如何解决：org.hibernate.HibernateException: createCriteria is not valid without active transaction

Question

我正在学习 Spring 4.0 + Hibernate 4.3 的集成，我对这两种技术都很陌生。在解决之前的问题后，我遇到了错误。请任何人指导我成功完成此操作。

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' ?>
<!-- was: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> -->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">

    <!--bean id="propertyConfigurer"
          class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer"
          p:location="/WEB-INF/jdbc.properties" />

<bean id="dataSource"
    class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource"
    p:driverClassName="${jdbc.driverClassName}"
    p:url="${jdbc.url}"
    p:username="${jdbc.username}"
    p:password="${jdbc.password}" /-->

    <!-- ADD PERSISTENCE SUPPORT HERE (jpa, hibernate, etc) -->

</beans>

dispatcher-servlet.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8' ?>
<!-- was: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> -->
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc 
       http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping"/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.controller"/>
    <mvc:annotation-driven />


    <!--
    Most controllers will use the ControllerClassNameHandlerMapping above, but
    for the index controller we are using ParameterizableViewController, so we must
    define an explicit mapping for it.
    -->
    <bean id="urlMapping" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping">
        <property name="mappings">
            <props>
                <prop key="index.htm">indexController</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="viewResolver"
          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"
          p:prefix="/WEB-INF/jsp/"
          p:suffix=".jsp" />

    <!--
    The index controller.
    -->
    <bean name="indexController"
          class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.ParameterizableViewController"
          p:viewName="index" />

</beans>

hibernate.cfg.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
  <session-factory>
    <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver</property>
    <property name="hibernate.connection.username">scott</property>
    <property name="hibernate.connection.password">tiger</property>
    <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl</property>
    <property name="hibernate.current_session_context_class">thread</property>
    <mapping resource="com/entity/EmpTest.hbm.xml"/>
  </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

EmpModelImpl.java

/*
 * To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.
 * To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates
 * and open the template in the editor.
 */
package com.model;

import com.entity.EmpTest;
import com.util.HibernateUtil;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.List;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;


@Repository
public class EmpModelImp {


   private SessionFactory session;

    public void add(EmpTest emp) {
       session=HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory();
       session.getCurrentSession().save(emp);// throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet."); //To change body of generated methods, choose Tools | Templates.
    }


    public void updateEmp(EmpTest emp) {
        session=HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory();
       session.getCurrentSession().update(emp);//  throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet."); //To change body of generated methods, choose Tools | Templates.
    }


    public void delete(BigDecimal EmpId) {
     session=HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory();
        session.getCurrentSession().delete(getEmp(EmpId));// throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet."); //To change body of generated methods, choose Tools | Templates.
    }


    public EmpTest getEmp(BigDecimal EmpId) {
        session=HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory();
        return (EmpTest) session.getCurrentSession().get(EmpTest.class, EmpId);// //throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet."); //To change body of generated methods, choose Tools | Templates.
    }


    public List<EmpTest> getAll() {
        session=HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory();
       return session.getCurrentSession().createCriteria("from emptest").list(); //throw new UnsupportedOperationException("Not supported yet."); //To change body of generated methods, choose Tools | Templates.
    }

}

EmpServiceImpl.java

/*
 * To change this license header, choose License Headers in Project Properties.
 * To change this template file, choose Tools | Templates
 * and open the template in the editor.
 */
package com.model;

import com.entity.EmpTest;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.List;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;

@Service
public class EmpServiceImpl {
 private EmpModelImp dao;   

    public EmpServiceImpl() {
        this.dao = new EmpModelImp();
    }
    @Transactional
    public void add(EmpTest emp) {
        dao.add(emp);
    }

    @Transactional
    public void updateEmp(EmpTest emp) {
        dao.updateEmp(emp);
    }

    @Transactional
    public void delete(BigDecimal EmpId) {
        dao.delete(EmpId);
    }

    @Transactional
    public EmpTest getEmp(BigDecimal EmpId) {
        return dao.getEmp(EmpId);
    }

    @Transactional
    public List<EmpTest> getAll() {
        return dao.getAll();
    }
}

我遇到了以下异常。

org.hibernate.HibernateException: createCriteria is not valid without active transaction
    org.hibernate.context.internal.ThreadLocalSessionContext$TransactionProtectionWrapper.invoke(ThreadLocalSessionContext.java:352)
    com.sun.proxy.$Proxy98.createCriteria(Unknown Source)
    com.model.EmpModelImp.getAll(EmpModelImp.java:51)
    com.model.EmpServiceImpl.getAll(EmpServiceImpl.java:47)

Answer 1

您还需要开始和结束交易。

        Session session = HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory().getCurrentSession();
        session.beginTransaction();
       EmpTest empTest = (EmpTest) session.get(EmpTest.class, EmpId);
        session.getTransaction().commit();

你当然可以让spring帮你做事务管理。但为此，您需要配置额外的事务管理器 bean。

Answer 2

您可以通过调用getCurrentSession() 获得您的Session。这给出了绑定到事务生命周期的“当前会话”，并将在事务结束（提交或回滚）时自动刷新和关闭。因此，在这种情况下，您必须明确地开始 transaction。不要忘记commit 否则您的会话将保持打开状态并且连接不会被释放。

或者，如果您决定使用sessionFactory.openSession()，您必须自己管理会话并“手动”刷新和关闭它。在这种情况下，您不需要为只读操作显式启动事务。

Answer 3

将@Transactional 移动到您的模型Impl 类中，这样它将是

@Transactional
@Repository
public class EmpModelImp{..}

Answer 4

我认为您必须在 HQL 查询中将from EmpTest 的首字母大写

 public List<EmpTest> getAll() {
        session=HibernateUtil.getSessionFactory();
       return session.getCurrentSession().createCriteria("from Emptest").list(); 
    }