CentOS 7 qemu 创建虚拟机简单流程

CentOS 7 qemu 创建虚拟机简单流程

查看是否支持虚拟化

egrep -o \'(vmx|svm)\' /proc/cpuinfo

如果有显示则支持虚拟化，没有显示则不支持

 

安装qemu 和virt 系列软件包

yum install qemu-kvm qemu-img virt-manager libvirt virt-install virt-viewer 

qemu-kvm：qemu模拟器

qemu-img：qemu磁盘image管理器

virt-install：用来创建虚拟机的命令行工具

libvirt：提供libvirtd daemon来管理虚拟机和控制hypervisor

virt-viewer：图形控制台

 

如果安装失败更换yum源为阿里源

启动libvirt

service libvirtd start

启动virt 图形化管理界面，安装虚拟机

virt-manager 

　

 

使用iso镜像安装虚拟机，找到iso镜像的位置

 

分配内存和cpu 

  

分配磁盘 

 

 

开始安装

 

 

创建好的虚拟机的xml文件如下，可以作为一个虚拟机模板使用。如何使用xml创建虚拟机，请参考另一篇博客 制作openstack使用的window镜像

<domain type=\'qemu\' id=\'1\'>
  <name>centos7.0</name>
  <uuid>15e50a63-3bf4-4d53-a13a-ff0b4f45a8ca</uuid>
  <memory unit=\'KiB\'>1048576</memory>
  <currentMemory unit=\'KiB\'>1048576</currentMemory>
  <vcpu placement=\'static\'>1</vcpu>
  <resource>
    <partition>/machine</partition>
  </resource>
  <os>
    <type arch=\'x86_64\' machine=\'pc-i440fx-rhel7.0.0\'>hvm</type>
    <boot dev=\'cdrom\'/>
    <boot dev=\'hd\'/>
  </os>
  <features>
    <acpi/>
    <apic/>
  </features>
  <clock offset=\'utc\'>
    <timer name=\'rtc\' tickpolicy=\'catchup\'/>
    <timer name=\'pit\' tickpolicy=\'delay\'/>
    <timer name=\'hpet\' present=\'no\'/>
  </clock>
  <on_poweroff>destroy</on_poweroff>
  <on_reboot>destroy</on_reboot>
  <on_crash>destroy</on_crash>
  <pm>
    <suspend-to-mem enabled=\'no\'/>
    <suspend-to-disk enabled=\'no\'/>
  </pm>
  <devices>
    <emulator>/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm</emulator>
    <disk type=\'file\' device=\'disk\'>
      <driver name=\'qemu\' type=\'qcow2\'/>
      <source file=\'/var/lib/libvirt/images/centos7.0.qcow2\'/>
      <backingStore/>
      <target dev=\'vda\' bus=\'virtio\'/>
      <alias name=\'virtio-disk0\'/>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x07\' function=\'0x0\'/>
    </disk>
    <disk type=\'file\' device=\'cdrom\'>
      <driver name=\'qemu\' type=\'raw\'/>
      <source file=\'/home/openlab/openlab/CentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1908.iso\'/>
      <backingStore/>
      <target dev=\'hda\' bus=\'ide\'/>
      <readonly/>
      <alias name=\'ide0-0-0\'/>
      <address type=\'drive\' controller=\'0\' bus=\'0\' target=\'0\' unit=\'0\'/>
    </disk>
    <controller type=\'usb\' index=\'0\' model=\'ich9-ehci1\'>
      <alias name=\'usb\'/>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x05\' function=\'0x7\'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type=\'usb\' index=\'0\' model=\'ich9-uhci1\'>
      <alias name=\'usb\'/>
      <master startport=\'0\'/>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x05\' function=\'0x0\' multifunction=\'on\'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type=\'usb\' index=\'0\' model=\'ich9-uhci2\'>
      <alias name=\'usb\'/>
      <master startport=\'2\'/>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x05\' function=\'0x1\'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type=\'usb\' index=\'0\' model=\'ich9-uhci3\'>
      <alias name=\'usb\'/>
      <master startport=\'4\'/>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x05\' function=\'0x2\'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type=\'pci\' index=\'0\' model=\'pci-root\'>
      <alias name=\'pci.0\'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type=\'ide\' index=\'0\'>
      <alias name=\'ide\'/>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x01\' function=\'0x1\'/>
    </controller>
    <controller type=\'virtio-serial\' index=\'0\'>
      <alias name=\'virtio-serial0\'/>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x06\' function=\'0x0\'/>
    </controller>
    <interface type=\'network\'>
      <mac address=\'52:54:00:27:71:37\'/>
      <source network=\'default\' bridge=\'virbr0\'/>
      <target dev=\'vnet0\'/>
      <model type=\'virtio\'/>
      <alias name=\'net0\'/>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x03\' function=\'0x0\'/>
    </interface>
    <serial type=\'pty\'>
      <source path=\'/dev/pts/1\'/>
      <target type=\'isa-serial\' port=\'0\'>
        <model name=\'isa-serial\'/>
      </target>
      <alias name=\'serial0\'/>
    </serial>
    <console type=\'pty\' tty=\'/dev/pts/1\'>
      <source path=\'/dev/pts/1\'/>
      <target type=\'serial\' port=\'0\'/>
      <alias name=\'serial0\'/>
    </console>
    <channel type=\'unix\'>
      <source mode=\'bind\' path=\'/var/lib/libvirt/qemu/channel/target/domain-1-centos7.0/org.qemu.guest_agent.0\'/>
      <target type=\'virtio\' name=\'org.qemu.guest_agent.0\' state=\'disconnected\'/>
      <alias name=\'channel0\'/>
      <address type=\'virtio-serial\' controller=\'0\' bus=\'0\' port=\'1\'/>
    </channel>
    <channel type=\'spicevmc\'>
      <target type=\'virtio\' name=\'com.redhat.spice.0\' state=\'connected\'/>
      <alias name=\'channel1\'/>
      <address type=\'virtio-serial\' controller=\'0\' bus=\'0\' port=\'2\'/>
    </channel>
    <input type=\'tablet\' bus=\'usb\'>
      <alias name=\'input0\'/>
      <address type=\'usb\' bus=\'0\' port=\'1\'/>
    </input>
    <input type=\'mouse\' bus=\'ps2\'>
      <alias name=\'input1\'/>
    </input>
    <input type=\'keyboard\' bus=\'ps2\'>
      <alias name=\'input2\'/>
    </input>
    <graphics type=\'spice\' port=\'5900\' autoport=\'yes\' listen=\'127.0.0.1\'>
      <listen type=\'address\' address=\'127.0.0.1\'/>
      <image compression=\'off\'/>
    </graphics>
    <sound model=\'ich6\'>
      <alias name=\'sound0\'/>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x04\' function=\'0x0\'/>
    </sound>
    <video>
      <model type=\'qxl\' ram=\'65536\' vram=\'65536\' vgamem=\'16384\' heads=\'1\' primary=\'yes\'/>
      <alias name=\'video0\'/>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x02\' function=\'0x0\'/>
    </video>
    <redirdev bus=\'usb\' type=\'spicevmc\'>
      <alias name=\'redir0\'/>
      <address type=\'usb\' bus=\'0\' port=\'2\'/>
    </redirdev>
    <redirdev bus=\'usb\' type=\'spicevmc\'>
      <alias name=\'redir1\'/>
      <address type=\'usb\' bus=\'0\' port=\'3\'/>
    </redirdev>
    <memballoon model=\'virtio\'>
      <alias name=\'balloon0\'/>
      <address type=\'pci\' domain=\'0x0000\' bus=\'0x00\' slot=\'0x08\' function=\'0x0\'/>
    </memballoon>
  </devices>
  <seclabel type=\'dynamic\' model=\'dac\' relabel=\'yes\'>
    <label>+107:+107</label>
    <imagelabel>+107:+107</imagelabel>
  </seclabel>
</domain>