RHEL 6.5 ----Postfix邮件服务器
| 主机名 | IP | 服务 |
| master | 192.168.30.130 | |
| slave | 192.168.30.131 |
软件包介绍
| 包名 | 介绍 |
| postfix-2.6.6-2.2.el6_1.x86_64 | postfix的主程序包，必须安装 |
| dovecot.x86_64 1:2.0.9-7.el6 | 用于接收邮件 |
安装
[[email protected] ~]# yum install -y postfix dovecot
配置文件和日志文件位置
[[email protected] ~]# ls /etc/postfix/ access generic main.cf relocated virtual canonical header_checks master.cf transport [[email protected] ~]# ls /var/log/maillog /var/log/maillog
启动postfix服务并查看
[[email protected] ~]# service postfix start [[email protected] ~]# netstat -antup | grep 25 tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1570/master tcp 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1570/master [[email protected] ~]# ps -ef | grep postfix root 1570 1 0 16:53 ? 00:00:00 /usr/libexec/postfix/master postfix 1579 1570 0 16:53 ? 00:00:00 qmgr -l -t fifo -u postfix 2589 1570 0 18:33 ? 00:00:00 pickup -l -t fifo -u root 2673 1842 0 19:06 pts/0 00:00:00 grep postfix
修改配置文件实现postfix发送邮件
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/hosts 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 192.168.30.130 master sishen.cn 192.168.30.131 slave [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf mydomain = sishen.cn mynetworks = 192.168.30.0/24,127.0.0.0/8
重启postfix测试
[[email protected] ~]# service postfix restart Shutting down postfix: [ OK ] Starting postfix: [ OK ]
配置dovecot实现postfix的发送和接收
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf protocols = imap pop3 lmtp #取消前面的注释 login_trusted_networks = 0.0.0.0 #允许所有网络 login_trusted_networks = 192.168.30.0/24 #允许制定IP，两者选其一 [[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u #取消前面的注释，指定收件箱位置 mbox_write_locks = fcntl #默认开启，无需更改
修改.bash_profile文件
[[email protected] ~]# vim /etc/skel/.bash_profile # .bash_profile # Get the aliases and functions if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then . ~/.bashrc fi # User specific environment and startup programs PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin export PATH if [ ! -d ~/mail/.imap/INBOX ]; then mkdir -p ~/mail/.imap/INBOX fi
重启服务
[[email protected] ~]# service dovecot restart Stopping Dovecot Imap: [ OK ] Starting Dovecot Imap: [ OK ]
创建用户测试
[[email protected] ~]# useradd xueji [[email protected] ~]# echo "xueji:123456" | chpasswd #以下是三种发送邮件的方式
[[email protected] ~]$ mail -s "【xueji】" [email protected] < /etc/hosts #注意这里最好写成[email protected]，因为在实际测试过程中，虽然提示发送邮件成功，但实际上收件箱并没有邮件，可能是因为上述配置文件中写的是IP地址段的问题。（个人感觉） [[email protected] ~]$ echo "aa################bb" | mail -s "sishen" [email protected] < /etc/passwd [[email protected] ~]$ mail -s 'test-01' [email protected] #直接回车 11111111111111 # 输入正文 222222222222222 3333333333333333 # 这里想要结束必须回车换到新一行行首 EOT #然后Ctrl+d
查看邮件
[[email protected] ~]$ mail Heirloom Mail version 12.4 7/29/08. Type ? for help. "/var/spool/mail/xueji": 2 messages 1 unread 1 Mail Delivery System Thu May 24 04:25 74/2473 "Undelivered Mail Returne" >U 2 Mail Delivery System Thu May 24 04:27 74/2469 "Undelivered Mail Returne" & 2 Message 2: From MAILER-DAEMON Thu May 24 04:27:57 2018 Return-Path: <> X-Original-To: [email protected] Delivered-To: [email protected] Date: Thu, 24 May 2018 04:27:57 +0800 (CST) From: MAILER-[email protected] (Mail Delivery System) Subject: Undelivered Mail Returned to Sender To: [email protected] Auto-Submitted: auto-replied Content-Type: multipart/report; report-type=delivery-status; boundary="36CAFA06AC.1527107277/master.localdomain" Status: RO Part 1: Content-Description: Notification Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii This is the mail system at host master.localdomain. I'm sorry to have to inform you that your message could not be delivered to one or more recipients. It's attached below. For further assistance, please send mail to postmaster. If you do so, please include this problem report. You can delete your own text from the attached returned message. The mail system <[email protected]192.168.30.130>: bad address syntax Part 2: Content-Description: Delivery report Content-Type: message/delivery-status Part 3: Content-Description: Undelivered Message Content-Type: message/rfc822 From [email protected] Thu May 24 04:27:57 2018 Return-Path: <[email protected]> Date: Thu, 24 May 2018 04:27:57 +0800 To: [email protected]192.168.30.130 Subject: 【xueji】 User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.4 7/29/08 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii From: [email protected] 127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4 ::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6 192.168.30.130 sishen.cn