WHERE 子句中的columns 转换、转换或转换为表达式(即“NVL”、“COALESCE”等)时的最大缺陷之一 是 CBO 将无法在该列上使用索引。我稍微修改了您的示例以显示差异:
SQL> create table t_test as
2 select * from all_objects;
Table created
SQL> create index T_TEST_INDX1 on T_TEST(CREATED, LAST_DDL_TIME);
Index created
为我们的实验创建表和索引。
SQL> execute dbms_stats.set_table_stats(ownname => 'SCOTT',
tabname => 'T_TEST',
numrows => 100000,
numblks => 10000);
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed
我们让 CBO 认为我们的桌子有点大。
SQL> explain plan for
2 select *
3 from t_test tt
4 where tt.owner = 'SCOTT'
5 and to_char(tt.last_ddl_time, 'yyyyMMdd') >= '20130101'
6 and to_char(tt.created, 'yyyyMMdd') <= '20121231';
Explained
SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display);
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 2796558804
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 3 | 300 | 2713 (1)| 00:00:33 |
|* 1 | TABLE ACCESS FULL| T_TEST | 3 | 300 | 2713 (1)| 00:00:33 |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
使用全表扫描,这在大表上成本很高。
SQL> explain plan for
2 select *
3 from t_test tt
4 where tt.owner = 'SCOTT'
5 and tt.last_ddl_time >= to_date('20130101', 'yyyyMMdd')
6 and tt.created <= to_date('20121231', 'yyyyMMdd');
Explained
SQL> select * from table(dbms_xplan.display);
PLAN_TABLE_OUTPUT
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1868991173
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 3 | 300 | 4 (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 1 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| T_TEST | 3 | 300 | 4 (0)| 00:00:01 |
|* 2 | INDEX RANGE SCAN | T_TEST_INDX1 | 8 | | 3 (0)| 00:00:01 |
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
看,现在是索引范围扫描,成本明显降低。
SQL> drop table t_test;
Table dropped
终于打扫了。