ForkingPickler(file, protocol).dump(obj) TypeError: cannot pickle '_tkinter.tkapp' object

Question

下面是我的代码，我的函数从服务器接收数据块并将它们放入 FIFO 缓冲区，之后并行调用两个函数，

recvData() #继续从服务器接收数据块并放入FIFO缓冲区
calculate_threshold() #从 FIFO 缓冲区中取出数据块并进行一些计算，在 GUI 上实时显示，并将结果写入文件中

代码

import socket
import turtle
#import timeit
import queue
import multiprocessing
from tkinter import *

class GUI:

    def __init__(self, master):
        self.master = master
        master.title("Collision Detection")
    
        self.buff_data = queue.Queue()

        self.p1 = multiprocessing.Process(target = self.recvData)
        self.p1 = multiprocessing.Process(target=self.calculate_threshold)
    
        self.input_label = Label(root, text = "Input all the gratings set straight wavelength values in nm")
        self.input_label.grid(row = 0)
    
        self.core_string = "Core "
        self.entries = []

        self.label_col_inc = 0
        self.entry_col_inc = 1
        self.core_range = range(1, 5)

        for y in self.core_range:
            self.core_text = self.core_string + str(y) + '_' + '25'
            self.core_label = Label(root, text = self.core_text)
            self.entry = Entry(root)
            self.core_label.grid(row=1, column=self.label_col_inc, sticky=E)
            self.entry.grid(row=1, column=self.entry_col_inc)
            self.entries.append(self.entry)
            self.label_col_inc += 2
            self.entry_col_inc += 2
    
        self.threshold_label = Label(root, text = "Threshold in nm")
        self.entry_threshold = Entry(root)

        self.threshold_label.grid(row = 2, sticky = E)
        self.entry_threshold.grid(row = 2, column = 1)
    
        self.light_label = Label(root, text = 'Status')
        self.light_label.grid(row = 3, column = 3)

        self.canvas = Canvas(root, width = 150, height = 50)
        self.canvas.grid(row = 4, column = 3)
    
        # Green light
        self.green_light = turtle.RawTurtle(self.canvas)
        self.green_light.shape('circle')
        self.green_light.color('grey')
        self.green_light.penup()
        self.green_light.goto(0,0)

        # Red light
        self.red_light = turtle.RawTurtle(self.canvas)
        self.red_light.shape('circle')
        self.red_light.color('grey')
        self.red_light.penup()
        self.red_light.goto(40,0)
    
        self.data_button = Button(root, text = "Get data above threshold", command = self.getData)
        self.data_button.grid(row = 5, column = 0)


# function to receive TCP data blocks
    def getData(self):
        host = '127.0.0.1'
        port = 5000
        s = socket.socket()
        s.connect((host, port))

        len_message = s.recv(4)
        bytes_length = int(len_message.decode('utf-8'))  # for the self-made server
        recvd_data = s.recv(bytes_length)
        self.buff_data.put(recvd_data)
        self.p1.start()
        self.p2.start()

        self.p1.join()
        self.p2.join()

        
    def recvData(self):
        len_message = s.recv(4)
        while len_message:
            bytes_length = int(len_message.decode('utf-8'))  # for the self-made server
            recvd_data = s.recv(bytes_length)
            self.buff_data.put(recvd_data)
            len_message = s.recv(4)

        else:
            print('out of loop')
        s.close()


    def calculate_threshold(self):
        rmv_data = self.buff_data.get()
        stringdata = rmv_data.decode('utf-8')
        rep_str = stringdata.replace(",", ".")
        splitstr = rep_str.split()

        # received wavelength values
        inc = 34
        wav_threshold = []
        for y in self.entries:
            straight_wav = float(y.get())
            wav = float(splitstr[inc])
            wav_diff = wav - straight_wav
            if wav_diff < 0:
                wav_diff = wav_diff * (-1)
            wav_threshold.append(wav_diff)
            inc += 56

        threshold = float(self.entry_threshold.get())

        # writing into the file
        data = []
        inc1 = 0
        col1 = 2
        col2 = 6

        data.insert(0, (str(splitstr[0])))
        data.insert(1, (str(splitstr[1])))

        for x in wav_threshold:
            if (x > threshold):
                self.red_light.color('red')
                self.green_light.color('grey')
                data.insert(col1, (str(splitstr[34 + inc1])))
                data.insert(col2,(str(x)))
            else:
                self.red_light.color('grey')
                self.green_light.color('green')
                data.insert(col1,'-')
                data.insert(col2,'-')
            inc1 += 56
            col1 += 1
            col2 += 1

        self.write_file(data)



# function to write into the file
    def write_file(self,data):
        with open("Output.txt", "a") as text_file:
            text_file.write('\t'.join(data[0:]))
            text_file.write('\n')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    gui = GUI(root)
    root.mainloop()

但我收到以下错误：

Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1883, in __call__
    return self.func(*args)
  File "C:/Users/PycharmProjects/GUI/GUI_v4.py", line 88, in getData
    self.p1.start()
  File "C:\Users\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\multiprocessing\process.py", line 121, in start
    self._popen = self._Popen(self)
  File "C:\Users\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\multiprocessing\context.py", line 224, in _Popen
    return _default_context.get_context().Process._Popen(process_obj)
  File "C:\Users\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\multiprocessing\context.py", line 326, in _Popen
    return Popen(process_obj)
  File "C:\Users\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\multiprocessing\popen_spawn_win32.py", line 93, in __init__
    reduction.dump(process_obj, to_child)
  File "C:\Users\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\multiprocessing\reduction.py", line 60, in dump
    ForkingPickler(file, protocol).dump(obj)
TypeError: cannot pickle '_tkinter.tkapp' object
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<string>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\multiprocessing\spawn.py", line 116, in spawn_main
    exitcode = _main(fd, parent_sentinel)
  File "C:\Users\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\multiprocessing\spawn.py", line 126, in _main
    self = reduction.pickle.load(from_parent)
EOFError: Ran out of input

谁能告诉我这里到底哪里出错了？

Answer 1

错误告诉您不能对包含 tkinter 小部件的对象使用多处理。您正在尝试在单独的进程中使用 self.recvData。这需要对self 进行腌制，以便将其发送到其他进程。但是，python 不能这样做，因为它包含无法腌制的 tkinter 小部件。

您需要将在另一个进程中运行的代码移动到不包含任何 tkinter 小部件的单独类中。

Answer 2

创建新类后代码更改：

import socket
import turtle
# import timeit
import queue
import multiprocessing
from tkinter import *


class GUI:

    def __init__(self, master):
        self.master = master
        master.title("Collision Detection")

        self.input_label = Label(root, text="Input all the gratings set straight wavelength values in nm")
        self.input_label.grid(row=0)

        self.core_string = "Core "
        self.entries = []


        self.label_col_inc = 0
        self.entry_col_inc = 1
        self.core_range = range(1, 5)

        for y in self.core_range:
            self.core_text = self.core_string + str(y) + '_' + '25'
            self.core_label = Label(root, text=self.core_text)
            self.entry = Entry(root)
            self.core_label.grid(row=1, column=self.label_col_inc, sticky=E)
            self.entry.grid(row=1, column=self.entry_col_inc)
            self.entries.append(self.entry)
            self.label_col_inc += 2
            self.entry_col_inc += 2

        self.threshold_label = Label(root, text="Threshold in nm")
        self.entry_threshold = Entry(root)

        self.threshold_label.grid(row=2, sticky=E)
        self.entry_threshold.grid(row=2, column=1)

        self.light_label = Label(root, text='Status')
        self.light_label.grid(row=3, column=3)

        self.canvas = Canvas(root, width=150, height=50)
        self.canvas.grid(row=4, column=3)

        # Green light
        self.green_light = turtle.RawTurtle(self.canvas)
        self.green_light.shape('circle')
        self.green_light.color('grey')
        self.green_light.penup()
        self.green_light.goto(0, 0)

        # Red light
        self.red_light = turtle.RawTurtle(self.canvas)
        self.red_light.shape('circle')
        self.red_light.color('grey')
        self.red_light.penup()
        self.red_light.goto(40, 0)

        self.data_button = Button(root, text="Get data above threshold", command=recv_data.getData)
        self.data_button.grid(row=5, column=0)


class recv_data:
    def __init__(self):
        self.buff_data = queue.Queue()
        self.p1 = multiprocessing.Process(target=self.recvData)
        self.p1 = multiprocessing.Process(target=self.calculate_threshold)
        self.host = '127.0.0.1'
        self.port = 5002
        self.s = socket.socket()
        self.s.connect((self.host, self.port))

    # function to receive TCP data blocks
    def getData(self):
        len_message = self.s.recv(4)
        bytes_length = int(len_message.decode('utf-8'))  # for the self-made server
        recvd_data = self.s.recv(bytes_length)
        self.buff_data.put(recvd_data)
        self.p1.start()
        self.p2.start()

        self.p1.join()
        self.p2.join()

    def recvData(self):
        len_message = self.s.recv(4)
        while len_message:
            bytes_length = int(len_message.decode('utf-8'))  # for the self-made server
            recvd_data = self.s.recv(bytes_length)
            self.buff_data.put(recvd_data)
            len_message = self.s.recv(4)

        else:
            print('out of loop')
        self.s.close()

    def calculate_threshold(self):
        rmv_data = self.buff_data.get()
        stringdata = rmv_data.decode('utf-8')
        rep_str = stringdata.replace(",", ".")
        splitstr = rep_str.split()

        # received wavelength values
        inc = 34
        wav_threshold = []
        for y in gui.entries:
            straight_wav = float(y.get())
            wav = float(splitstr[inc])
            wav_diff = wav - straight_wav
            if wav_diff < 0:
                wav_diff = wav_diff * (-1)
            wav_threshold.append(wav_diff)
            inc += 56

        threshold = float(gui.entry_threshold.get())

        # writing into the file
        data = []
        inc1 = 0
        col1 = 2
        col2 = 6

        data.insert(0, (str(splitstr[0])))
        data.insert(1, (str(splitstr[1])))

        for x in wav_threshold:
            if (x > threshold):
                gui.red_light.color('red')
                gui.green_light.color('grey')
                data.insert(col1, (str(splitstr[34 + inc1])))
                data.insert(col2, (str(x)))
            else:
                gui.red_light.color('grey')
                gui.green_light.color('green')
                data.insert(col1, '-')
                data.insert(col2, '-')
            inc1 += 56
            col1 += 1
            col2 += 1

        self.write_file(data)

        # function to write into the file

    def write_file(self, data):
        with open("Output.txt", "a") as text_file:
            text_file.write('\t'.join(data[0:]))
            text_file.write('\n')

if __name__ == '__main__':
    root = Tk()
    gui1 = GUI(root)
    rec_data = recv_data()
    root.mainloop()

我得到的错误：

Exception in Tkinter callback
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "C:\Users\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python38-32\lib\tkinter\__init__.py", line 1883, in __call__
    return self.func(*args)
TypeError: getData() missing 1 required positional argument: 'self'