cobbler 自动化安装

cobbler 批量自动化安装

 

-- httpd dhcp tftp cobbler cobbler-web pykickstart 安装

Centos7镜像阿里云网址:http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/

 

[root@ald8 ~]# rpm -ivh http://mirrors.aliyun.com/epel/epel-release-latest-7.noarch.rpm

[root@ald8 ~]# yum -y install httpd dhcp tftp cobbler cobbler-web pykickstart  xinetd

[root@ald8 ~]# systemctl start cobblerd.service xinetd.service httpd.service

[root@ald8 ~]# systemctl enable cobblerd.service xinetd.service httpd.service

[root@ald8 conf.d]# cobbler check

The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:

 

1 : The 'server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than localhost, or kickstarting features will not work.  This should be a resolvable hostname or IP for the boot server as reachable by all machines that will use it.

2 : For PXE to be functional, the 'next_server' field in /etc/cobbler/settings must be set to something other than 127.0.0.1, and should match the IP of the boot server on the PXE network.

3 : change 'disable' to 'no' in /etc/xinetd.d/tftp

4 : Some network boot-loaders are missing from /var/lib/cobbler/loaders, you may run 'cobbler get-loaders' to download them, or, if you only want to handle x86/x86_64 netbooting, you may ensure that you have installed a *recent* version of the syslinux package installed and can ignore this message entirely.  Files in this directory, should you want to support all architectures, should include pxelinux.0, menu.c32, elilo.efi, and yaboot. The 'cobbler get-loaders' command is the easiest way to resolve these requirements.

5 : enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl

6 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories

7 : The default password used by the sample templates for newly installed machines (default_password_crypted in /etc/cobbler/settings) is still set to 'cobbler' and should be changed, try: "openssl passwd -1 -salt 'random-phrase-here' 'your-password-here'" to generate new one

8 : fencing tools were not found, and are required to use the (optional) power management features. install cman or fence-agents to use them

 

Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.

--cobbler 主要目录和配置文件

/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror   系统镜像存放位置

/var/www/cobbler/repo_mirror 安装包自定义仓库存放位置

/var/lib/cobbler  默认kickstart文件、启动相关文件、配置脚本等

/etc/cobbler 常用配置文件

--cobbler 修改配置

--1

[root@ald8 ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings

next_server: 192.168.10.10

server: 192.168.10.10

 

 

--2

[root@ald8 ~]# vim /etc/xinetd.d/tftp   //修改    disable         = yes (把disable 改成no)

no          = yes

 

--3

[root@ald8 ~]# systemctl start  rsyncd

[root@ald8 ~]# systemctl enable rsyncd

[root@ald8 ~]# cobbler get-loaders

 

--4

[root@ald8 ~]# openssl passwd -1 -salt 'cobler' 'cobler'

$1$cobler$XJnisBweZJlhL651HxAM00

[root@ald8 ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings

default_password_crypted: "$1$cobler$XJnisBweZJlhL651HxAM00."

[root@ald8 ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd.service

 

[root@ald8 ~]# cobbler check

The following are potential configuration items that you may want to fix:

 

1 : enable and start rsyncd.service with systemctl

2 : debmirror package is not installed, it will be required to manage debian deployments and repositories

 

Restart cobblerd and then run 'cobbler sync' to apply changes.

 

--cobbler dhcp设置

[root@ald8 ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings

manage_dhcp: 1

[root@ald8 ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template

subnet 192.168.10.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {

     option routers             192.168.10.2;

     option domain-name-servers 192.168.10.2;

     option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0;

     range dynamic-bootp        192.168.10.100 192.168.10.254;

[root@ald8 ~]# systemctl restart cobblerd.service

[root@ald8 ~]# cobbler sync

 

--cobbler 导入镜像、编辑镜像配置

[root@ald8 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt

[root@ald8 ~]# cobbler import --path=/mnt/ --name=Centos7.6 --arch=x86_64

[root@ald8 ~]# ls /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/

Centos7.6-x86_64  config

[root@ald8 ~]# cobbler profile        //显示常用命令

[root@ald8 ~]# cobbler profile list     //显示已导入的系统

   Centos7.6-x86_64

[root@ald8 ~]# cobbler profile report   //显示cobbler相关配置

[root@ald8~]# cobbler profile edit --name=Centos7.6-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/centos7.cfg  //修改kiskstart文件指向自定义文件

[root@ald8 kickstarts]# cobbler profile edit --name=Centos7.6-x86_64 --kopts='net.ifnames=0 biosdevname=0'

[root@ald8 kickstarts]# cobbler sync

[root@ald8 ~]# systemctl restart xinetd.service

 

--kickstarts 文件

#Kickstart Configurator for cobbler by by L.cf #platform=x86, AMD64, or Intel #System language lang en_US #System keyboard keyboard us #System timezone timezone Asia/Shanghai #Root password rootpw --iscrypted $default_password_crypted #Use text mode install text #Install OS instead of upgrade install #Use NFS installation Media url --url=$tree #System bootloader configuration bootloader --location=mbr #Clear the Master Boot Record zerombr #Partition clearing informtion clearpart --all --initlabel #Disk partitioning information   part /boot --fstype xfs --size 1024 --ondisk sda part swap --size 16384 --ondisk sda part / --fstype xfs --size 1 --grow --ondisk sda #System authorization infomation auth --useshadow --enablemd5 #Network information $SNIPPET('network_config') #Network --bootproto=dhcp --device=eml --onboot=on #Reboot after installation reboot #Firewall configuration firewall --disabled #Selinux configuration selinux --disabled #Do not configure XWindows skipx #Package install information %pre $SNIPPET('log_ks_pre') $SNIPPET('kickstart_start') $SNIPPET('pre_install_network_config') # Enable installation monitoring $SNIPPET('pre_anamon') %end   %packages @ base @ core sysstat iptraf ntp openssl-devel zlib-devel tree nmap bash-completion %end   %post systemctl disable postfix.service %end

 

 

--cobbler 安装

[root@ald8 kickstarts]# tail -f /var/log/messages

 

--cobbler 重装系统

//的要重装的主机上执行下面命令

[root@localhost tmp]# yum -y install koan-2.8.5-0.1.el7.noarch.rpm

[root@localhost tmp]# koan --server=192.168.10.10 --list=profiles

- looking for Cobbler at http://192.168.10.10:80/cobbler_api

Centos7.6-x86_64

[root@localhost tmp]# koan --replace-self --server=192.168.10.10 --profile=Centos7.6-x86_64

 

建议：装机请设置专有的装机vlan网段，防止影响其它网段环境

 

--cobbler web管理介面

访问网址：https://192.168.10.10/cobbler_web

默认账号密码都是：cobbler

 

修改密码方法如下:

登陆账号信息主要在

[root@ald8 cobbler]# cat users.conf     //用户配置信息

[root@ald8 cobbler]# cat users.digest     //登陆密码

[root@ald8 cobbler]# htdigest /etc/cobbler/users.digest "cobbler" cobbler   //修改用户密码

Adding user cobbler in realm cobbler

New password:

Re-type new password:

 

--cobbler 自动安装提示界面修改

[root@ald8 cobbler]#cat /etc/cobbler/pxe/pxedefault.template      //根据需求自定义修改

DEFAULT menu

PROMPT 0

MENU TITLE Cobbler | http://cobbler.github.io/

TIMEOUT 200

TOTALTIMEOUT 6000

ONTIMEOUT $pxe_timeout_profile

 

LABEL local

        MENU LABEL (local)

        MENU DEFAULT

        LOCALBOOT -1

 

$pxe_menu_items

 

MENU end

 

--cobbler yum 私有仓库

--从阿里云网上下载安装包

[root@ald8 ~]# cobbler repo add --name=openstack-kolla --mirror=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7/cloud/x86_64/openstack-rocky/ --arch=x86_64 --breed=yum

[root@ald8 ~]# cobbler reposync      //执行更新下载包

--系统安装时添加自定义yum源

[root@ald8 ~]# cobbler profile edit --name=Centos7.6-x86_64 --repos=openstack-kolla

[root@ald8 ~]# vim /etc/cobbler/settings （默认是1开启）

...

yum_post_install_mirror: 1

...

修改Kickstarts 文件要添加下面语句(或在已有的%post下添加$yum_config_stanza语句）

%post

$yum_config_stanza

%end

 

--cobbler 自动安装

1. 首先规划好要上线的主机的相关信息

如profile安装哪个操作系统、分区等、预分配的ip地址、主机名、子网、网关、dns、角色等

1. 例如：

主机名：linux-node1.ald8.com

MA地址：00:50:56:20:27:EE

Ip:192.168.10.160

Mask：255.255.255.0

Gateway：192.168.10.2

DNS：192.168.10.2

1. 设置安装

[root@ald8 ~]# cobbler system add --name=linux.node1.ald8.com --mac=00:50:56:20:27:EE --profile=Centos7.6-xCentos7.6-x86_64 --ip-address=192.168.10.60 --subnet=255.255.255.0 --gateway=192.168.10.2 --interface=eth0 --static=1 --hostname=linux.node1.ald8.com --name-servers="192.168.10.2" --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample_end.ks

开启那台00:50:56:20:27:EE的主机就会自动安装了