将逻辑卷挂载到目录中
[[email protected] ~]# resize2fs /dev/zz/sb 查看系统文件大小
resize2fs 1.42.9 (28-Dec-2013)
The filesystem is already 1835008 blocks long. Nothing to do!
[[email protected] ~]# mount | tail -1 查看挂载类型
/dev/mapper/zz-sb on /abc type ext4 (rw,relatime,seclabel,data=ordered)
[[email protected] ~]# mount -o remount,usrquota,grpquota /dev/zz/sb /abc/ 制定挂载类型
[[email protected] ~]# mount | tail -1 查看挂载类型
/dev/mapper/zz-sb on /abc type ext4 (rw,relatime,seclabel,quota,usrquota,grpquota,data=ordered)
[[email protected] ~]# chmod 777 /abc/ 给配额目录777权限
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/fstab 配置永久挂载
/dev/zz/sb /abc ext4 defaults,usrquota,grpquota 0 0
[[email protected] ~]# mount –a 刷新配置文件
[[email protected] ~]# setenforce 0 关闭沙盒
[[email protected] ~]# ll /abc/ 查看配额目录类型
total 16
drwx------. 2 root root 16384 Apr 10 00:22 lost+found
[[email protected] ~]# quotacheck –augcv 创建配额
quotacheck: Your kernel probably supports journaled quota but you are not using it. Consider switching to journaled quota to avoid running quotacheck after an unclean shutdown.
quotacheck: Scanning /dev/mapper/zz-sb [/abc] done
quotacheck: Cannot stat old user quota file /abc/aquota.user: No such file or directory. Usage will not be subtracted.
quotacheck: Cannot stat old group quota file /abc/aquota.group: No such file or directory. Usage will not be subtracted.
quotacheck: Cannot stat old user quota file /abc/aquota.user: No such file or directory. Usage will not be subtracted.
quotacheck: Cannot stat old group quota file /abc/aquota.group: No such file or directory. Usage will not be subtracted.
quotacheck: Checked 2 directories and 0 files
quotacheck: Old file not found.
quotacheck: Old file not found.
[[email protected] ~]# ll /abc/
total 32
-rw-------. 1 root root 6144 Apr 10 00:26 aquota.group
-rw-------. 1 root root 6144 Apr 10 00:26 aquota.user
drwx------. 2 root root 16384 Apr 10 00:22 lost+found
[[email protected] ~]# useradd zs 创建配额用户
[[email protected] ~]# edquota -u zs 添加zs用户到配额中
Disk quotas for user zs (uid 1001):
Filesystem blocks soft hard inodes soft hard
/dev/mapper/zz-sb 0 0 0 0 0 3
[[email protected] ~]# quotaon -ugv /abc 开启配额
/dev/mapper/zz-sb [/abc]: group quotas turned on
/dev/mapper/zz-sb [/abc]: user quotas turned on
切换zs用户验证：
[[email protected] ~]# su - zs
[[email protected] ~]$ cd /abc/
[[email protected] abc]$ touch 1
[[email protected] abc]$ touch 2
[[email protected] abc]$ touch 3
[[email protected] abc]$ touch 4
dm-2: write failed, user file limit reached.
touch: cannot touch ‘4’: Disk quota exceeded