Appium：找不到元素，我错过了什么

Question

我是使用 Appium 自动化的初学者，我遇到了一个问题，我无法在下面的测试代码中找到一个元素，请帮助我了解我缺少什么。

Java

    public class Main {

    AndroidDriver driver = null;

    @Before
    public void main(){
        DesiredCapabilities cap = new DesiredCapabilities();
        cap.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME, "00757fccdb6fabc5");
        cap.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_NAME, "Android");
        cap.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.APP, "C:\\Users\\kswamina\\Desktop\\zApp1\\zApp1\\zApp1\\build\\outputs\\apk\\debug\\zApp1-debug.apk");

        try {
            driver = new AndroidDriver(new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"), cap);
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testClick(){
        if(driver != null){

            try {
                Thread.sleep(3000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            WebDriverWait wait0 = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);
            wait0.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(MobileBy.id("com.example.app1:id/tvKey"))).sendKeys("MMS");

            driver.findElement(By.id("com.example.app1:id/etName")).sendKeys("VPN");
            driver.findElement(By.id("com.example.app1:id/btnStore")).click();
            WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 2);
            WebElement result = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("com.example.app1:id/tvResult")));
            Assert.assertEquals(result.getText(), "Set data successfull");

        }
    }

}

我收到错误消息“预期条件失败：等待元素可见性”

作为一种解决方法，在应用程序启动后，如果我按下主页按钮->导航到应用程序列表->启动应用程序->我能够找到该元素并对其进行操作，如下所示。

解决代码

public class Main {

    AndroidDriver driver = null;

    @Before
    public void main(){
        DesiredCapabilities cap = new DesiredCapabilities();
        cap.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.DEVICE_NAME, "00757fccdb6fabc5");
        cap.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.PLATFORM_NAME, "Android");
        cap.setCapability(MobileCapabilityType.APP, "C:\\Users\\kswamina\\Desktop\\zApp1\\zApp1\\zApp1\\build\\outputs\\apk\\debug\\zApp1-debug.apk");

        try {
            driver = new AndroidDriver(new URL("http://127.0.0.1:4723/wd/hub"), cap);
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @Test
    public void testClick(){
        if(driver != null){

            try {
                Thread.sleep(3000);
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }

            driver.pressKey(new KeyEvent(AndroidKey.HOME));
            driver.findElementByAccessibilityId("Apps").click();
            driver.findElementByAccessibilityId("App1").click();

            WebDriverWait wait0 = new WebDriverWait(driver, 10);
            wait0.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(MobileBy.id("com.example.app1:id/tvKey"))).sendKeys("MMS");

            driver.findElement(By.id("com.example.app1:id/etName")).sendKeys("VPN");
            driver.findElement(By.id("com.example.app1:id/btnStore")).click();
            WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 2);
            WebElement result = wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("com.example.app1:id/tvResult")));
            Assert.assertEquals(result.getText(), "Set data successfull");

        }
    }

}

这只是一个示例测试代码，我只是想找出为什么我无法找到一个元素。提前致谢

Answer 1

您需要提供所需功能的 App 包和 App Activity。

例子：

cap.setCapability(“appPackage”, “com.android.app1”);

cap.setCapability(“appActivity”, “com.android.app1.MainActivity”);