您可以尝试使用以下脚本检索 IPv4/IPv6 网络接口的信息。希望这会有所帮助。
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
from ctypes import *
from sys import platform
from socket import AF_INET, AF_INET6, inet_ntop
try:
from socket import AF_PACKET
except ImportError:
AF_PACKET = -1
if platform.startswith("darwin") or platform.startswith("freebsd"):
AF_LINK = 18
IFT_ETHER = 0x6
else:
AF_LINK = -1
IFT_ETHER = -1
def get_if_addresses():
"""
Retrieve all relevant information of IPv4/IPv6 network interfaces.
Based on http://pastebin.com/wxjai3Mw (Author unknown)
"""
# getifaddr structs
class ifa_ifu_u(Union):
_fields_ = [
("ifu_broadaddr", c_void_p),
("ifu_dstaddr", c_void_p)
]
class ifaddrs(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("ifa_next", c_void_p),
("ifa_name", c_char_p),
("ifa_flags", c_uint),
("ifa_addr", c_void_p),
("ifa_netmask", c_void_p),
("ifa_ifu", ifa_ifu_u),
("ifa_data", c_void_p)
]
# AF_UNKNOWN / generic
if platform.startswith("darwin") or platform.startswith("freebsd"):
class sockaddr(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("sa_len", c_uint8),
("sa_family", c_uint8),
("sa_data", (c_uint8 * 14))
]
else:
class sockaddr(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("sa_family", c_uint16),
("sa_data", (c_uint8 * 14))
]
# AF_INET / IPv4
class in_addr(Union):
_fields_ = [
("s_addr", c_uint32),
]
if platform.startswith("darwin") or platform.startswith("freebsd"):
class sockaddr_in(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("sin_len", c_uint8),
("sin_family", c_uint8),
("sin_port", c_ushort),
("sin_addr", in_addr),
("sin_zero", (c_char * 8)) # padding
]
else:
class sockaddr_in(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("sin_family", c_short),
("sin_port", c_ushort),
("sin_addr", in_addr),
("sin_zero", (c_char * 8)) # padding
]
# AF_INET6 / IPv6
class in6_u(Union):
_fields_ = [
("u6_addr8", (c_uint8 * 16)),
("u6_addr16", (c_uint16 * 8)),
("u6_addr32", (c_uint32 * 4))
]
class in6_addr(Union):
_fields_ = [
("in6_u", in6_u),
]
if platform.startswith("darwin") or platform.startswith("freebsd"):
class sockaddr_in6(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("sin6_len", c_uint8),
("sin6_family", c_uint8),
("sin6_port", c_ushort),
("sin6_flowinfo", c_uint32),
("sin6_addr", in6_addr),
("sin6_scope_id", c_uint32),
]
else:
class sockaddr_in6(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("sin6_family", c_short),
("sin6_port", c_ushort),
("sin6_flowinfo", c_uint32),
("sin6_addr", in6_addr),
("sin6_scope_id", c_uint32),
]
# AF_PACKET / Linux
class sockaddr_ll(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("sll_family", c_uint16),
("sll_protocol", c_uint16),
("sll_ifindex", c_uint32),
("sll_hatype", c_uint16),
("sll_pktype", c_uint8),
("sll_halen", c_uint8),
("sll_addr", (c_uint8 * 8))
]
# AF_LINK / BSD|OSX
class sockaddr_dl(Structure):
_fields_ = [
("sdl_len", c_uint8),
("sdl_family", c_uint8),
("sdl_index", c_uint16),
("sdl_type", c_uint8),
("sdl_nlen", c_uint8),
("sdl_alen", c_uint8),
("sdl_slen", c_uint8),
("sdl_data", (c_uint8 * 46))
]
if platform.startswith("darwin"):
libc = CDLL("libSystem.dylib")
elif platform.startswith("freebsd"):
libc = CDLL("libc.so")
else:
libc = CDLL("libc.so.6")
ptr = c_void_p(None)
result = libc.getifaddrs(pointer(ptr))
if result:
return None
ifa = ifaddrs.from_address(ptr.value)
result = []
while ifa:
# Python 2 gives us a string, Python 3 an array of bytes
if type(ifa.ifa_name) is str:
name = ifa.ifa_name
else:
name = ifa.ifa_name.decode()
if ifa.ifa_addr:
sa = sockaddr.from_address(ifa.ifa_addr)
data = {}
if sa.sa_family == AF_INET:
if ifa.ifa_addr is not None:
si = sockaddr_in.from_address(ifa.ifa_addr)
data['addr'] = inet_ntop(AF_INET, si.sin_addr)
if ifa.ifa_netmask is not None:
si = sockaddr_in.from_address(ifa.ifa_netmask)
data['netmask'] = inet_ntop(AF_INET, si.sin_addr)
# check if a valid broadcast address is set and retrieve it
# 0x2 == IFF_BROADCAST
if ifa.ifa_flags & 0x2:
si = sockaddr_in.from_address(ifa.ifa_ifu.ifu_broadaddr)
data['broadcast'] = inet_ntop(AF_INET, si.sin_addr)
if sa.sa_family == AF_INET6:
if ifa.ifa_addr is not None:
si = sockaddr_in6.from_address(ifa.ifa_addr)
data['addr'] = inet_ntop(AF_INET6, si.sin6_addr)
if data['addr'].startswith('fe80:'):
data['scope'] = si.sin6_scope_id
if ifa.ifa_netmask is not None:
si = sockaddr_in6.from_address(ifa.ifa_netmask)
data['netmask'] = inet_ntop(AF_INET6, si.sin6_addr)
if sa.sa_family == AF_PACKET:
if ifa.ifa_addr is not None:
si = sockaddr_ll.from_address(ifa.ifa_addr)
addr = ""
total = 0
for i in range(si.sll_halen):
total += si.sll_addr[i]
addr += "%02x:" % si.sll_addr[i]
addr = addr[:-1]
if total > 0:
data['addr'] = addr
if sa.sa_family == AF_LINK:
dl = sockaddr_dl.from_address(ifa.ifa_addr)
if dl.sdl_type == IFT_ETHER:
addr = ""
for i in range(dl.sdl_alen):
addr += "%02x:" % dl.sdl_data[dl.sdl_nlen + i]
addr = addr[:-1]
data['addr'] = addr
if len(data) > 0:
iface = {}
for interface in result:
if name in interface.keys():
iface = interface
break
if iface:
iface[name][sa.sa_family] = data
else:
iface[name] = { sa.sa_family : data }
result.append(iface)
if ifa.ifa_next:
ifa = ifaddrs.from_address(ifa.ifa_next)
else:
break
libc.freeifaddrs(ptr)
return result