UICollectionView，全宽单元格，允许自动布局动态高度？

Question

注意 2021 年！请参阅@Ely 对UICollectionLayoutListConfiguration 的回答！！！！

---

在垂直UICollectionView，

是否可以有全宽单元格，但允许动态高度由autolayout控制？

这让我觉得这可能是“iOS 中最重要的问题，但没有真正好的答案。”

---

重要：

请注意，在 99% 的情况下，要实现全宽单元格 + 自动布局动态高度，只需使用表格视图。就是这么简单。

---

那么你需要一个集合视图的例子是什么？

集合视图比表格视图强大得多。

一个简单的示例，您必须使用具有自动布局动态高度的集合视图：

如果您在集合视图中的两个布局之间动画。例如，在 1 到 2 列布局之间，当设备旋转时。

这是 iOS 中的常见习语。不幸的是，它只能通过解决此 QA 中提出的问题来实现。 :-/

Answer 1

1。 iOS 13+ 解决方案

使用 Swift 5.1 和 iOS 13，您可以使用 Compositional Layout objects 来解决您的问题。

以下完整的示例代码展示了如何在全角UICollectionViewCell 内显示多行UILabel：

CollectionViewController.swift

import UIKit

class CollectionViewController: UICollectionViewController {

    let items = [
        [
            "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.",
            "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.",
            "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.",
        ],
        [
            "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt.",
            "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.",
        ],
        [
            "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt.",
            "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.",
            "Lorem ipsum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.",
        ]
    ]

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        let size = NSCollectionLayoutSize(
            widthDimension: NSCollectionLayoutDimension.fractionalWidth(1),
            heightDimension: NSCollectionLayoutDimension.estimated(44)
        )
        let item = NSCollectionLayoutItem(layoutSize: size)
        let group = NSCollectionLayoutGroup.horizontal(layoutSize: size, subitem: item, count: 1)

        let section = NSCollectionLayoutSection(group: group)
        section.contentInsets = NSDirectionalEdgeInsets(top: 10, leading: 10, bottom: 10, trailing: 10)
        section.interGroupSpacing = 10

        let headerFooterSize = NSCollectionLayoutSize(
            widthDimension: .fractionalWidth(1.0),
            heightDimension: .absolute(40)
        )
        let sectionHeader = NSCollectionLayoutBoundarySupplementaryItem(
            layoutSize: headerFooterSize,
            elementKind: "SectionHeaderElementKind",
            alignment: .top
        )
        section.boundarySupplementaryItems = [sectionHeader]

        let layout = UICollectionViewCompositionalLayout(section: section)
        collectionView.collectionViewLayout = layout
        collectionView.register(CustomCell.self, forCellWithReuseIdentifier: "CustomCell")
        collectionView.register(HeaderView.self, forSupplementaryViewOfKind: UICollectionView.elementKindSectionHeader, withReuseIdentifier: "HeaderView")
    }

    override func numberOfSections(in collectionView: UICollectionView) -> Int {
        return items.count
    }

    override func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, numberOfItemsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        return items[section].count
    }

    override func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, cellForItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UICollectionViewCell {
        let cell = collectionView.dequeueReusableCell(withReuseIdentifier: "CustomCell", for: indexPath) as! CustomCell
        cell.label.text = items[indexPath.section][indexPath.row]
        return cell
    }

    override func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, viewForSupplementaryElementOfKind kind: String, at indexPath: IndexPath) -> UICollectionReusableView {
        let headerView = collectionView.dequeueReusableSupplementaryView(ofKind: UICollectionView.elementKindSectionHeader, withReuseIdentifier: "HeaderView", for: indexPath) as! HeaderView
        headerView.label.text = "Header"
        return headerView
    }

    override func viewWillTransition(to size: CGSize, with coordinator: UIViewControllerTransitionCoordinator) {
        super.viewWillTransition(to: size, with: coordinator)
        coordinator.animate(alongsideTransition: { context in
            self.collectionView.collectionViewLayout.invalidateLayout()
        }, completion: nil)
    }

}

HeaderView.swift

import UIKit

class HeaderView: UICollectionReusableView {

    let label = UILabel()

    override init(frame: CGRect) {
        super.init(frame: frame)
        backgroundColor = .magenta

        addSubview(label)
        label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        label.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: centerXAnchor).isActive = true
        label.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: centerYAnchor).isActive = true
    }

    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
    }

}

CustomCell.swift

import UIKit

class CustomCell: UICollectionViewCell {

    let label = UILabel()

    override init(frame: CGRect) {
        super.init(frame: frame)

        label.numberOfLines = 0
        backgroundColor = .orange
        contentView.addSubview(label)

        label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        label.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: contentView.topAnchor).isActive = true
        label.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: contentView.leadingAnchor).isActive = true
        label.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: contentView.trailingAnchor).isActive = true
        label.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: contentView.bottomAnchor).isActive = true
    }

    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
    }

}

预期显示：

---

2。 iOS 11+ 解决方案

在 Swift 5.1 和 iOS 11 中，您可以继承 UICollectionViewFlowLayout 并将其 estimatedItemSize 属性设置为 UICollectionViewFlowLayout.automaticSize（这告诉系统您要处理自动调整 UICollectionViewCells）。然后，您必须覆盖 layoutAttributesForElements(in:) 和 layoutAttributesForItem(at:) 才能设置单元格宽度。最后，您必须覆盖单元格的 preferredLayoutAttributesFitting(_:) 方法并计算其高度。

以下完整代码展示了如何在全宽UIcollectionViewCell 内显示多行UILabel（受UICollectionView 的安全区域和UICollectionViewFlowLayout 的插入限制）：

CollectionViewController.swift

import UIKit

class CollectionViewController: UICollectionViewController {

    let items = [
        [
            "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.",
            "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.",
            "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.",
        ],
        [
            "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt.",
            "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.",
        ],
        [
            "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt.",
            "Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua.",
            "Lorem ipsum. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris.",
        ]
    ]
    let customFlowLayout = CustomFlowLayout()

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        customFlowLayout.sectionInsetReference = .fromContentInset // .fromContentInset is default
        customFlowLayout.estimatedItemSize = UICollectionViewFlowLayout.automaticSize
        customFlowLayout.minimumInteritemSpacing = 10
        customFlowLayout.minimumLineSpacing = 10
        customFlowLayout.sectionInset = UIEdgeInsets(top: 10, left: 10, bottom: 10, right: 10)
        customFlowLayout.headerReferenceSize = CGSize(width: 0, height: 40)

        collectionView.collectionViewLayout = customFlowLayout
        collectionView.contentInsetAdjustmentBehavior = .always
        collectionView.register(CustomCell.self, forCellWithReuseIdentifier: "CustomCell")
        collectionView.register(HeaderView.self, forSupplementaryViewOfKind: UICollectionView.elementKindSectionHeader, withReuseIdentifier: "HeaderView")
    }

    override func numberOfSections(in collectionView: UICollectionView) -> Int {
        return items.count
    }

    override func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, numberOfItemsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        return items[section].count
    }

    override func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, cellForItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UICollectionViewCell {
        let cell = collectionView.dequeueReusableCell(withReuseIdentifier: "CustomCell", for: indexPath) as! CustomCell
        cell.label.text = items[indexPath.section][indexPath.row]
        return cell
    }

    override func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, viewForSupplementaryElementOfKind kind: String, at indexPath: IndexPath) -> UICollectionReusableView {
        let headerView = collectionView.dequeueReusableSupplementaryView(ofKind: UICollectionView.elementKindSectionHeader, withReuseIdentifier: "HeaderView", for: indexPath) as! HeaderView
        headerView.label.text = "Header"
        return headerView
    }

}

CustomFlowLayout.swift

import UIKit

final class CustomFlowLayout: UICollectionViewFlowLayout {

    override func layoutAttributesForElements(in rect: CGRect) -> [UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes]? {
        let layoutAttributesObjects = super.layoutAttributesForElements(in: rect)?.map{ $0.copy() } as? [UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes]
        layoutAttributesObjects?.forEach({ layoutAttributes in
            if layoutAttributes.representedElementCategory == .cell {
                if let newFrame = layoutAttributesForItem(at: layoutAttributes.indexPath)?.frame {
                    layoutAttributes.frame = newFrame
                }
            }
        })
        return layoutAttributesObjects
    }

    override func layoutAttributesForItem(at indexPath: IndexPath) -> UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes? {
        guard let collectionView = collectionView else {
            fatalError()
        }
        guard let layoutAttributes = super.layoutAttributesForItem(at: indexPath)?.copy() as? UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes else {
            return nil
        }

        layoutAttributes.frame.origin.x = sectionInset.left
        layoutAttributes.frame.size.width = collectionView.safeAreaLayoutGuide.layoutFrame.width - sectionInset.left - sectionInset.right
        return layoutAttributes
    }

}

HeaderView.swift

import UIKit

class HeaderView: UICollectionReusableView {

    let label = UILabel()

    override init(frame: CGRect) {
        super.init(frame: frame)
        backgroundColor = .magenta

        addSubview(label)
        label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        label.centerXAnchor.constraint(equalTo: centerXAnchor).isActive = true
        label.centerYAnchor.constraint(equalTo: centerYAnchor).isActive = true
    }

    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
    }

}

CustomCell.swift

import UIKit

class CustomCell: UICollectionViewCell {

    let label = UILabel()

    override init(frame: CGRect) {
        super.init(frame: frame)

        label.numberOfLines = 0
        backgroundColor = .orange
        contentView.addSubview(label)

        label.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
        label.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: contentView.topAnchor).isActive = true
        label.leadingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: contentView.leadingAnchor).isActive = true
        label.trailingAnchor.constraint(equalTo: contentView.trailingAnchor).isActive = true
        label.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: contentView.bottomAnchor).isActive = true
    }

    required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
        fatalError("init(coder:) has not been implemented")
    }

    override func preferredLayoutAttributesFitting(_ layoutAttributes: UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes) -> UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes {
        let layoutAttributes = super.preferredLayoutAttributesFitting(layoutAttributes)
        layoutIfNeeded()
        layoutAttributes.frame.size = systemLayoutSizeFitting(UIView.layoutFittingCompressedSize, withHorizontalFittingPriority: .required, verticalFittingPriority: .fittingSizeLevel)
        return layoutAttributes
    }

}

以下是preferredLayoutAttributesFitting(_:) 的一些替代实现：

override func preferredLayoutAttributesFitting(_ layoutAttributes: UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes) -> UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes {
    let targetSize = CGSize(width: layoutAttributes.frame.width, height: 0)
    layoutAttributes.frame.size = contentView.systemLayoutSizeFitting(targetSize, withHorizontalFittingPriority: .required, verticalFittingPriority: .fittingSizeLevel)
    return layoutAttributes
}

override func preferredLayoutAttributesFitting(_ layoutAttributes: UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes) -> UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes {
    label.preferredMaxLayoutWidth = layoutAttributes.frame.width
    layoutAttributes.frame.size.height = contentView.systemLayoutSizeFitting(UIView.layoutFittingCompressedSize).height
    return layoutAttributes
}

预期显示：

Answer 2

问题

您正在寻找自动高度，并且还想要全宽， 不可能同时使用UICollectionViewFlowLayoutAutomaticSize。

您想使用UICollectionView，所以以下是适合您的解决方案。

解决方案

Step-I：计算Cell的预期高度

1.如果您在CollectionViewCell 中只有UILabel 而不是设置numberOfLines=0 并且计算出UIlable 的预期高度，则传递所有三个参数

func heightForLable(text:String, font:UIFont, width:CGFloat) -> CGFloat {
    // pass string, font, LableWidth  
    let label:UILabel = UILabel(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: width, height: CGFloat.greatestFiniteMagnitude))
     label.numberOfLines = 0
     label.lineBreakMode = NSLineBreakMode.byWordWrapping
     label.font = font
     label.text = text
     label.sizeToFit()

     return label.frame.height
}

2.如果您的CollectionViewCell 仅包含UIImageView，并且如果它应该是动态的，那么您需要获得UIImage 的高度（您的@987654331 @ 必须有 AspectRatio 约束）

// this will give you the height of your Image
let heightInPoints = image.size.height
let heightInPixels = heightInPoints * image.scale

3.如果它包含两者，则计算它们的高度并将它们加在一起。

STEP-II：返回CollectionViewCell的大小

1.在你的viewController中添加UICollectionViewDelegateFlowLayout委托

2.实现委托方法

func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, layout collectionViewLayout: UICollectionViewLayout, sizeForItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> CGSize {

    // This is just for example, for the scenario Step-I -> 1 
    let yourWidthOfLable=self.view.size.width
    let font = UIFont(name: "Helvetica", size: 20.0)

    var expectedHeight = heightForLable(array[indePath.row], font: font, width:yourWidthOfLable)


    return CGSize(width: view.frame.width, height: expectedHeight)
}

希望对你有所帮助。

Answer 3

有几种方法可以解决这个问题。

一种方法是您可以给集合视图流布局一个估计大小并使用systemLayoutSizeFitting 来计算单元格大小。

注意：如下面的 cmets 中所述，从 iOS 10 开始，您不再需要提供估计大小来触发对单元格上的func preferredLayoutAttributesFitting(_ layoutAttributes:) 的调用。如果您希望调用 preferredLayoutAttributes，以前 (iOS 9) 会要求您提供估计大小。

（假设您使用的是故事板并且集合视图通过 IB 连接）

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    let layout = collectionView.collectionViewLayout as? UICollectionViewFlowLayout
    layout?.estimatedItemSize = CGSize(width: 375, height: 200) // your average cell size
}

对于简单的单元格，通常就足够了。如果大小仍然不正确，您可以在集合视图单元格中覆盖func preferredLayoutAttributesFitting(_ layoutAttributes: UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes) -> UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes，这将使您能够更精细地控制单元格大小。 注意：您仍然需要为流布局提供估计大小。

然后覆盖func preferredLayoutAttributesFitting(_ layoutAttributes: UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes) -> UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes 以返回正确的大小。

override func preferredLayoutAttributesFitting(_ layoutAttributes: UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes) -> UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes {
    let autoLayoutAttributes = super.preferredLayoutAttributesFitting(layoutAttributes)
    let targetSize = CGSize(width: layoutAttributes.frame.width, height: 0)
    let autoLayoutSize = contentView.systemLayoutSizeFitting(targetSize, withHorizontalFittingPriority: UILayoutPriorityRequired, verticalFittingPriority: UILayoutPriorityDefaultLow)
    let autoLayoutFrame = CGRect(origin: autoLayoutAttributes.frame.origin, size: autoLayoutSize)
    autoLayoutAttributes.frame = autoLayoutFrame
    return autoLayoutAttributes
}

或者，您可以使用大小调整单元格来计算UICollectionViewDelegateFlowLayout 中单元格的大小。如果您使用此方法，请考虑缓存大小以提高性能。

func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, layout collectionViewLayout: UICollectionViewLayout, sizeForItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> CGSize {
    let width = collectionView.frame.width
    let size = CGSize(width: width, height: 0)
    // assuming your collection view cell is a nib
    // you may also instantiate an instance of your cell if it doesn't use a Nib
    // let sizingCell = MyCollectionViewCell()
    let sizingCell = UINib(nibName: "yourNibName", bundle: nil).instantiate(withOwner: nil, options: nil).first as! YourCollectionViewCell
    sizingCell.autoresizingMask = [.flexibleWidth, .flexibleHeight]
    sizingCell.frame.size = size
    sizingCell.configure(with: object[indexPath.row]) // what ever method configures your cell
    return sizingCell.contentView.systemLayoutSizeFitting(size, withHorizontalFittingPriority: UILayoutPriorityRequired, verticalFittingPriority: UILayoutPriorityDefaultLow)
}

虽然这些不是完美的生产就绪示例，但它们应该可以帮助您朝着正确的方向开始。我不能说这是最佳实践，但这对我有用，即使包含多个标签的相当复杂的单元格，可能会或可能不会换行。

Answer 4

我为这个问题找到了一个非常简单的解决方案：在我的 CollectionViewCell 中，我得到了一个 UIView()，它实际上只是一个背景。为了获得全宽，我只需设置以下锚

bgView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: UIScreen.main.bounds.size.width - 30).isActive = true // 30 is my added up left and right Inset
bgView.topAnchor.constraint(equalTo: topAnchor).isActive = true
bgView.leftAnchor.constraint(equalTo: leftAnchor).isActive = true
bgView.rightAnchor.constraint(equalTo: rightAnchor).isActive = true
bgView.bottomAnchor.constraint(equalTo: bottomAnchor).isActive = true

“魔法”发生在第一行。我将 widthAnchor 动态设置为屏幕的宽度。同样重要的是减去 CollectionView 的插图。否则单元格将不会显示。 如果你不想有这样的背景视图，就让它不可见。

FlowLayout 使用以下设置

layout.itemSize = UICollectionViewFlowLayoutAutomaticSize
layout.estimatedItemSize = UICollectionViewFlowLayoutAutomaticSize

结果是具有动态高度的全宽大小的单元格。

Answer 5

工作！！！在 IOS：12.1 Swift 4.1 上测试

我有一个非常简单的解决方案，它可以在不破坏约束的情况下工作。

我的 ViewControllerClass

class ViewController: UIViewController {

    @IBOutlet weak var collectionView: UICollectionView!

    let cellId = "CustomCell"

    var source = ["nomu", "when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting, remaining essentially unchanged. ", "t is a long established fact that a reader will be distracted by the readable content of a page when looking at its layout. The point of using Lorem Ipsum is that it has a more-or-less normal distribution of letters, as opposed to using 'Content here, content here', making it look like readable English. Many desktop publishing packages and web page editors now use Lorem Ipsum as their default model text, and a search for 'lorem ipsum' will uncover many web sites still in their infancy. Various versions have evolved over the years, sometimes by", "Contrary to popular belief, Lorem Ipsum is not simply random text. It has roots in a piece of classical Latin literature from 45 BC, making it over 2000 years old. Richard McClintock, a Latin professor at Hampden-Sydney College in Virginia,","nomu", "when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting, remaining essentially unchanged. ", "t is a long established fact that a reader will be distracted by the readable content of a page when looking at its layout. The point of using Lorem Ipsum is that it has a more-or-less normal distribution of letters, as opposed to using 'Content here, content here', making it look like readable English. Many desktop publishing packages and web page editors now use Lorem Ipsum as their default model text, and a search for 'lorem ipsum' will uncover many web sites still in their infancy. Various versions have evolved over the years, sometimes by", "Contrary to popular belief, Lorem Ipsum is not simply random text. It has roots in a piece of classical Latin literature from 45 BC, making it over 2000 years old. Richard McClintock, a Latin professor at Hampden-Sydney College in Virginia,","nomu", "when an unknown printer took a galley of type and scrambled it to make a type specimen book. It has survived not only five centuries, but also the leap into electronic typesetting, remaining essentially unchanged. ", "t is a long established fact that a reader will be distracted by the readable content of a page when looking at its layout. The point of using Lorem Ipsum is that it has a more-or-less normal distribution of letters, as opposed to using 'Content here, content here', making it look like readable English. Many desktop publishing packages and web page editors now use Lorem Ipsum as their default model text, and a search for 'lorem ipsum' will uncover many web sites still in their infancy. Various versions have evolved over the years, sometimes by", "Contrary to popular belief, Lorem Ipsum is not simply random text. It has roots in a piece of classical Latin literature from 45 BC, making it over 2000 years old. Richard McClintock, a Latin professor at Hampden-Sydney College in Virginia,"]

    override func viewDidLoad() {
        super.viewDidLoad()

        self.collectionView.delegate = self
        self.collectionView.dataSource = self
        self.collectionView.register(UINib.init(nibName: cellId, bundle: nil), forCellWithReuseIdentifier: cellId)

        if let flowLayout = collectionView.collectionViewLayout as? UICollectionViewFlowLayout {
            flowLayout.estimatedItemSize = UICollectionViewFlowLayout.automaticSize
        }

    }

}


extension ViewController: UICollectionViewDelegate, UICollectionViewDataSource {

    func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, numberOfItemsInSection section: Int) -> Int {
        return self.source.count
    }

    func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, cellForItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UICollectionViewCell {
        guard let cell = collectionView.dequeueReusableCell(withReuseIdentifier: cellId, for: indexPath) as? CustomCell else { return UICollectionViewCell() }
        cell.setData(data: source[indexPath.item])
        return cell
    }


}

CustomCell 类：

class CustomCell: UICollectionViewCell {

    @IBOutlet weak var label: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var widthConstraint: NSLayoutConstraint!

    override func awakeFromNib() {
        super.awakeFromNib()
        self.widthConstraint.constant = UIScreen.main.bounds.width
    }

    func setData(data: String) {
        self.label.text = data
    }

    override func systemLayoutSizeFitting(_ targetSize: CGSize, withHorizontalFittingPriority horizontalFittingPriority: UILayoutPriority, verticalFittingPriority: UILayoutPriority) -> CGSize {
        return contentView.systemLayoutSizeFitting(CGSize(width: self.bounds.size.width, height: 1))
    }

}

主要成分是 Customcell 中的 systemLayoutSizeFitting 函数。而且我们还必须在 Cell 内设置视图的宽度，并带有约束。

Answer 6

1. 设置你的流布局的estimatedItemSize：

   collectionViewLayout.estimatedItemSize = UICollectionViewFlowLayoutAutomaticSize
   

2. 在单元格中定义一个宽度约束，并将其设置为等于superview的宽度：

   class CollectionViewCell: UICollectionViewCell {
       private var widthConstraint: NSLayoutConstraint?
   
       ...
   
       override init(frame: CGRect) {
           ...
           // Create width constraint to set it later.
           widthConstraint = contentView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: 0)
       }
   
       override func updateConstraints() {
           // Set width constraint to superview's width.
           widthConstraint?.constant = superview?.bounds.width ?? 0
           widthConstraint?.isActive = true
           super.updateConstraints()
       }
   
       ...
   }
   

Full example

在 iOS 11 上测试。

Answer 7

您必须为 CollectionViewCell 添加宽度约束

class SelfSizingCell: UICollectionViewCell {

  override func awakeFromNib() {
      super.awakeFromNib()
      contentView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
      contentView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: UIScreen.main.bounds.width).isActive = true
  }
}

Answer 8

如果您使用的是 iOS 14 或更新版本，那么您可以使用UICollectionLayoutListConfiguration API，它可以将UICollectionView 用作单列表格视图，包括水平滑动等功能上下文菜单和自动高度单元格。

var collectionView: UICollectionView! = nil

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()

    let config = UICollectionLayoutListConfiguration(appearance: .plain)
    let layout = UICollectionViewCompositionalLayout.list(using: config)
    collectionView = UICollectionView(frame: view.bounds, collectionViewLayout: layout)
    collectionView.autoresizingMask = [.flexibleWidth, .flexibleHeight]
    view.addSubview(collectionView)
}

有关如何配置单元格和数据源的更多信息（包括示例项目）可以在 Apple 的这篇文章中找到：Implementing Modern Collection Views，尤其是以创建简单列表布局开头的部分>.

示例项目包含一个名为 ConferenceNewsFeedViewController 的控制器，它展示了如何根据自动布局配置自动高度单元格。

Answer 9

就我个人而言，我发现拥有一个 UICollectionView 的最佳方法是在使用实际 Cell 来测量大小的同时实现 UICollectionViewDelegateFlowLayout sizeForItemAtIndexPath 函数，其中 AutoLayout 确定大小而每个 Cell 可以具有不同的大小。

我在 my blog posts

中谈到了这一点

希望这篇文章能帮助你实现你想要的。我不是 100% 确定，但我相信与 UITableView 不同，您实际上可以通过结合使用 AutoLayout 来获得全自动的单元格高度

tableView.rowHeight = UITableViewAutomaticDimension
tableView.estimatedRowHeight = 44

UICollectionView 没有这种让 AutoLayout 确定大小的方式，因为 UICollectionViewCell 不一定会填满屏幕的整个宽度。

但这里有个问题：如果您需要全屏宽度的单元格，为什么还要使用 UICollectionView 而不是使用自动调整单元格大小的旧 UITableView？

Answer 10

根据我对 Eric 回答的评论，我的解决方案与他的非常相似，但我必须在 preferredSizeFor... 中添加一个约束以约束到固定尺寸。

    override func systemLayoutSizeFitting(
        _ targetSize: CGSize, withHorizontalFittingPriority
        horizontalFittingPriority: UILayoutPriority,
        verticalFittingPriority: UILayoutPriority) -> CGSize {

        width.constant = targetSize.width

        let size = contentView.systemLayoutSizeFitting(
            CGSize(width: targetSize.width, height: 1),
            withHorizontalFittingPriority: .required,
            verticalFittingPriority: verticalFittingPriority)

        print("\(#function) \(#line) \(targetSize) -> \(size)")
        return size
    }

这个问题有很多重复，I answered it in detail here， 并提供了working sample app here.

Answer 11

不确定这是否是一个“非常好的答案”，但这是我用来完成此任务的。我的流布局是水平的，我正在尝试使用自动布局调整宽度，所以它与您的情况相似。

extension PhotoAlbumVC: UICollectionViewDelegateFlowLayout {
  func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, layout collectionViewLayout: UICollectionViewLayout, sizeForItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> CGSize {
    // My height is static, but it could use the screen size if you wanted
    return CGSize(width: collectionView.frame.width - sectionInsets.left - sectionInsets.right, height: 60) 
  }
}

然后在自动布局约束被修改的视图控制器中，我触发了一个 NSNotification。

NotificationCenter.default.post(name: NSNotification.Name("constraintMoved"), object: self, userInfo: nil)

在我的 UICollectionView 子类中，我监听该通知：

// viewDidLoad
NotificationCenter.default.addObserver(self, selector: #selector(handleConstraintNotification(notification:)), name: NSNotification.Name("constraintMoved"), object: nil)

并使布局无效：

func handleConstraintNotification(notification: Notification) {
    self.collectionView?.collectionViewLayout.invalidateLayout()
}

这会导致使用集合视图的新大小再次调用sizeForItemAt。在您的情况下，它应该能够根据布局中可用的新约束进行更新。

Answer 12

在您的viewDidLayoutSubviews 上，将estimatedItemSize 设置为全宽（布局指的是 UICollectionViewFlowLayout 对象）：

func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, layout collectionViewLayout: UICollectionViewLayout, referenceSizeForHeaderInSection section: Int) -> CGSize {
    return CGSize(width: collectionView.bounds.size.width, height: 120)
}

在您的单元格上，确保您的约束同时触及单元格的顶部和底部（以下代码使用制图来简化设置约束，但您可以根据需要使用 NSLayoutConstraint 或 IB 来完成）：

constrain(self, nameLabel, valueLabel) { view, name, value in
        name.top == view.top + 10
        name.left == view.left
        name.bottom == view.bottom - 10
        value.right == view.right
        value.centerY == view.centerY
    }

瞧，你的细胞现在会自动长高！

Answer 13

AutoLayout 可用于在 CollectionView 中自动调整单元格大小，只需两个简单的步骤：

1. 启用动态单元格大小调整

flowLayout.estimatedItemSize = UICollectionViewFlowLayout.automaticSize

1. 拥有一个容器视图，并从collectionView(:cellForItemAt:)设置containerView.widthAnchor.constraint，将contentView的宽度限制为collectionView的宽度。

class ViewController: UIViewController, UICollectionViewDataSource {
    ...

    func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, cellForItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UICollectionViewCell {
        let cell = collectionView.dequeueReusableCell(withReuseIdentifier: "cellId", for: indexPath) as! MultiLineCell
        cell.textView.text = dummyTextMessages[indexPath.row]
        cell.maxWidth = collectionView.frame.width
        return cell
    }

    ...
}

class MultiLineCell: UICollectionViewCell{
    ....

    var maxWidth: CGFloat? {
        didSet {
            guard let maxWidth = maxWidth else {
                return
            }
            containerViewWidthAnchor.constant = maxWidth
            containerViewWidthAnchor.isActive = true
        }
    }

    ....
}

这样你就会得到想要的结果。 完整代码参考以下要点：

• SelfSizingCollectionViewCellDemo+UILabel.swift
• SelfSizingCollectionViewCellDemo+UITextView.swift

参考/致谢：

• V8tr 的博文 - Collection View Cells Self-Sizing: Step by Step Tutorial
• Another stackoverflow answer

截图：

Answer 14

我还遇到了动态单元格的高度问题，可以使用自动布局和手动高度计算来解决这个问题。无需使用估计大小、实例化或创建单元格。

此解决方案还提供多行标签的处理。它基于计算单元格中所有子视图的子视图高度。

extension CollectionViewController: UICollectionViewDelegateFlowLayout {
    func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView,
                        layout collectionViewLayout: UICollectionViewLayout,
                        sizeForItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> CGSize {
        let contentHorizontalSpaces = collectionLayout.minimumInteritemSpacing
            + collectionLayout.sectionInset.left
            + collectionLayout.sectionInset.right
        let newCellWidth = (collectionView.bounds.width - contentHorizontalSpaces) / 2
        let newHeight = Cell.getProductHeightForWidth(props: data[indexPath.row], width: newCellWidth)
        return CGSize(width: newCellWidth, height: newHeight)
    }
}

UICollectionViewDelegateFlowLayout 使用getProductHeightForWidth 方法计算的单元格大小：

extension Cell {

    class func getProductHeightForWidth(props: Props, width: CGFloat) -> CGFloat {
        // magic numbers explanation:
        // 16 - offset between image and price
        // 22 - height of price
        // 8 - offset between price and title
        var resultingHeight: CGFloat = 16 + 22 + 8
        // get image height based on width and aspect ratio
        let imageHeight = width * 2 / 3
        resultingHeight += imageHeight

        let titleHeight = props.title.getHeight(

            font: .systemFont(ofSize: 12), width: width
        )
        resultingHeight += titleHeight

        return resultingHeight
    }
}

我在这里创建了一个故事：https://volodymyrrykhva.medium.com/uicollectionview-cells-with-dynamic-height-using-autolayout-a4e346b7bd2a

解决方案的完整代码在 GitHub 上：https://github.com/ascentman/DynamicHeightCells

Answer 15

对于具有动态高度的单元格，我已经看到了许多复杂的答案。然而，经过几次谷歌搜索后，我找到了这个简单的答案。

collectionView.delegate = self
collectionView.dataSource = self
collectionView.register(UINib(nibName: "LabelOnlyCell", bundle: nil), forCellWithReuseIdentifier: "LabelOnlyCell")
if let collectionViewLayout = collectionView.collectionViewLayout as? UICollectionViewFlowLayout {
   collectionViewLayout.estimatedItemSize = UICollectionViewFlowLayout.automaticSize
}

重要部分

collectionViewLayout.estimatedItemSize = UICollectionViewFlowLayout.automaticSize

LabelOnlyCell类供参考

class LabelOnlyCell: UICollectionViewCell {

@IBOutlet weak var labelHeading: UILabel!
@IBOutlet weak var parentView: UIView!


override func awakeFromNib() {
    super.awakeFromNib()
    // Initialization code
    
    self.parentView.translatesAutoresizingMaskIntoConstraints = false
    self.parentView.widthAnchor.constraint(equalToConstant: UIScreen.main.bounds.width).isActive = true
}

}

截图供参考。

Answer 16

没有一个解决方案对我有用，因为我需要动态宽度来适应 iPhone 的宽度。

    class CustomLayoutFlow: UICollectionViewFlowLayout {
        override init() {
            super.init()
            minimumInteritemSpacing = 1 ; minimumLineSpacing = 1 ; scrollDirection = .horizontal
        }

        required init?(coder aDecoder: NSCoder) {
            super.init(coder: aDecoder)
            minimumInteritemSpacing = 1 ; minimumLineSpacing = 1 ; scrollDirection = .horizontal
        }

        override var itemSize: CGSize {
            set { }
            get {
                let width = (self.collectionView?.frame.width)!
                let height = (self.collectionView?.frame.height)!
                return CGSize(width: width, height: height)
            }
        }
    }

    class TextCollectionViewCell: UICollectionViewCell {
        @IBOutlet weak var textView: UITextView!

        override func prepareForReuse() {
            super.prepareForReuse()
        }
    }




    class IntroViewController: UIViewController, UITextViewDelegate, UICollectionViewDataSource, UICollectionViewDelegate, UINavigationControllerDelegate {
        @IBOutlet weak var collectionViewTopDistanceConstraint: NSLayoutConstraint!
        @IBOutlet weak var collectionViewTopDistanceConstraint: NSLayoutConstraint!
        @IBOutlet weak var collectionView: UICollectionView!
        var collectionViewLayout: CustomLayoutFlow!

        override func viewDidLoad() {
            super.viewDidLoad()

            self.collectionViewLayout = CustomLayoutFlow()
            self.collectionView.collectionViewLayout = self.collectionViewLayout
        }

        override func viewWillLayoutSubviews() {
            self.collectionViewTopDistanceConstraint.constant = UIScreen.main.bounds.height > 736 ? 94 : 70

            self.view.layoutIfNeeded()
        }
    }

Answer 17

从 iOS 10 开始，我们有了关于流布局的新 API。

您所要做的就是将您的flowLayout.estimatedItemSize 设置为一个新常量UICollectionViewFlowLayoutAutomaticSize。

Source

Answer 18

我关注this answer，简单，达到目的。另外，与selected answer 不同，它让我可以调整 iPad 的视图。

但是我希望单元格的宽度根据设备宽度而变化，所以我没有添加宽度约束，并将preferredLayoutAttributesFitting方法调整为这样：

override func preferredLayoutAttributesFitting(_ layoutAttributes: UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes) -> UICollectionViewLayoutAttributes {
    let targetSize = CGSize(width: UIScreen.main.bounds.size.width / ((UIDevice.current.userInterfaceIdiom == .phone) ? 1 : 2), height: 0);
    layoutAttributes.frame.size = contentView.systemLayoutSizeFitting(targetSize, withHorizontalFittingPriority: .required, verticalFittingPriority: .fittingSizeLevel);
    
    return layoutAttributes;
}

Answer 19

我的解决方案来自https://www.advancedswift.com/autosizing-full-width-cells/

在您的自定义单元类中添加以下内容：

class MyCustomCell: UICollectionViewCell {

    ...

    override func systemLayoutSizeFitting(_ targetSize: CGSize, withHorizontalFittingPriority horizontalFittingPriority: UILayoutPriority, verticalFittingPriority: UILayoutPriority) -> CGSize {
            
            var targetSize = targetSize
            targetSize.height = CGFloat.greatestFiniteMagnitude
            
            let size = super.systemLayoutSizeFitting(targetSize, withHorizontalFittingPriority: .required, verticalFittingPriority: .fittingSizeLevel)
            
            return size
       } 
}

在包含您的 Collection View 的 ViewController 的 ViewDidLoad 中包含以下内容：

override func viewDidLoad() {
    super.viewDidLoad()
    
    ...

    let cellWidth = 200 // whatever your cell width is
    
    let layout = myCustomCollectionView.collectionViewLayout
        if let flowLayout = layout as? UICollectionViewFlowLayout {
            flowLayout.estimatedItemSize = CGSize(
                width: cellWidth,
                height: 200 //an estimated height, but this will change when the cell is created
            )
      }
}

这是我找到的最简单/最短的解决方案。

Answer 20

您必须在您的 collectionViewController 上继承 UICollectionViewDelegateFlowLayout 类。然后添加函数：

func collectionView(_ collectionView: UICollectionView, layout collectionViewLayout: UICollectionViewLayout, sizeForItemAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> CGSize {
    return CGSize(width: view.frame.width, height: 100)
}

使用它，您可以获得屏幕宽度的宽度大小。

你现在有了一个collectionViewController，其中行作为tableViewController。

如果您希望每个单元格的高度大小是动态的，也许您应该为您需要的每个单元格创建自定义单元格。